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This study guide covers key concepts and principles from nur 215 theoretical foundation in nursing practice, focusing on the nursing profession, ethics, the nursing process, maslow's hierarchy of needs, health promotion, infection control, and the stages of infection. It includes definitions, examples, and questions to test understanding. This guide is a valuable resource for students preparing for exam 1, covering essential topics for a strong foundation in nursing practice.
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What is a nurse? Nurses are highly trained, well educated, caring, and competent. Why is nursing considered a profession?
What is the "Military" nursing image? battlefield, uniform, straightedge What is the "Handmaden" nursing image? assist physician at all costs Who is Florence Nightingale? Founder of modern nursing; she transformed the image of nursing from "Battle Ax" to nurses as a professional. What is the nursing process? Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation (ADPIE) What is the "A" in the nursing process? Assessment - gather information and review the patients history What is the "D" in the nursing process?
Diagnose - identify problem list What is the "P" in the nursing process? Plan - develop SMART goals, desired outcomes, and action plans What is the "I" in the nursing process? Implementation - perform nursing actions What is the "E" in the nursing process? Evaluate - were desired outcomes and goals achieved? Name the 5 tiers of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (Top) Self-Actualization (least important) Self-Esteem Love & Belonging Safety Needs Physiological Needs (most important) (Bottom) What are SMART goals? Specific Measurable
What is tertiary prevention? the focus on stopping disease from progressing or returning to support optimal functioning AFTER an injury or illness. What are 3 examples of tertiary prevention?
List 4 "at-risk" populations for Healthy People 2020.
What are the 2 'Modes of Transmission'? Direct and indirect; Contact, Droplet, Airborne What is direct transmission? Name 2 examples. Person to person;
Name 5 examples of a 'Susceptible Hosts'.
Define Passive Natural Immunity MATERNAL Antibodies passed from mother to baby through the placenta or breast milk. Define Passive Artificial Immunity ANTIBODY TRANSFER Immunoglobulins are administered to an individual after they have been exposed to a pathogen. What are the 5 stages of infection? Incubation Prodromal Illness Decline Convalescence What is the 'Incubation' stage in the stages of infection? Period of when pathogen enters host and the presentation of symptoms. (The person does not know they are infected, but can infect others) What is the 'Prodromal' stage in the stages of infection? Onset of general symptoms to distinct symptoms. Pathogen is multiplying.
What is the 'Illness' stage of the stages of infection? Symptoms specific to the infection occur. Immune defenses and medical treatments occur during this stage. If unsuccessful, it can result in death. What is the 'Decline' stage in the stages of infection? Patient's immune defenses and treatment successful in reducing pathogens. What is the 'Convalescence' stage in the stages of infection? Acute symptoms disappear. Pathogens continue to reduce until none are left, resulting in recovery. What is a localized infection and what are 4 symptoms we may see? Infection is in one region of the body.
Name 3 infections you might place a patient on 'Droplet Precautions' for.