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NUR 206 - CONTEMPORARY NURSING ISSUES TRENDS
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2025
MULTIPLE .CHOICE
- What .historical .event. first. led .to .the .recognition .of .the .contribution .of .blacks .to .nursing? a. Florence .Nightingale‘s .acceptance .of .black .nurses .into .the .first .nursing .school b. The .contributions .of .black .nurses .at .the .Pennsylvania .Hospital, .the .first .hospital .in .America c. Mary .Seacole‘s .efforts .to .care .for .soldiers .during .the .Crimean .War d. The .work .done .by .wives .of .wealthy .black .nobles .who .carried .food .and .medicine .from .house .to .house .during .the .Middle .Ages ANS:. C Although .Nightingale‘s .school .refused .Seacole, .she .was .able .to .make .a .difference .in .the .Crimean .War .and .later .was .recognized .for .her .efforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:.. pp. .8-
- World .War .I .contributed .to .the .advancement .of .health .care .by: a. increasing .the .number .of .private .care .hospitals .and .decreasing .the .role .of .public .health .services. b. employing .a .large .number .of .civilians .to .provide .care .to .returning .soldiers .through .the .Red .Cross. c. introducing .specialists .in .nursing .such .as .nurse .anesthetists. d. increasing .the .number .of .community .health .nurses. ANS:. C World .War .I .offered .nurses .a .chance .to .enter .into .new .fields .of .specialization, .as .is .seen .in .the .example .of .nurse .anesthetists, .who .became .part .of .surgical .teams .at .the .front .lines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 11
- The. primary. purpose .of .the .Social .Security .Act .of. 1935 .was .to: a. increase .research .that .focused .on .minority .groups. b. provide .medical .care .for .chemically .impaired .persons. c. ensure .health .care .for .older .adults .through .a .national .insurance .system. d. decrease .the .public‘s .financial .burden .by .limiting .services .offered .by .local .health .departments. ANS:. C By .providing .health .insurance .for .older .adults, .the .Social .Security .Act .of. 1935 .set .the .precedent .for .the .passage .of .the .Medicare .and .Medicaid .Acts .that .followed .in .1965, .but .the .act .also .provided .maternal .and .child .welfare .services, .rehabilitation .for .the .mentally .and .physically .challenged, .medical .care .for .blind .individuals .and .crippled .children, .and .unemployment .benefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 12
- A .client .asks .the .nurse, .―Can .you .explain .Medicare, .an .amendment .to .the .Social .Security .Act?‖ .The .nurse .responds .that .Medicare: a. led .to .many .hospital .closings, .along .with .a .decrease .in .acute .care .hospital– based .nursing .care.
b. provided .medical .insurance .to .those .younger .adults .or .children .who .were .not .eligible .for .private .insurance .because .of .catastrophic .illnesses .such .as .cancer. c. provided .preventive .care .for .women, .infants, .and .children. d. ensured .that .individuals .ages. 65 .and .older .and .those .with .end-stage .renal .disease .or .permanent .disabilities .had .health .care .insurance. ANS:. D The .Medicare .program .provides .hospital .insurance, .Part .A, .and .medical .insurance, .Part .B,
. to .all .people .ages. 65 .and .older .who .are .eligible .to .receive .Social .Security .benefits; .people .with .total, .permanent .disabilities; .and .people .with .end-stage .renal .disease.
DIF:.. Comprehension REF:. p.. 14
- A .comparison .of .nursing .in .the .1980s .to .nursing .in .the .1990s .reveals .that: a. in .the .1990s .nursing .experienced .a .significant .reduction .occurred .in .preventable .diseases .caused .by .unsafe/unhealthy .lifestyles. b. tuberculosis .was .the .primary .concern .for .nursing .in .the .1980s, .whereas .the .AIDS .epidemic .emerged .and .was .its .focus .during .the .1990s. c. a .decrease .in .ambulatory .services .in .the .1980s .prompted .an .increase .in .public .health .nurses .in .the .1990s. d. the .demand .for .advanced .practice .nurses .increased .in .the .1980s .and .the .1990s .as .a .result .of .the .economy .and .concern .about .the .health .of .the .nation. ANS:. D The .numbers .of .advanced .nurse .practitioners .increased .as .evidence .of .their .cost- effectiveness .as .providers .of .primary .and .preventive .health .care .became .established.
DIF:.. Comprehension REF:. pp. .16-
- Which .statement .accurately .describes .the .historical .perspective .of .nursing .practice? a. Nursing .has .existed .to .meet .the .needs .of .populations, .individuals, .and .aggregates .by .providing .care .that .is .determined .by .the .needs .and .beliefs .of .society .in .different .historical .contexts. b. As .men .began .to .become .interested .in .nursing, .it .changed .into .a .respected .profession .based .on .scientific .fact .rather .than .superstition. c. Nursing .has .historically .accepted .individuals .from .all .social .and .ethnic .backgrounds. d. The .United .States .has .led .the .way .throughout .history .to .advance .nursing .and .health .care .by .providing .the .first .hospital .and .medical .school. ANS:. A Nursing .has .existed .since .biblical .times .to .address .needs .ranging .from .contagious .diseases .in .early .times .to .health .prevention .in .the .present .time, .with .care .based .on .health .needs .and .beliefs .of .the .time.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 3 .|pp. .18-
- The .use .of .herbs .has .become .a .popular .alternative .to .prescription .drugs .in .today‘s .health .care .milieu. .During .which .other .historical .periods .did .health .practices .focus .on .the .use .of .herbs? a. Prehistoric .times .and .the .Middle .Ages b. Civil .War .period .and .World .War .I
- A .nurse .is .part .of .the .policy .committee .for .a .hospital. .The .committee .is .provided .with .statistics .indicating .that .patients .participating .in .a .satisfaction .survey .felt .they .lacked .sufficient .information .about .new .drugs .started .while .hospitalized .and .continued .after .discharge. .In .addition, .charts .noted .high .recidivism .rates. .The .committee .recommended .that .a .formalized .patient .education .plan .be .instituted .to .reconcile .all .medications .and .provide .patient .information .about .new .medications. .The .committee .is .using .which .component .of .the .Institute .of .Medicine .(IOM). 2011 .message? a. Nurses .should .achieve .higher .levels .of .education .to .be .effective .members .of .an .interdisciplinary .team. b. Nurses .should .have .a .minimum .of .a .master‘s .degree .to .sit .on .policy .committees .that .affect .an .entire .facility. c. Pay .for .nurses .should .be .consistent .with .that .of .physicians .since .the .committee .is .interdisciplinary. d. Policy .is .based .on .data, .which .provides .the .groundwork .for .decision .making. ANS:. D The .IOM .report .initiatives .include .effective .workforce .planning .and .policymaking .based .on .better .data .collection .and .improved .infrastructure.
DIF: Application REF:. p. .16| .p.. 18
- The .Affordable .Care .Act .of .2011: a. requires .that .by. 2020 .all .newly .licensed .nurses .have .a .bachelor‘s .degree .at .minimum. b. would .provide .health .care .benefits .to .millions .who .were .previously .uninsurable .or .unable .to .afford .insurance. c. caps .the .amount .that .hospitals .and .physicians .can .charge .for .procedures. d. subsidizes .private .insurance .companies, .thereby .reducing .health .care .costs .for .individuals .who .have .chronic .or .catastrophic .illness .such .as .cancer. ANS:. B It .is .anticipated .that .the .ACA .(2011) .will .make .insurance .coverage .possible .for .millions .who .have .previously .not .had .insurance .or .had .been .denied .insurance.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. pp. .18-
- It .has .been .said .that .―history .repeats .itself .because .no .one .was .listening .the .first .time.‖ .Which .statement .is .true .when .comparing .the .nursing .care .provided .in .the .Civil .War .( .to .1865) .to .that .provided .during .the .Crimean .War? a. Epidemics .such .as .smallpox .and .typhoid .were .the .primary .emphasis .of .nursing .care .in .both .wars. b. Soldiers .were .housed .in .substandard .conditions, .but .due .to .Nightingale‘s .push .for .sanitary .conditions, .in .the .Civil .War .soldiers .were .housed .in .aseptic .conditions. c. Black .nurses .were .widely .accepted .by .society .and .the .profession, .receiving .equal .compensation .during .the .Civil .War .due .in .large .part .to .the .efforts .of .Mary .Seacole .during .the .Crimean .War. d. Both .Nightingale .(Crimean .War) .and .Dix .(Civil .War) .completed .nursing .training .before .accepting .positions .as .nurses .in .the .wars. ANS:. A
Numerous .epidemics .plagued .the .country, .including .syphilis, .gonorrhea, .malaria, .smallpox, .and .typhoid.
DIF: Application REF:. p.. 9
MULTIPLE .RESPONSE
- What .uniquely .twenty-first .century .issue .challenges .today‘s .professional .nurse. .(select .all .that .apply) a. Caring .for .an .aging .population b. Increased .patient .acuity c. Access .to .health .care .services d. Expanding .technology e. Increasing .intercultural .patient .population ANS:. A, .B, .D, .E Professional .nurses .in .the .twenty-first .century .are .faced .with .many .challenges .including .an .aging .patient .population. .Professional .nurses .in .the .twenty-first .century .are .faced .with .many .challenges .including .an .increase .in .high .acuity .patients. .Professional .nurses .in .the .twenty-first .century .are .faced .with .many .challenges .including .an .ever .expanding .array .of .technologies .that .affect .patient .care. .Professional .nurses .in .the .twenty-first .century .are .faced .with .many .challenges .including .the .existence .of .an .intercultural .patient .population.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 18
- A .newly .licensed .nurse .compares .the .challenges .facing .nursing .today .with .those .faced .by .nurses .when .her .mentor .graduated .in .1990. .The .mentor .states, .―Prevention .was .the .focus .of .nursing .when .I .graduated. .We .stressed .preventive .health .measures .such .as .smoking .cessation .education .to .reduce .preventable .diseases .and .prevention .to .reduce .the .spread .of .infectious .disease .such .as .AIDS.‖ .The .mentor .asks, .―What .do .you .think .the .challenges .will .be .for .nurses .graduating .now? .The .correct .response .would .be: .(select .all .that .apply) a. coordinating .care .for .a .more .diverse .aging .population .who .have .complex .health .values. b. managing .care .provided .by .nurses .who .are .technologically .advanced .and .skilled .at .interprofessional .collaboration. c. providing .care .to .well-informed .consumers .who .are .younger .with .narrow .health .values. d. redesigning .nursing .care .delivery .models .to .streamline .care .based .on .fewer .generational .differences. e. focusing .on .care .from .a .systems .perspective. ANS:. A, .B, .E Our .society, .thus .our .patients/consumers, .is .aging .and .better .informed .about .health .care .options, .with .health .values .as .diverse .as .the .various .populations .of .patients .served. .Nurses .educated .in .the .twenty-first .century .are .introduced .to .advanced .technologies .throughout .the .curriculum, .but .a .gap .still .exists .between .the .potential .benefits .of .technology .and .the .use .made .of .it .to .reduce .errors .and .improve .patient .care; .interprofessional .collaboration .is .a .challenge .with .incivility .and .workplace .violence .increasing. .Today‘s .nurses .must .view .health .care .from .a .systems .perspective .rather .than .a .nursing .unit .perspective .to .decrease .errors/costs .that .arise .from .system .errors.
Chapter .02: .The .Contemporary .Image .of .Professional .Nursing
Cherry .& .Jacob: .Contemporary .Nursing: .Issues, .Trends, .and .Management, .7th
.Edition
MULTIPLE .CHOICE
- Which .item .below .correctly .describes .the .U.S. .Bureau .of .Labor .Statistics .predictions .by .2020? a. Positions .that .historically .required .registered .nurses .will .be .filled .by .unlicensed .personnel. b. The .job .growth .rate .for .RNs .will .surpass .job .growth .in .all .other .occupations. c. The .need .for .hospital .nurses .will .dramatically .decrease. d. Hospitals .will .finally .achieve .the .required .RN .workforce. ANS:. B With .an .employment .rate .expected .to .increase .by .more .than .19%, .job .production .for .nurses .is .projected .to .grow .faster .than .the .average .of .all .occupations .(11%) .until .2020.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. pp. .23-
- What .effect .did .the .movie. One .Flew .Over .the .Cuckoo’s .Nest. have .on .health .care? a. Funding .for .mental .health .care .increased, .allowing .the .point .of .care .to .change .from .the .community .to .standardized .institutional .care. b. The .public .and .the .nursing .profession .were .made .aware .of .the .rights .of .vulnerable .populations. c. Nurses .were .seen .as .advocates .for .individuals .who .cannot .advocate .for .themselves. d. Funding .for .nursing .traineeships .was .eliminated. ANS:. B One .Flew .Over .the .Cuckoo’s .Nest. reminded .us .that .all .individuals .have .rights .and .that .it .is .the .responsibility .of .the .public .and .health .care .professionals .to .ensure .that .these .rights .are .protected.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 26
- Which .nurse .died .after .deliberately .acquiring .two .bites .from .yellow .fever .carrier .mosquitoes .to .enable .her .to .provide .care .to .soldiers .with .yellow .fever .during .the .Spanish- American .War? a. Florence .Nightingale b. Margaret .Hoolihan c. Clara .Maas d. Sairy .Gamp
ANS:. C Clara .Maas .is .noted .as .the .nurse .who .deliberately .acquired .two .bites .from .yellow .fever .carrier .mosquitoes .to .enable .her .to .provide .care .to .soldiers .with .yellow .fever.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. p.. 26
- A .bronze .statue .of .a .nurse .in .battle .fatigues .who .is .obviously .exhausted .but .demonstrates .caring .by .holding .a .soldier‘s .head .is .an .artistic .representation .of .nurses .who .served .in .which .war? a. World .War .I b. World .War .II c. Spanish-American .War d. Vietnam .War ANS:. D This .statue .represents .the .caring .provided .by .nurses .during .the .Vietnam .War.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. p.. 27
- What .was .the .purpose .of .the .Nurse .Reinvestment .Act .of .2002? a. Provided .disability .insurance .to .RNs .who .contract .a .life-threatening .illness .while .on .duty b. Funded .public .service .announcements .that .promote .unlicensed .caregivers .as .an .alternative .to .professional .nurses c. Focused .on .nurse .retention .and .safety .enhancement .grants .to .address .the .current .nursing .shortage d. Provided .pediatric .nursing .training .grants ANS:. C This .act .provided .nursing .scholarships, .public .service .announcements .promoting .nursing .as .a .career, .faculty .loan .cancellation .programs, .geriatric .training .grants, .and .nurse .retention .and .safety .enhancement .grants.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. pp. .23-
- What .is .the .best .way .for .the .individual .nurse .to .maintain .the .most .effective .professional .image? a. Change .out .of .their .work .attire .before .running .errands. b. Renew .membership .in .a .nursing .organization. c. Earning .an .advanced .nursing .degree. d. Developing .effective .nurse-physician .relationships. ANS:. B Professional .nurses .recognize .that .their .greatest .benefit—and .one .of .the .most .efficient .and .powerful .uses .for .their .money—is .less .than .1% .of .their .salary .they .spend .for .membership .in .the .ANA, .the .National .League .for .Nursing, .Sigma .Theta .Tau .International, .and .their .specialty .organization. .They .look .forward .to .annual .meetings .because .such .meetings .provide .an .excellent .opportunity .to .meet .colleagues .and .discuss .issues .and .practice .innovations.
DIF: Application REF:. pp. .33-
- Charles .Dickens‘ .character .Sairy .Gamp: a. portrayed .nurses .as .trained .professional .individuals .who .put .others .before .themselves. b. chose .nursing .because .she .had .no .other .avenue .for .employment. c. was .a .prostitute .who .took .advantage .of .sick .old .men. d. characterized .nurses .as .being .at .the .forefront .of .technology .and .autonomy.
should .be .reduced, .so .they .are .eligible .to .sit .for .the .licensure .examination. c. working .more .hours .with .a .higher .nurse/patient .ratio. d. advocating .for .funds .to .pay .for .nursing .education .and .a .safer .work .environment. ANS:. D Advocating .for .funds .to .pay .for .nursing .education .and .a .safer .work .environment .is .a .positive .strategy, .as .can .be .seen .by .results .attained .after .the .Reinvestment .Act .P.L. .107- 205 .provided $20 .million .for .nursing .scholarships, .public .service .announcements, .faculty .loan .cancellation .programs, .geriatric .training .grants, .and .nurse .retention .and .safety .enhancement .grants. .This .is .the .best .defense .against .the .nursing .shortage. .Nursing .graduates .in .many .states .have .increased .in .number, .and .enrollment .in .nursing .schools .is .also .on .the .rise.
DIF:.. Application.. REF:.. pp. .23-
- The .demographics .of .the .twenty-first .century .nursing .population .indicate .that: a. individuals .entering .nursing .are .second-degree .students .who .average. 45 .years .of .age. b. more .white .nurses .enter .and .obtain .graduate .degrees .than .any .other .ethnic .group. c. the .highest .level .of .nursing .education .for .most .RNs .is .an .associate .degree. d. the .majority .of .nurses .practice .in .hospitals. ANS:. D Fifty-six .percent .of .nurses .practice .in .hospitals.
DIF:.. Comprehension REF:. p.. 29
- A .nursing .student .asks, .―I .wonder .if .the .reason .that .the .nursing .shortage .is .so .severe .is .that .registered .nurses .are .unhappy .with .their .jobs.‖ .To .research .the .answer, .the .National .Survey .of .Registered .Nurses .was .reviewed .and .found: a. registered .nurses .change .employers .every .year .to .prevent .burnout .and .to .keep .the .nursing .shortage .from .increasing. b. nursing .faculty .are .aging .or .leaving .academia .due .to .increased .work .demands .and .generational .difference .from .students. c. practicing .registered .nurses .are .satisfied .with .their .job .and .most .remain .with .same .employer .they .worked .for .the .previous .year. d. registered .nurses .were .the .least .satisfied .with .their .job .of .all .health .care .providers. ANS:. C According .to .the .latest .National .Sample .Survey .of .Registered .Nurses .(NSSR), .79.8% .of .practicing .RNs .were .satisfied .with .their .job .and .88.4% .were .with .the .same .employer .as .they .had .been .in .the .preceding .year .(U.S. .Department .of .Health .and .Human .Services, .2010). Among .all .RNs, .nursing .faculty .are .the .most .satisfied .(86.6%).
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 29
- A .registered .nurse .is .on .break .and .checking .e-mails. .One .e-mail .contains .a .picture .of .a .celebrity .who .is .a .patient .in .the .hospital, .and .on .the .same .floor, .where .the .nurse .works. .Included .with .the .photo .is .a .message, .―check .out .my .Facebook,‖ .which .contains .additional .photographs .of .the .patient. .The .nurse .immediately .deletes .the .picture .to .prevent .having .to .report .the .―friend‖ .to .supervisors. .Based .on .the .action .of .the .nurse .who .received .the .message, .which .statement .is .correct?
a. The .nurse .is .not .at .risk .for .having .his .or .her .license .suspended .since .removing .the .photos .made .them .temporary .and .invisible .to .all .others. b. Because .the .nurse .did .not .send .the .message .and .immediately .deleted .the .photo, .there .is .no .risk .for .discipline. c. Failing .to .report .receiving .the .message .demonstrates .poor .ethical .and .legal .role-modeling .as .well .as .placing .the .nurse .at .risk .for .discipline. d. Because .the .patient .is .on .the .same .floor .as .the .one .on .which .the .nurse .works, .the .information .can .be .ethically .and .legally .shared. ANS:. C Failing .to .report .the .image .can .result .in .discipline.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. pp. .27-
- A .nurse .executive .is .concerned .that .the .mortality .rate .in .his .or .her .hospital .exceeds .the .national .average .and .searches .the .literature .finding .Aiken‘s. 2011 .Survey .on .the .effects .of .nurse .staffing .and .education .on .mortality, .including .work .environment. .If .Aiken‘s .recommendations .are .followed, .which .change .would .be .most .effective? a. Increasing .staffing .ratios .to .include .more .nurses .of .all .levels .of .educational .preparation .on .all .shifts b. Employing .bachelor‘s .prepared .nurses .who .participate .in .interprofessional .rounds .with .attending .physicians .where .their .voices .are .heard c. Ensuring .nurse .managers .and .administrators .have .at .minimum .a .master‘s .degree d. Encouraging .all .unlicensed .assistive .personnel .to .attend .educational .programs .to .be .certified ANS:. B Aiken .(2011) .found .that .simply .increasing .the .number .of .RNs .was .not .the .only .answer .to .reduce .mortality. .Increasing .the .number .of .BSN-prepared .nurses .along .with .developing .a .positive .work .environment .had .the .most .impact .on .reducing .mortality. .The .impact .on .reducing .mortality .by .increasing .the .educational .level .of .nurse .managers/administrators .and .certified .unlicensed .assistive .personnel .was .not .documented.
DIF: Application REF:. pp. .30-
- In .order .to .best .improve .patient .outcomes .on .an .acute .care .hospital .unit, .which .intervention .should .the .nursing .staff .advocate .for? a. Staffing .only. 8 .hour .shifts .on .the .unit b. Decreasing .the .number .of .patients .cared .for .on .any .specific .unit c. Increasing .salaries .for .experienced .nurses d. Increasing .staffing .on .the .evening .shift ANS:. D The .data .clearly .indicate .that .decreased .nurse-patient .ratios .have .been .associated .with .higher .rates .of .mortality, .shock, .urinary .tract .infections, .sepsis, .hospital .acquired .pneumonia, .and .failure .to .rescue, .especially .among .surgical .patients.
DIF: Application REF:. pp. .30-
Only .19% .of .nurses .are .minorities. .RNs .have .one .of .the .highest .growth .rates .of .employment .of .all .occupations.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. pp. .23-24 .|p.. 29
- A .group .of .new .graduate .nurses .is .asked .to .speak .to .a .group .of .politicians .to .describe .the .current .state .of .professional .nursing .and .how .best .to .alleviate .the .nursing .shortage. .Which .statements .accurately .portray .professional .nursing .today .and .tomorrow? .(select .all .that .apply) a. More .RNs .attain .a .bachelor‘s .degree .than .an .associate .degree .or .diploma. b. Because .of .pressure .to .shorten .length .of .stay .in .hospitals, .more .RNs .practice .in .outpatient .settings .and .home .health .than .in .acute .care .settings. c. The .most .popular .advanced .practice .specialty .is .nurse .anesthesia. d. White .nurses .are .more .likely .to .enter .graduate .school .than .nurses .from .other .ethnic .groups. e. Nursing .represents .the .largest .health .care .professional .group, .followed .by .medical .doctors. ANS:. A, .E Recipients .of .BSN .degrees .represent .the .largest .graduating .educational .profile .(47.2%). .Nurses .make .up .the .largest .group .of .health .care .professionals.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 29
- Which .actions .would .result .in .a .greater .number .of .nurses .entering .and .staying .in .practice, .given .today‘s .state .of .nursing? .(select .all .that .apply) a. Determine .why .few .black .women .enter .graduate .school. b. Provide .incentives .for .minorities .and .men .to .enter .nursing. c. Obtain .grant .funding .to .increase .the .number .of .faculty .members .and .scholarship .availability .for .students .entering .baccalaureate .nursing .programs. d. Survey .nurses .to .determine .why .their .job .satisfaction .is .lower .than .that .of .other .health .care .professions. e. Develop .ad .campaigns .that .target .younger .students. ANS:. B, .C, .E Core .solutions .to .the .nursing .shortage .include .providing .incentives .for .minorities .and .men .to .enter .nursing. .Core .solutions .to .the .nursing .shortage .include .obtaining .grant .funding .to .increase .the .number .of .faculty .members .and .scholarship .availability .for .students .entering .baccalaureate .nursing .programs. .Core .solutions .to .the .nursing .shortage .include .developing .ad .campaigns .that .target .younger .students.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. pp. .28-
- The .Nurses .of .America‘s .media .campaign .raised .awareness .of .which .aspects .of .nursing? .(select .all .that .apply) a. Nurses .are .expert .clinicians. b. A .higher .nurse/patient .ratio .is .needed. c. Nurses .are .invisible .in .the .news .media. d. Nurses .are .caring. e. Nurses .are .well .paid.
ANS:. A, .C
The .campaign .was .designed .to .convey .to .the .public .that .nurses .are .expert .clinicians. .A .strategically .important .part .of .the .campaign .raised .consciousness .among .nurses .of .the .invisibility .of .nursing .in .the .news .media.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p.. 28
- A .new .trend .in .nursing .education .that .is .consistent .with .real-world .practice .is .focused .on: a. outcomes. b. objectives. c. goals. d. subjective .appraisals. ANS:. A Outcomes .and .criteria .establish .real .expectations .for .clinical .practice .and .have .a .powerful .influence .on .nursing .education .and .practice .at .all .levels. .Outcomes .are .used .in .all .areas. of .nursing .in .the .nursing .process.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. p.. 43
- The .practice .of .nurses, .nursing .students, .and .faculty .is .affected .by .demographic .changes .due .to: a. the .growing .percentage .of .adults .ages. 50 .to. 55 .years. b. increasing .numbers .of .obese .children .and .adults. c. changes .by .which .families .are .becoming .more .nuclear. d. social .programs .that .are .essentially .eliminating .poverty. ANS:. B The .United .States .is .experiencing .an .epidemic .of .obesity .with .major .consequences .for .health .and .the .health .care .system.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. p.. 46
- The .first .university .to .offer .nursing .graduates .a .baccalaureate .degree .was: a. Columbia .Teachers .College. b. Yale .University. c. Harvard .University. d. the .New .York .Regents .Program.
ANS:. B In .1924, .Yale .University .offered .the .first .separate .Department .of .Nursing, .whose .graduates .earned .a .baccalaureate .degree.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. p.. 53
- Which .nursing .model .is .referred .to .as .the .―class .without .walls‖? a. Articulation b. Career .ladder .(2 .+ .2) c. External .degree d. Second .degree ANS:. C An .external .degree .does .not .require .attendance .and .provides .no .course .classes; .it .enrolls .thousands .and .is .accessible .regardless .of .geographic .location.
DIF: Knowledge REF:. p.. 56
- When .focusing .on .addressing .issues .identified .by .the. 2000 .Institute .of .Medicine .report, .the .nursing .faculty .will .access .information .associated .with .which .initiative? a. Quality .and .Safety .in .Nursing .Education b. Competency .Outcomes .and .Performance .Model .(COPA) c. The .National .Organization .of .Nurse .Practitioner .Faculties .(NONPF) d. Academic .Center .for .Evidence-Based .Practice .(ACE) ANS:. A In .response .to .the .Institute .of .Medicine .report .(IOM, .2000), .The .Robert .Wood .Johnson .Foundation .funded .a .national .initiative, .Quality .and .Safety .in .Nursing .Education .(QSEN), .to .help .nursing .programs .reorganize .curricula .to .focus .on .patient .safety .and .quality .care.
DIF: Application REF:. p.. 43
- The .number .of .reported .medical .errors .demonstrates .a .need .for .what .priority .intervention? a. Simulation .experiences b. Performance .competency .exercises c. Comprehensive .instructor-constructed .examinations d. Detailed .care .planning .exercises ANS:. B The .increase .in .reported .medical-related .errors .vividly .emphasizes .the .need .for .more .effective .validation .of .performance .competence .in .schools .and .the .workplace.
DIF: Application REF:. p.. 45
- Which .trend .is .an .effect .of .the .nursing .shortage .on .nursing .education? a. Only .devoted .qualified .nurses .are .continuing .to .provide .bedside .nursing .because .of .the .complexity .of .care .required, .resulting .in .excellent .preceptorships .for .students. b. The .number .of .applicants .to .nursing .programs .has .risen, .but .enrollment .is .limited .because .of .a .decrease .in .the .number .of .available .scholarships .and .grants. c. With .an .increase .in .the .number .of .nurses .who .are .entering .graduate .school .to .escape .bedside .nursing, .students .will .soon .enjoy .a .lower .faculty/student .ratio. d. Students .may .be .assigned .to .preceptors .who .have .not .yet .developed .expertise .in .the .field .of .interest. ANS:. D Qualified .preceptors .are .few.
DIF: Analysis REF:. p.. 49
- The .NCLEX® .examination .is .created .and .administered .by .the: a. American .Association .of .Colleges .of .Nursing .(AACN). b. American .Nurses .Association .(ANA). c. National .Council .of .State .Boards .of .Nursing .(NCSBN). d. National .League .for .Nursing .(NLN). ANS:. C The .NCSBN .coordinates .licensure .activities .on .a .national .level .and .creates .and .administers .the .licensure .examination .(NCLEX®).
- A .nursing .student .scores .95% .on .the .written .examination .for .the .adult .health .course. .To .be .successful .in .this .course, .this .same .student .must .then .perform .an .indwelling .catheter .insertion .and .wound .care .in .a .simulated .environment .meeting .core .competencies. .The .student .asks, .―What .are .core .competencies?‖ .The .nursing .instructor .replies, .―Core .competencies .are: a. a .trend .used .in .nursing .education .to .reduce .attrition .in .prelicensure .students.‖ b. those .skills .necessary .for .safe, .competent .nursing .practice.‖ c. educational .opportunities .that .provide .remediation .when .student .is .unable .to .perform .psychomotor .skills .correctly.‖ d. critical .thinking .exercises .aimed .to .improve .reading .and .math .skills.‖ ANS:. B Core .competencies .are .those .skills .and .elements .that .are .fundamental .and .essential .for .safe, .competent .practice.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. pp. .39-
- A .nurse .realizes .that .a .health .care .concern .related .to .globalization .was: a. the .emergence .of .epidemic .hepatitis .A. b. the .pandemic .of .H1N1 .―swine .flu.‖ c. reemergence .of .polio. d. an .increase .in .chronic .illnesses. ANS:. B In .2009, .there .was .a .pandemic .of .H1N1 .on .every .continent .and .a .reemergence .of Staphylococcus .aureus. (MRSA).
DIF: Knowledge REF:. pp. .47-
- A .student .nurse .is .preparing .a .presentation .that .requires .identification .of .outcomes .for .the .care .of .heart .failure .patients. .Which .is .a .correctly .written .outcome? a. Develop .a .teaching .program .to .address .physical .activities .that .result .in .improved .cardiac .function. b. Discuss .the .clinical .manifestations .associated .with .Level. 4 .heart .failure. c. List .the .most .common .pharmaceutical .approaches .to .reduce .preload .in .heart .failure .patients. d. Recognize .the .economic .impact .that .recidivism .has .on .the .patient .and .health .care .facility. ANS:. A Outcomes .use .action .words, .actions .that .nurses .actually .do, .such .as. develop ,. plan , . implement ,. integrate ,. plan , .or. conduct.
DIF: Application REF:. p.. 43
- A .member .of .a .nursing .students .study .group .comments, .―I .wish .our .instructor .would .just .tell .us .the .important .information .that .we .will .be .tested .on .in .our .course .and .on .NCLEX®. .Instead, .we .spend .some .time .early .in .the .class .discussing .key .facts .then .the .most .of .the .time .working .through .case .studies, .then .practicing .on .the .simulator .rather .than .caring .for .‗real‘ .patients.‖ .This .teaching-learning .style .represents: a. memorization .of .basic .facts .presented .early .in .the .lecture.
b. Objective .Structured .Clinical .Examinations .(OSCE). c. peer-to-peer .learning. d. practice-based .competency. ANS:. D Practice-based .competency .includes .active .engagement .and .application .in .real .practice .situations .and .interactive .strategies .such .as .case .studies .and .simulation.
DIF: Application REF:. pp. .43-
- Which .experience .is .best .designed .to .support .a .nursing .student‘s .preparation .for .interprofessional .team .participation? a. Attending .a .seminar .on .interprofessional .team .cooperation b. Completing .a .preceptorship .with .an .advanced .practice .nurse c. Carrying .for .three .patients .with .varying .medical .diagnoses d. Presenting .patient .information .at .the .daily .care .planning .meeting .on .a .mental .health .unit ANS:. D While .interprofessional .educational .experiences .are .encouraged .for .all .health .care .disciplines, .Delunas .and .Rouse .(2014) .cite .the .importance .of .preparation .of .students .for .interprofessional .educational .experiences, .and .the .need .for .regular .meetings .when .students .are .engaged .in .learning .as .a .member .of .a .health .care .team.
DIF: Application REF:. pp. .47-
- A .person .interested .in .employment .in .the .health .care .sector .has .less .than. 1 .year .to .pursue .his .or .her .education .and .wants .to .focus .on .functional .aspects .of .patient .care. .He/she .desires .to .work .in .a .long-term .facility. .Which .type .of .nursing .program .should .this .person .request .information .about? a. Bachelor‘s .degree .in .nursing .(BSN) b. Licensed .practical .nurse .(LPN) c. Associate .degree .in .nursing d. Master‘s .degree .in .nursing
ANS:. B LPN .programs .provide .basic .technical .bedside .care .and .employment .opportunities .at .hospitals, .nursing .homes, .home .care, .and .doctor .offices.
DIF: Comprehension REF:. p. .52, .Table .3-
MULTIPLE .RESPONSE
- A .nurse .is .concerned .that .the .policy .of .using .povidone-iodine .(Betadine) .to .clean .foot .ulcers .may .lead .to .unwarranted .allergic .reactions .and .drying .of .surrounding .tissue. .A .literature .review .is .performed .to .determine .the .―best .practice‖ .related .to .care .of .foot .ulcers. .This .nurse: .(select .all .that .apply) a. is .applying .evidence-based .practice .to .the .clinical .setting. b. is .using .critical .thinking .to .change .procedures .performed .in .the .care .of .foot .ulcers. c. is .minimally .educated .at .the .master‘s .level .and .participating .in .research .to .provide .cost-effective .care .(soap .is .less .expensive .than .povidone-iodine).
