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Mechanical Ventilation: Comprehensive Q&A for Respiratory Support, Exams of Nursing

Aims Community CollegeNursing

A comprehensive set of questions and answers related to mechanical ventilation, covering key aspects such as indications, types of respiratory failure, airway management, intubation procedures, and potential complications. It serves as a valuable resource for students and healthcare professionals seeking to deepen their understanding of mechanical ventilation principles and practices. The material includes detailed explanations of advanced airways, medication protocols, and essential nursing care considerations, making it an excellent study aid for exams and clinical practice. It also addresses the importance of proper technique in suctioning and managing tracheostomies, ensuring patient safety and optimal respiratory support. Useful for university students.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/08/2025

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NUR 2016: MECHANICAL VENTILATION TEST 1 QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1) What are the indications for mechanical ventilation? -- Answer ✔✔ Acute
respiratory failure, oxygenation failure, pulmonary mechanical failure
2) What is acute respiratory failure? -- Answer ✔✔ Inability to ventilate. Can be caused
by the patient being too obtunded, weak, or sick to breathe
3) What is oxygenation failure? -- Answer ✔✔ The patient is ventilating but they are
not getting enough oxygen. Can be caused by atelectasis, buildup of mucous
secretions etc.
4) What is pulmonary mechanical failure? -- Answer ✔✔ Something that is physically
wrong with the chest that is causing inadequate oxygenation. May be caused by flail
chest, pulmonary contusions, rib fractures, pneumothorax
5) What is flail chest? -- Answer ✔✔ When multiple adjacent ribs are broken in
multiple places causing that section of the chest to move paradoxically during
breathing.
6) What are examples of advanced airways? -- Answer ✔✔ Endotracheal tube,
nasotracheal tube, tracheostomy
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NUR 2016: MECHANICAL VENTILATION TEST 1 QUESTIONS

WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

  1. What are the indications for mechanical ventilation? -- Answer ✔✔ Acute respiratory failure, oxygenation failure, pulmonary mechanical failure
  2. What is acute respiratory failure? -- Answer ✔✔ Inability to ventilate. Can be caused by the patient being too obtunded, weak, or sick to breathe
  3. What is oxygenation failure? -- Answer ✔✔ The patient is ventilating but they are not getting enough oxygen. Can be caused by atelectasis, buildup of mucous secretions etc.
  4. What is pulmonary mechanical failure? -- Answer ✔✔ Something that is physically wrong with the chest that is causing inadequate oxygenation. May be caused by flail chest, pulmonary contusions, rib fractures, pneumothorax
  5. What is flail chest? -- Answer ✔✔ When multiple adjacent ribs are broken in multiple places causing that section of the chest to move paradoxically during breathing.
  6. What are examples of advanced airways? -- Answer ✔✔ Endotracheal tube, nasotracheal tube, tracheostomy
  1. What is intubation? -- Answer ✔✔ Refers to the insertion of an artificial airway into the trachea either orally or nasally
  2. True or false: A nasotracheal tube does not require hyperextension of the neck like an endotracheal tube does. -- Answer ✔✔ True
  3. How to ensure your endotracheal tube is still in the correct position in your patient? -- Answer ✔✔ Tube should be marked at the mouth and documented "cm at lip" in the chart.
  4. What is the blue pigtail for on the endotracheal tube? -- Answer ✔✔ Inflating the balloon/cuff (the balloon/cuff keeps the tube in place internally)
  5. What is the stylet? -- Answer ✔✔ A semi-rigid wire inside the ET tube to bend and mold the ET tube as needed for insertion. (It is removed after et tube is inserted)
  6. How to tell if an endotracheal tube is in the correct spot? -- Answer ✔✔ X-ray, co detector, listen over stomach, listen to breath sounds, check chest expansion
  7. What is a CO2 detector used for during intubation? -- Answer ✔✔ To confirm correct placement of the tube by detecting exhaled carbon dioxide. If it changes from purple to yellow you are in the correct spot.
  8. What supplies do you need to collect for an endotracheal intubation? -- Answer ✔✔ ET tube, lubricant, 2 sources of oxygen, suction, laryngoscope or glidescope, medications, bite block (ett commercial holder), syringe, restraints
  9. What two sources of oxygen do you want during an intubation and why? -- Answer ✔✔ The vent is one and an ambu bag or nonrebreather. You want the ambu bag or nonrebreather available so you can preoxygenate your patient or oxygenate them between attempts if it is a difficult intubation.
  1. If the ET tube appears to be out of place, what are the nursing priorities? -- Answer ✔✔ First assess pt/listen to lung sounds, then check to see if balloon is inflated, then check and make sure pt is restrained, then call respiratory therapist or dr
  2. What is the gold standard of ET tubes? -- Answer ✔✔ Hi lo ETT (not used as often because they're expensive)
  3. Why is the Hi Lo ET tube the gold standard for ET tubes? -- Answer ✔✔ Because it has a yellow pigtail for suctioning which helps prevent VAP
  4. Steps for suctioning a patient via an endotracheal tube or trach? -- Answer ✔✔ First hyperoxygenate them, then suction, then return patient to previous settings, then reassess lung sounds
  5. How can you hyperoxygenate your patient? -- Answer ✔✔ Use 100% oxygen and either manually bag with ambu-bag or set vent to 100% FiO2 for 2 minutes.
  6. What is the proper technique to suction a patient via an ETT or trach? -- Answer ✔✔ Suction only on withdrawal using a rotating motion. Suction intermittently for 10 - 15 seconds
  7. What is a laryngeal mask airway? -- Answer ✔✔ A device used to keep the airway open. It sits above the vocal cords and allows breathing without a tube in the windpipe. Used mostly in OR as a short term airway.
  8. What is a CombiTube? -- Answer ✔✔ A type of advanced airway that allows for blind insertion. If a patient comes in with one, it will need to be switched out sooner rather than later.
  9. What is a tracheostomy? -- Answer ✔✔ The insertion of an artificial airway directly into the trachea through a stoma in the neck.
  1. What is the purpose and indication for a tracheostomy? -- Answer ✔✔ Long-term ventilation, removal of secretions, protect airway, bypass an obstruction
  2. What is the nursing care for a tracheostomy? -- Answer ✔✔ Keep stoma clean and dry, dressing changes, trach care, suctioning, mouth care
  3. What must be changed regularly on a tracheostomy to prevent infection? -- Answer ✔✔ The inner cannula
  4. If a patient has a tracheostomy, what MUST be present in the room at all times? -- Answer ✔✔ An obturator
  5. What is an obturator? -- Answer ✔✔ A device used to re-access an airway on a patient with a tracheostomy if their airway is lost.
  6. True or false: All tracheostomies have cuffs/balloons. -- Answer ✔✔ False
  7. Why is a tracheostomy a better option than an endotracheal tube? -- Answer ✔✔ It's more comfortable for the patient, requires less sedation which allows the patient to recover faster, less of an infection risk, and it is easier to take the patient on and off the vent as needed.
  8. True or false: Oxygen to a tracheostomy should be humidified. -- Answer ✔✔ True
  9. What are the different ways oxygen can be delivered to a tracheostomy? -- Answer ✔✔ T-piece, mask or collar, ventilator