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ARDS: Test Questions and Complete Solutions for Medical Students, Exams of Nursing

Aims Community CollegeNursing

A comprehensive set of test questions and answers related to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). It covers key aspects such as complications, pulmonary gas exchange support, prone positioning benefits, oxygen delivery optimization, nutritional balance, pain and anxiety management, communication strategies, prognosis, and post-intensive care syndrome (pics). The questions also delve into the abcdef bundle for pics prevention, ards causes, diagnosis, pathophysiology, alveolar changes, shunting, phases, hallmark signs, and clinical manifestations. This resource is designed to enhance understanding and critical thinking about ards management in clinical settings. It is useful for medical students, nursing students, and healthcare professionals.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/08/2025

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NUR 2016: ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME:
TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1) What are the complications of ARDs? -- Answer ✔✔ Barotrauma, volutrauma,
hypoxia, MODs (AKI, shocky liver, AMS, hypotension)
2) How to support pulmonary gas exchange? -- Answer ✔✔ Mechanical ventilation,
maintain CO being mindful of fluid overload, prone positioning
3) What is the benefit of prone positioning? -- Answer ✔✔ Improved dorsal lung
expansion, improved alveolar expansion, better disbursement of blood = improved
ventilation/perfusion ratios
4) How to optimize oxygen delivery? -- Answer ✔✔ Immobilize, hypoventilation
5) How to maintain nutritional balance in the ARDs patient? -- Answer ✔✔ Give trickle
feeds, approximately 10 mL/hour
6) What is the point of trickle feeds? -- Answer ✔✔ To maintain blood flow to the gut
so it does not become necrotic. (Nutrition is the a good side effect but not the point
of trickle feeds)
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NUR 2016: ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME:

TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

  1. What are the complications of ARDs? -- Answer ✔✔ Barotrauma, volutrauma, hypoxia, MODs (AKI, shocky liver, AMS, hypotension)
  2. How to support pulmonary gas exchange? -- Answer ✔✔ Mechanical ventilation, maintain CO being mindful of fluid overload, prone positioning
  3. What is the benefit of prone positioning? -- Answer ✔✔ Improved dorsal lung expansion, improved alveolar expansion, better disbursement of blood = improved ventilation/perfusion ratios
  4. How to optimize oxygen delivery? -- Answer ✔✔ Immobilize, hypoventilation
  5. How to maintain nutritional balance in the ARDs patient? -- Answer ✔✔ Give trickle feeds, approximately 10 mL/hour
  6. What is the point of trickle feeds? -- Answer ✔✔ To maintain blood flow to the gut so it does not become necrotic. (Nutrition is the a good side effect but not the point of trickle feeds)
  1. How to minimize pain, anxiety, and delirium in the ARDS patient? -- Answer ✔✔ Cluster care, decrease stimulation, medications, no daily sedation vacation if pt is 98% dead
  2. How to promote communication and family support in the ARDs patient? -- Answer ✔✔ Give frequent updates, remind them it is a long process, celebrate small successes (decrease of dosage), educate on the need for low stimuli, yes/no questions for patient
  3. What is the prognosis for ARDS? -- Answer ✔✔ 30 - 40% morality but it depends on the etiology. Morality is higher when caused by sepsis but lower when caused by trauma.
  4. What is post-intensive care (PIC) syndrome? -- Answer ✔✔ A collection of physical, cognitive, and psychological issues that can occur in patients after surviving a critical illness and prolonged stay in the ICU.
  5. What bundle is used to prevent post-intensive care (PIC) syndrome? -- Answer ✔✔ ABCDEF bundle
  6. What does the A stand for in the ABCDEF bundle of PIC syndrome prevention? -- Answer ✔✔ Assess pain and agitation
  7. What does the B stand for in the ABCDEF bundle of PIC syndrome prevention? -- Answer ✔✔ Both SAT/SBT — awake, breath
  8. What does the C stand for in the ABCDEF bundle of PIC syndrome prevention? -- Answer ✔✔ Choice/coordinate — sedation, analgesia
  9. What does the D stand for in the ABCDEF bundle of PIC syndrome prevention? -- Answer ✔✔ Delirium — sleep and wake cycles
  1. What is shunting in ARDs? -- Answer ✔✔ The process where blood passes through the lungs without being oxygenated.
  2. What are the phases of ARDs? -- Answer ✔✔ The first phase is exudative and the second is fibroproliferative
  3. How long does the exudative phase last? -- Answer ✔✔ 1 - 3 days
  4. What occurs during the exudative phase? -- Answer ✔✔ Everything is breaking down and leaking.
  5. How long does the fibroproliferative phase last? -- Answer ✔✔ 3 - 7 days
  6. What occurs in the fibroproliferative phase? -- Answer ✔✔ Lungs begin to stabilize and the body begins to heal
  7. What are the three hallmark signs of ARDs? -- Answer ✔✔ Ground glass opacities on X-ray, decreased lung compliance (increased peak pressures), and persistent hypoxemia even with increased oxygen
  8. Not including the hallmark signs, what are additional clinical manifestations of ARDs? -- Answer ✔✔ Cyanosis, tachypnea, accessory muscle use, cough, sputum, crackles, tachycardia