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NUR 1290 Final Exam Questions and
Answers Rated A+
What Are the Attributes of Being a "Good" Nurse? โโ-caring (show you genuinely care)
- communication skills (speak and listen well)
- emotional stability
- empathy
- problem-solving skills
- attention to detail
4 Pillars of Molloy โโ-studies
- community (participate)
- spirituality (help pt connect w higher being)
- service
Molloy's Humanistic Framework for Nursing โโ-we believe that valuing the individual in the context of humanity, environment, and health gives meaning to humanistic nursing practice
Humanistic Framework of Nursing โโ-valuing
- humanity
- health
- environment
valuing โโ-holding in high esteem the inherent worth and dignity of all individuals
humanity โโ-unique human being, functioning as an integrated whole, reflecting bio-psycho- socio-cultural dimensions
environment โโ-sum total of all internal/external dimensions that influence human beings
health โโ- a dynamic state of bio-psycho-socio-cultural well being
nursing โโ-a science and an art which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of human responses
Early Civilization of Nursing โโ-Egyptian physicians are believed to have specialized in certain diseases
- purity of mind and body
Christianity and Nursing โโ-nursing had a more formal/defined role
- led by belief that love and caring for others is most important
- women: visit sick pts
- men: nursing care and bury dead
- nursing became respected vocation
Middle Ages and Nursing โโ-more hospitals
- nurses delivered custodial care and depended on physicians for direction
- nurse midwifery flourished
Crusades and Nursing โโ-hospitals developed on battlefield
- Knight Hospitaliers = bright red cross
- nursing became a female-dominated proffession encouraged by Catholic Church
15th-19th Century and Nursing โโ-extensive population growth in cities, lack of hygiene and sanitation, increase in poverty = serious health problem
-closure of monasteries and convents = shortage of people to care for sick
-women who committed crimes were able to become nurses instead of serving sentences
Renaissance and Nursing โโ-dark ages of nursing
-average family dreaded hospitals
-limited number of nurses
-limited women's freedom
-doctors did most of nurses jobs
-nurses did majority of cleaning, laundry, and scrubbing
-hospitals were source of epidemics
Nursing Caps โโ-keep hair neat
-caps and aprons = respectability, cleanliness, servitude
Nursing Uniforms โโ-symbolic of servant
-sign of respectability
Nursing Pins โโ-purpose: worn by those who have graduated from nursing school programs
Margaret Sanger โโ-controversial modern nurse
-dedicated to provide legal birth control
-founded Planned Parenthood
Mary Breckinridge โโ-established Frontier Nursing Service in 1925: provided healthcare to women and families in rural Kentucky
-educated as a nurse midwife in England
-started first school of midwifery in the US in 1939
-decreased number of maternal deaths
Lillian Wald โโ-champion of the urban poor
-established Henry Street Settlement in 1893 which became NY Visiting Nursing Services
-pioneer in public health nursing
Isabel Adams Hampton Robb โโ-first president of ANA
-organized Nursing School Superintendents which became the National League of Nurses
-member of committee to form AJN
Susie Walking Bear Yellowtail โโ-helped to end abuses in Indian Health Care System
-decreased death rate of Native American children
-established funding mechanism for education of Native American Nurses
-received Presidents Award in 1992 for outstanding Nursing Healthcare
Virginia A Henderson โโ-wrote the textbook on nursing practice: Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing
-established tools that promoted nursing research = Nursing Studies Index
-considered Florence Nightingale of her time due to work as teacher and researcher
Florence S Wald โโ-credited with development of hospice movement in the US
-developed first program in CT in 1960s
-modeled programs after successful ones in England
American Nurses Association (ANA) โโ-purpose: improve quality of nursing care
-established: 1911
-establishes standards of nursing practice
-publications: NCLEX
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) โโ-purpose: to establish quality standards for bachelors and graduate-degree nursing education, assist deans and directors to implement those standards, influence the nursing profession to improve healthcare and promote public support of bachelors and graduate education, research and practice in nursing
Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing โโ-mission: support and learning, knowledge and professional development of nurses committed to making a difference in health worldwide
-started in 1922 by 6 nursing students at Indiana University
-membership by invitation to undergraduate, graduate, and nurse leaders who demonstrate achievement and excellence
National Student Association โโ-mission: mentors the professional development of future registered nurses and facilitates their entrance into profession of nursing by providing educational resources, leadership opportunities and career guidance
-founded in 1952
-over 53,000 members in 50 states, DC, Guam, PR, and US Virgin Islands
politics โโ-process on influencing the allocation of scarce resources
-art or science of government
-art or science concerned with guiding or influencing governmental policy
-art or science concerned with winning and holding control over a government
lobbying โโ-any effort to influence the decision making individuals who influence our lives
health policy โโ-a set course of action undertaken by governments or health care organizations to obtain a desired health outcome
private health policy โโ-made by health care organizations (such as hospitals and managed care organizations)
public health policy โโ-refers to local, state, and federal legislation, regulation, and court rulings that govern the behavior of individuals and organizations in the provision of healthcare services
local health policy โโ-cities/counties offer healthcare services to meet needs of residents
-reduced infant and newborn mortality
-childbirth was leading cause of mortality for women
-implemented programs to help lower income families
-1st federally funded maternity welfare act
Hill-Burton Act โโ-
-requires healthcare facilities that use federal money to provide free or low cost care to any patient that comes in
Medicare Program โโ-
-people pay into it
-cares for elderly
-pays for hospitalization
-auto enrollment at 65
Renal Disease Program โโ-
-dialysis is covered by medicare and regardless of age
regulation โโ-written set of rules issued by the government agency that has responsibility for administering the new law
Safe Staffing Ratios โโ-establish minimum nurse to patient ratios in all healthcare facilities
-doesn't refer to acuity (a nurse can have 5 vented patients)
-issue for break coverage
Community Paramedicine Bill โโ-poses as a problem because it's vague
-relates to emergency medical providers giving care in circumstances other than emergency medical care and transport
-authorizes EMTs to perform nurse-like duties in non-emergency situations
RN Safe Staffing Act โโ-empowers RNs to drive staffing decisions in hospitals
-increase protections for pts and ensure fair working conditions for nurses
-require hospitals that participate in medicare to publicly report nurse staffing plans for each unit
-limits floating nurses
4 Spheres of Political Action in Nursing โโ-workplace: addresses issues affecting jobs and patient care
-government: addresses laws, rules, and regulations governing nursing practice
-organization: addresses issues which shape nursing practice
-community: addresses issues affecting community health
Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT) โโ-unifies nurses' political voices across the country to enact measures to enhance healthcare for all
-empowers nurses by encouraging them to take action and make sure opinions are heard and understood by Congress and the public
profession โโ-occupation that requires extensive education or specialized training
-a self-selected, self-disciplined group of individuals who hold themselves out to the public as possessing a special skill derived from education and training
-they are prepared to exercise that skill, primarily in the interest of others
basic essentials of a profession โโ-inherit the ideas and ideals of a university
-legal status = exclusive right of performance
-internal policing
-motivation off service to society should be properly rewarded
-conscience of individual member with a personal sense of dedication to society
licensure โโ-legal authority to practice a profession in the US comes from each state or territorial government
-most restrictive form of professional regulation where regulated activities are complex, requiring specialized knowledge and independent decision-making
Certification โโ-usually a voluntary professional credential that recognizes a professional has passed a certification exam given by a private agency
First Board of Nursing โโ-
-includes: NC, NY, NJ, VA
NY was first state to: โโ-define a scope of practice and adopt a mandatory licensure law (1983)
State Board of Nursing Functions โโ-protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public
-write administrative rules
Components of Nursing Practice Act: Purpose of Act โโ-statements that refer to protecting the health and safety of the citizens in the jurisdiction
-qualifications and responsibilities of those individuals covered by the regulations
-delineates those excluded from practice of nursing
-protects title of RN
Definition of Nursing Scope of Practice โโ-details the extent of nursing practice within each state
-individualized for each state
-avoids details of procedures to allow for growth
-advanced practice act may be separate from registered nurse
Licensure Requirements โโ-indicates what is necessary to apply for entry into the profession
-lays out the procedures for initial licensure
-reciprocity needs from state to state
-permits
-NCLEX-RN exam
-renewals
A NYS nurse may: โโ-diagnose and treat a pt's unique responses to diagnose health problems
-perform health assessments to identify new symptoms of possibly undiagnosed conditions or complications
-teach and counsel pts about maintenance of health and prevention of illness or complications
-execute medical regimens as prescribed by licensed professionals
-contribute as members of an interdisciplinary healthcare team and as consultants on health related committees to plan and implement the healthcare needs of consumers
licensure requirements (general) โโ-application
-education
-experience
-examination
-age
-citizenship
-character
-fees
