NU 674 PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTHCARE II REVIEW EXAM Q & A 2024, Exams of Nursing

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NU 67 4

Psychiatric Mental

Healthcare II Review

Exam

Q & A

1. A 25-year-old patient presents with symptoms of acute anxiety and has a history of generalized anxiety disorder. Which of the following interventions should be prioritized? A) Immediate administration of anxiolytics B) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) C) Safety and risk assessment D) Referral to a psychiatric specialist Answer: C - Safety and risk assessment should be prioritized to ensure the patient does not pose a danger to themselves or others.
2. A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder is experiencing a manic episode. What is an essential component of care management for this patient? A) Encouraging participation in group activities B) Monitoring for mood swings and sleep patterns C) Providing a quiet and low-stimulus environment D) Initiating a high-calorie diet Answer: B - Monitoring for mood swings and sleep patterns is crucial in managing bipolar disorder to prevent escalation of symptoms.
3. When planning care for a patient with chronic schizophrenia, which goal is most appropriate? A) Complete remission of symptoms B) Improvement in social functioning C) Patient expresses feelings more openly D) Patient adheres to medication regimen Answer: D - Ensuring the patient adheres to their medication regimen is vital for managing schizophrenia symptoms.
4. A geriatric patient with depression and dementia is refusing to eat. Which intervention should be implemented first? A) Nutritional counseling B) Antidepressant medication adjustment C) Evaluation by a speech therapist D) Scheduled family meal times Answer: B - Antidepressant medication adjustment may be necessary as depression can lead to decreased appetite, especially in dementia patients.

2. When assessing an elderly patient with depression, which of the following symptoms would be most concerning for suicide risk? A. Withdrawal from social activities B. Loss of appetite C. Insomnia D. Feelings of hopelessness Answer: D. Feelings of hopelessness Rationale: Feelings of hopelessness are a significant risk factor for suicidal behavior in elderly patients with depression.
3. Which of the following medications is commonly used to manage acute agitation in patients with bipolar disorder? A. Risperidone B. Fluoxetine C. Lorazepam D. Lithium Answer: C. Lorazepam Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can help calm patients experiencing acute agitation.
4. In a child with ADHD, which type of therapy is most commonly recommended as a first-line treatment? A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy B. Play therapy C. Parent training D. Dialectical behavior therapy Answer: C. Parent training Rationale: Parent training is often recommended as a first-line treatment for children with ADHD.
5. When managing a patient with chronic schizophrenia, which of the following interventions is most important for promoting medication adherence? A. Encouraging social support B. Providing psychoeducation C. Implementing cognitive-behavioral therapy D. Monitoring for side effects

Answer: B. Providing psychoeducation Rationale: Psychoeducation can help patients understand the importance of medication adherence in managing their symptoms.

6. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans? A. Nightmares B. Hypervigilance C. Intrusive thoughts D. Manic episodes Answer: D. Manic episodes Rationale: Manic episodes are more commonly associated with bipolar disorder, not PTSD.
7. When assessing a patient with dementia, which of the following is most important to consider in developing a care plan? A. Medication management B. Cognitive abilities C. Physical activity D. Social support Answer: B. Cognitive abilities Rationale: Understanding the patient's cognitive abilities is critical for developing a tailored care plan for dementia management.
8. Which of the following is a key component of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in managing patients with borderline personality disorder? A. Mindfulness B. Exposure therapy C. Relaxation techniques D. Assertiveness training Answer: A. Mindfulness Rationale: Mindfulness is a core component of DBT, helping patients regulate their emotions and improve distress tolerance.
9. During a crisis intervention with a patient experiencing acute suicidal ideation, which of the following is the nurse's priority? A. Establishing safety B. Assessing for risk factors

which of the following interventions is most important? A. Setting boundaries B. Encouraging physical activity C. Limiting stimuli D. Providing structure Answer: D. Providing structure Rationale: Providing structure can help patients in a manic episode maintain a sense of stability and routine.

14. When developing a discharge plan for a patient with schizophrenia, which of the following community resources should be considered? A. Homeless shelters B. Vocational rehabilitation programs C. Substance abuse treatment centers D. Group homes Answer: B. Vocational rehabilitation programs Rationale: Vocational rehabilitation programs can help patients with schizophrenia reintegrate into the community and maintain employment.
15. Which of the following is a key component of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in managing patients with anxiety disorders? A. Relaxation techniques B. Exposure therapy C. Mindfulness D. Assertiveness training Answer: B. Exposure therapy Rationale: Exposure therapy is a key component of CBT for anxiety disorders, helping patients confront and overcome their fears.
16. In managing a patient with anorexia nervosa, which of the following nutritional interventions is most important? A. Calorie counting B. Portion control C. Balanced meal planning D. Weight monitoring Answer: C. Balanced meal planning Rationale: Balanced meal planning is essential in managing malnutrition and promoting recovery in patients with anorexia nervosa.

17. When assessing a patient with borderline personality disorder, which of the following behaviors may be indicative of self-harming tendencies? A. Avoidant behaviors B. Impulsive behaviors C. Attention-seeking behaviors D. Withdrawn behaviors Answer: B. Impulsive behaviors Rationale: Impulsive behaviors, such as self-harm, are common in patients with borderline personality disorder.
18. Which of the following is a key component of crisis intervention for patients experiencing acute stress or trauma? A. Goal setting B. Problem-solving C. Safety planning D. Role-playing Answer: C. Safety planning Rationale: Safety planning is a critical component of crisis intervention to ensure the patient's immediate safety.
19. When assessing a patient with agoraphobia, which of the following interventions is most important for managing avoidance behaviors? A. Exposure therapy B. Relaxation techniques C. Cognitive restructuring D. Mindfulness Answer: A. Exposure therapy Rationale: Exposure therapy is effective in helping patients with agoraphobia confront and overcome their avoidance behaviors.
20. Which of the following is a common symptom of postpartum depression in women? A. Excessive happiness B. Panic attacks C. Delusions D. Suicidal ideation Answer: D. Suicidal ideation

B. Respiratory depression C. Memory impairment D. Weight loss Answer: C. Memory impairment Rationale: Long-term benzodiazepine use can lead to cognitive impairments, including memory deficits.

25. In managing a patient with substance use disorder and comorbid personality disorder, which of the following interventions may be most effective in promoting long-term recovery? A. Group therapy B. Relapse prevention skills training C. Medication management D. Family therapy Answer: B. Relapse prevention skills training Rationale: Relapse prevention skills training can help patients build coping strategies and maintain sobriety in the long term. Question: Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of major depressive disorder in adolescents? A: Increased energy levels B: Irritability and anger C: Grandiosity and euphoria D: Racing thoughts Answer: B: Irritability and anger Rationale: Adolescents with major depressive disorder often exhibit irritability and anger rather than expressing sadness or low mood. Question: What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for generalized anxiety disorder? A: Benzodiazepines B: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) C: Atypical antipsychotics D: Tricyclic antidepressants Answer: B: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Rationale: SSRIs are considered the first-line pharmacological treatment for generalized anxiety disorder due to their efficacy and favorable side effect profile. Question: Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia? A: Hypomanic episodes B: Delusions and hallucinations C: Social anxiety D: Panic attacks Answer: B: Delusions and hallucinations Rationale: Delusions and hallucinations are characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia, differentiating it from other psychiatric disorders. Question: What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? A: Eliminating all obsessive thoughts B: Reducing compulsive behaviors C: Increasing insight into the disorder D: Enhancing social skills Answer: B: Reducing compulsive behaviors Rationale: The primary goal of CBT for OCD is to reduce the frequency and intensity of the compulsive behaviors associated with the disorder. Question: Which of the following is a common side effect of long-term treatment with typical antipsychotic medications? A: Weight loss B: Extrapyramidal symptoms C: Sedation D: Sexual dysfunction Answer: B: Extrapyramidal symptoms Rationale: Long-term use of typical antipsychotic medications is associated with the development of extrapyramidal symptoms, such as dystonia, akathisia, and parkinsonism.

B: Thyroid dysfunction C: Hyperglycemia D: Hepatotoxicity Answer: B: Thyroid dysfunction Rationale: Lithium therapy is associated with the development of thyroid dysfunction, including hypothyroidism and goiter, requiring close monitoring of thyroid function. Question: What is the primary pharmacological treatment for bipolar I disorder during the acute manic phase? A: Lithium B: Valproate C: Atypical antipsychotics D: Benzodiazepines Answer: C: Atypical antipsychotics Rationale: Atypical antipsychotic medications are often used as the primary pharmacological treatment for bipolar I disorder during the acute manic phase due to their rapid onset of action and mood-stabilizing effects. Question: Which of the following symptoms is indicative of a potential adverse effect of clozapine therapy? A: Urinary retention B: Agranulocytosis C: Hypoglycemia D: Hypertensive crisis Answer: B: Agranulocytosis Rationale: Clozapine therapy is associated with the development of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a severe decrease in the number of white blood cells. Question: What is the primary goal of family therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder? A: Resolving interpersonal conflicts B: Enhancing communication skills

C: Establishing healthy boundaries D: Improving emotion regulation Answer: C: Establishing healthy boundaries Rationale: The primary goal of family therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder is to establish healthy boundaries and promote effective communication within the family unit. Question: Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans? A: Hypervigilance and startle response B: Disorganized speech and behavior C: Emotional blunting and apathy D: Manic episodes Answer: A: Hypervigilance and startle response Rationale: Veterans with PTSD often experience hypervigilance and an exaggerated startle response as part of their symptomatology, reflecting their heightened arousal and reactivity to trauma-related stimuli. Question: What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal syndrome? A: Administering benzodiazepines B: Encouraging increased fluid intake C: Implementing behavior modification techniques D: Providing cognitive restructuring therapy Answer: A: Administering benzodiazepines Rationale: The primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing alcohol withdrawal syndrome involves administering benzodiazepines to prevent the progression of withdrawal symptoms and potential complications, such as seizures and delirium tremens. Question: Which of the following is a common symptom of dementia with Lewy bodies? A: Visual hallucinations B: Impaired judgment and insight C: Apathy and indifference

Answer: B: Administering antipsychotic medication Rationale: The primary nursing intervention for a patient with schizophrenia experiencing auditory hallucinations involves administering antipsychotic medication to alleviate the distressing symptoms and promote stabilization. Question: Which of the following is a potential side effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? A: Long-term memory loss B: Hypertensive crisis C: Metabolic acidosis D: Prolonged sedation Answer: A: Long-term memory loss Rationale: Long-term memory loss is a potential side effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), necessitating careful consideration of the risks and benefits of this treatment modality. Question: What is the primary goal of psychoeducation for families of patients with schizophrenia? A: Reducing family conflict B: Enhancing medication adherence C: Improving communication skills D: Addressing stigma and discrimination Answer: B: Enhancing medication adherence Rationale: The primary goal of psychoeducation for families of patients with schizophrenia is to enhance medication adherence and promote a supportive environment for the individual's treatment and recovery. Question: Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of long- term treatment with benzodiazepines? A: Hepatotoxicity B: Respiratory depression C: Orthostatic hypotension D: Tolerance and dependence

Answer: D: Tolerance and dependence Rationale: Long-term treatment with benzodiazepines is associated with the development of tolerance and dependence, necessitating cautious use and close monitoring to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Question: What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa? A: Monitoring electrolyte levels B: Encouraging self-induced vomiting C: Implementing strict dietary restrictions D: Addressing body image distortions Answer: A: Monitoring electrolyte levels Rationale: The primary nursing intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa involves monitoring electrolyte levels, particularly potassium, to assess and manage potential imbalances resulting from purging behaviors. Question: Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children? A: Impaired executive functioning B: Difficulty with social reciprocity C: Impulsivity and hyperactivity D: Emotional dysregulation Answer: B: Difficulty with social reciprocity Rationale: Difficulty with social reciprocity, including challenges in initiating and maintaining social interactions, is a characteristic symptom of autism spectrum disorder in children. Question: What is the primary goal of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for patients with borderline personality disorder? A: Reducing self-injurious behaviors B: Enhancing cognitive restructuring C: Addressing maladaptive interpersonal patterns D: Increasing insight into the disorder Answer: A: Reducing self-injurious behaviors Rationale: The primary goal of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for