NU 670 ADVANCED PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY REVIEW EXAM Q & A 2024 HERZING, Exams of Nursing

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NU 670

Advanced

Psychopharmacology

Review Exam

Q & A

1. Which medication is considered first-line treatment for a client diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder? A) Lithium B) Sertraline C) Risperidone D) Phenelzine Answer: B) Sertraline Rationale: Sertraline is an SSRI, which is commonly used as a first-line treatment for depression due to its efficacy and relatively favorable side effect profile.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia. Which antipsychotic medication would require regular blood tests to monitor for agranulocytosis? A) Aripiprazole B) Clozapine C) Olanzapine D) Quetiapine Answer: B) Clozapine Rationale: Clozapine can cause agranulocytosis, a potentially life- threatening reduction in white blood cells, necessitating regular monitoring of blood counts.
3. When educating a client about the use of mood stabilizers such as lithium, what is an important aspect to emphasize regarding dietary intake? A) Increase calcium-rich foods. B) Maintain consistent sodium intake. C) Avoid foods containing tyramine. D) Restrict fluid intake. Answer: B) Maintain consistent sodium intake. Rationale: Lithium levels can be affected by sodium intake; therefore, clients should maintain a consistent level of sodium to prevent lithium toxicity.
4. A client with Bipolar I Disorder is prescribed valproate. What is a critical lab value to monitor? A) Liver function tests

1. Which of the following neurotransmitters is commonly targeted in the treatment of depression? A. Dopamine B. Serotonin C. Acetylcholine D. GABA Answer: B. Serotonin Rationale: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used in the treatment of depression, as serotonin plays a key role in regulating mood.
2. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of psychosis, such as hallucinations and delusions? A. Benzodiazepines B. Antipsychotics C. Mood stabilizers D. Antidepressants Answer: B. Antipsychotics Rationale: Antipsychotic medications work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, helping to alleviate symptoms of psychosis.
3. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of ADHD in children? A. Ritalin B. Xanax C. Prozac D. Zoloft Answer: A. Ritalin Rationale: Ritalin is a stimulant medication commonly used to treat symptoms of ADHD by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain.

4. Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of anxiety disorders? A. Prozac B. Lexapro C. Xanax D. Zyprexa Answer: C. Xanax Rationale: Xanax is a benzodiazepine medication commonly used to treat symptoms of anxiety disorders by enhancing the effects of GABA in the brain.
5. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of bipolar disorder? A. Lithium B. Prozac C. Zoloft D. Abilify Answer: A. Lithium Rationale: Lithium is a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder to help stabilize mood swings.
6. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of PTSD and panic disorder? A. SSRIs B. Antipsychotics C. Benzodiazepines D. Mood stabilizers Answer: A. SSRIs Rationale: SSRIs are commonly used in the treatment of PTSD and panic disorder to help regulate serotonin levels in the brain.
7. Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD)? A. Zoloft B. Xanax

social anxiety disorder to help alleviate symptoms of anxiety in social situations.

11. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of ADHD in adults? A. Adderall B. Valium C. Prozac D. Abilify Answer: A. Adderall Rationale: Adderall is a stimulant medication commonly used to treat symptoms of ADHD in adults by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain.
12. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of eating disorders? A. SSRIs B. Benzodiazepines C. Mood stabilizers D. Atypical antipsychotics Answer: D. Atypical antipsychotics Rationale: Atypical antipsychotics are commonly used in the treatment of eating disorders to help regulate mood and appetite.
13. Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of insomnia? A. Ambien B. Klonopin C. Cymbalta D. Geodon Answer: A. Ambien Rationale: Ambien is a sedative-hypnotic medication commonly used in the treatment of insomnia to help improve sleep onset and maintenance.
14. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of substance use disorders?

A. Naltrexone B. Zyprexa C. Prozac D. Paxil Answer: A. Naltrexone Rationale: Naltrexone is a medication commonly used in the treatment of substance use disorders to help reduce cravings and prevent relapse.

15. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of personality disorders? A. Antipsychotics B. SSRIs C. Mood stabilizers D. Benzodiazepines Answer: C. Mood stabilizers Rationale: Mood stabilizers are commonly used in the treatment of personality disorders to help regulate mood swings and impulsive behaviors.
16. Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of postpartum depression? A. Prozac B. Lexapro C. Zoloft D. Wellbutrin Answer: C. Zoloft Rationale: Zoloft is an SSRI medication commonly used in the treatment of postpartum depression to help regulate mood.
17. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of seasonal affective disorder (SAD)? A. Risperidone B. Effexor C. Celexa D. Lamictal

Tourette syndrome to help reduce tics and improve impulse control.

21. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? A. SSRIs B. Atypical antipsychotics C. Stimulants D. Mood stabilizers Answer: B. Atypical antipsychotics Rationale: Atypical antipsychotics are commonly used in the treatment of ASD to help manage symptoms such as aggression and irritability.
22. Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD)? A. Lithium B. Celexa C. Klonopin D. Geodon Answer: A. Lithium Rationale: Lithium is a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of BPD to help regulate mood swings and impulsive behaviors.
23. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD)? A. Prozac B. Ativan C. Risperidone D. Xanax Answer: C. Risperidone Rationale: Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used in the treatment of HPPD to help manage symptoms such as visual disturbances.
24. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)?

A. SSRIs B. Antipsychotics C. Stimulants D. Mood stabilizers Answer: C. Stimulants Rationale: Stimulant medications are commonly used in the treatment of ODD to help improve attention and impulse control.

25. Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of dissociative identity disorder (DID)? A. Zoloft B. Abilify C. Lamictal D. Risperidone Answer: D. Risperidone Rationale: Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used in the treatment of DID to help manage symptoms of dissociation and mood instability. Question: Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)? A) Dopamine B) Serotonin C) Norepinephrine D) GABA Answer: B) Serotonin Rationale: SSRIs work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin, increasing its availability in the synaptic cleft and thus alleviating symptoms of depression and anxiety. Question: What is the mechanism of action of lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder? A) Inhibits dopamine release

Question: What is the primary role of anticholinergic medications in the treatment of Parkinson's disease? A) Increasing dopamine release B) Inhibiting acetylcholine activity C) Enhancing GABA transmission D) Blocking glutamate receptors Answer: B) Inhibiting acetylcholine activity Rationale: Anticholinergic medications help rebalance the dopamine- acetylcholine ratio in the basal ganglia, alleviating motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Question: Which of the following is a common side effect of long-term treatment with typical antipsychotic medications? A) Weight gain B) Tardive dyskinesia C) Insomnia D) Hypotension Answer: B) Tardive dyskinesia Rationale: Long-term use of typical antipsychotics can lead to the development of tardive dyskinesia, a potentially irreversible movement disorder. Question: What is the primary action of selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in the treatment of depression? A) Increasing norepinephrine and dopamine levels B) Blocking serotonin reuptake C) Enhancing GABAergic transmission D) Modulating glutamate receptors Answer: A) Increasing norepinephrine and dopamine levels Rationale: SNRIs work by blocking the reuptake of both norepinephrine and dopamine, thereby increasing their availability in the synaptic cleft. Question: Which class of medications is commonly used to prevent migraines by affecting serotonin receptors? A) Beta-blockers B) Anticonvulsants C) Triptans

D) NSAIDs Answer: C) Triptans Rationale: Triptans work by stimulating serotonin receptors in the brain, leading to vasoconstriction and reduction of pain associated with migraines. Question: In the treatment of schizophrenia, what is the primary function of second-generation antipsychotic medications? A) Blocking serotonin receptors B) Antagonizing dopamine receptors C) Potentiating GABA transmission D) Modulating glutamate levels Answer: D) Modulating glutamate levels Rationale: Second-generation antipsychotics modulate glutamate levels in addition to their effects on dopamine and serotonin, contributing to their efficacy in treating schizophrenia. Question: What is the primary pharmacological action of buspirone in the management of generalized anxiety disorder? A) Enhancing serotonin release B) Activating dopamine receptors C) Agonizing GABA receptors D) Stimulating serotonin receptors Answer: D) Stimulating serotonin receptors Rationale: Buspirone acts as a partial agonist at serotonin receptors, leading to its anxiolytic effects in generalized anxiety disorder. Question: Which class of medications is commonly used as a first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? A) SSRIs B) Benzodiazepines C) Antipsychotics D) Tricyclic antidepressants Answer: A) SSRIs Rationale: SSRIs are often the first choice for managing OCD due to their efficacy in reducing obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. Question: What is the primary mechanism of action of methylphenidate in

Answer: B) SSRIs Rationale: SSRIs are often prescribed for PTSD to modulate norepinephrine and serotonin levels, reducing hyperarousal and intrusive symptoms. Question: What is the primary pharmacological effect of varenicline in the treatment of nicotine dependence? A) Agonizes nicotine receptors B) Antagonizes dopamine receptors C) Inhibits acetylcholine activity D) Enhances GABA transmission Answer: A) Agonizes nicotine receptors Rationale: Varenicline acts as a partial agonist at nicotine receptors, reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings associated with smoking cessation. Question: Which medication is commonly used to manage acute mania in clients with bipolar disorder? A) Valproate B) Carbamazepine C) Ziprasidone D) Olanzapine Answer: D) Olanzapine Rationale: Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is effective in managing acute mania due to its mood-stabilizing and sedative properties. Question: What is the primary action of modafinil in the treatment of narcolepsy? A) Stimulating dopamine release B) Inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake C) Enhancing GABAergic transmission D) Blocking histamine receptors Answer: A) Stimulating dopamine release Rationale: Modafinil increases the release of dopamine, leading to improved wakefulness and reduced excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy. Question: Which class of medications is commonly used to manage

symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder by potentiating the effects of GABA? A) SSRIs B) Benzodiazepines C) Antipsychotics D) Tricyclic antidepressants Answer: B) Benzodiazepines Rationale: Benzodiazepines potentiate the effects of GABA, leading to their anxiolytic and sedative properties in the management of generalized anxiety disorder. Question: What is the primary mechanism of action of bupropion in the treatment of depression and smoking cessation? A) Blocks norepinephrine reuptake B) Inhibits dopamine reuptake C) Agonizes serotonin receptors D) Modulates glutamate levels Answer: B) Inhibits dopamine reuptake Rationale: Bupropion inhibits the reuptake of dopamine, contributing to its antidepressant effects and aiding in smoking cessation by reducing nicotine cravings. Question: Which medication is commonly used to manage symptoms of social anxiety disorder by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors? A) Propranolol B) Paroxetine C) Lamotrigine D) Risperidone Answer: A) Propranolol Rationale: Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is often used to manage performance anxiety and situational symptoms of social anxiety disorder by blocking the effects of adrenaline. Question: What is the primary pharmacological action of memantine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease? A) Enhances acetylcholine transmission B) Blocks glutamate receptors C) Stimulates dopamine release