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NSG124/ NSG 124 Exam 2: (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Pharmacology Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| A Grade – Herzing
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What two drugs are prescribed for TB? Answer: Rifampin and Isoniazid
When should you test for effectiveness of TB drugs? Answer: After 6 months of treatment
What is the most important thing to educate patients with the two drug regimen for TB? Answer: Take them BOTH for the full 6 months!
Drug Regimen for TB Answer: Active TB- Both drugs 6 months Latent TB- 1 drug for 6 months
Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer:
What are nursing considerations for Rifampin? Hepatotoxicity
What is one IMPORTANT thing to educate patient when taking TB Drugs?! Pee and Sweat may turn orange, and they may experience flu like symptoms!
Who must you not give Fluoroquinolone to? Patients with tendinitis or tendon rupture or patients with renal transplants
Name an antifungal drug amphotericin B
How is amphotericin B administered? IV only
Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer:
What is onset for rapid acting? 5 - 30 mins
What is peak for rapid acting? 30 - 90 mins
Patients who are given rapid acting insulin is at risk for..... Hypoglycemia
name the regular insulins Humulin R, Novolin R
What is the onset for short insulins? 30 - 60 mins
Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer:
What is the peak for short insulins? 2 - 4 hours
How is regular insulin administered? IV or SQ
What are intermediate insulins? Humulin N, Novolin N
What is the onset for intermediate insulin? 1 - 2 hours
What is the peak for intermediate insulin? 4 - 12 hours
What are the side effects of metformin? Answer: nausea, potential for lactic acidosis
What important nursing consideration when giving metformin? Answer: This medication is not metabolized and can be toxic to the kidneys! If patient has to have CT/Contrast withhold this drug for 48HRS.
What hormone is produced in patients with overgrowth? Answer: Growth Hormone
What drug is used to treat HYPOthyroidism? Answer: levothyroxine
What drug is used to treat HYPERthyroidism? Answer: methimazole
Signs of HYPOthyroidism Answer:
Signs of HYPERthyroidism Answer:
How do you confirm a bacteria before giving an antibiotic? Answer: Obtain cultures!
Prophylactic reasons for antibiotics Answer: Surgery, Bacterial Endocarditis, and Neutropenia
Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Fever/Chills, hypotension, rapid heartbeat, redness or rash on back of neck, itchy red blotches, and muscle weakness.
Who must you never give tetracyclines to? Children under 8!
What are tetracyclines used to treat? Acne, and whopping cough
Most common macrolide? Azithromycin (Z-pack)
What are macrolides used to treat? pertussis, diptheria, chlamydia and pneumonia
What is a adverse effect of macrolide?
Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: Prolonged QT intervals
Which drug is an alternative to penicillin and used to treat abdominal and pelvic infections? Clindamycin
What is used to treat C. Diff? vancomycin or metronidazole
What is a the most important nursing consideration with aminoglycosides? Check Trough 30 mins before, hang medication, get peak 30 mins after, and adjust if necessary
What does Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim create? Bactrim
What is Bactrim used to treat? UTI
What are the K+ sparing diuretics? Answer: spironolactone (and eplerenone) triamterene amiloride
What is K+ sparing diuretics used to treat? Answer: Hypertension Edema HYPOkalemia
What patient education is important with K+ sparing drugs?! Answer: AVOID EATING FOODS HIGH WITH POTASSIUM Signs of hyperkalemia
Most common type of loop diuretic? Answer: Furosemide (Lasix)
What are loop diuretics used for?
Answer: Answer: Answer: Answer: CHF, renal disease, hypertensive crisis, pulmonary edema
How do you reverse hyperkalemia in K+ sparing drugs? Stop giving the drug
What are the thiazide diuretics? hydrochlorothiazide
What are thiazide diuretics used for? Used for peripheral edema & HTN
What is Agromegaly? Too much growth hormone causes body to continue to grow
What is the antidote for acromegaly? Answer:
5th generation- CEFTAROLINE
Why are there 5 generations of cephalosporins? Answer: Each generation gets stronger
What are the signs and symptoms of ototoxicity? Answer: Tinnitus (ringing in the ears), dizziness, roaring in the ears, vertigo, mild to severe loss of hearing
Red Man Syndrome is associated with? Answer: Vancomycin
If a patient is loosing water and electrolytes what is the order of interventions? Answer: Give water, Give Isotonic Solution (Normal Saline), if no change give HYPOtonic solution.
What must you check before administering Bactrim? Answer:
Sulfa Allergy
Why can you not give Bactrim to pregnant women? Answer: Trimethoprim is fatal to the fetus
Which generation of cephalosporins is used to treat STD's? Answer: 3rd generation- Ceftriaxone!!!!