Download NSG 6420 Final Exam: Key Medical Diagnostics Concepts and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NSG 6420 Final Exam Questions with Complete
Solutions Graded A+
It is important to not dilate the eye if ____ is suspected. Question 50 options: a) Cataract b) Macular degeneration c) Acute closed-angle glaucoma d) Chronic open-angle glaucoma Save Question 51 (1 point) 51 Your patient has been treated for glaucoma for 5 years. Which of the following will provide indication of the level of progression during the funduscopic examination for this patient? Question 51 options: Checking the macula Estimating cup-to-disk ratio Verifying a red reflex Extraocular movements Save Question 52 (1 point)
The most common cause of eye redness is: Question 52 options: a) Conjunctivitis b) Acute glaucoma c) Head trauma d) Corneal abrasion Save Question 53 (1 point) 53 A patient presents with eye redness, scant discharge, and a gritty sensation. Your examination reveals the palpable preauricular nodes, which are most likely with: Question 53 options: a) Bacterial conjunctivitis b) Allergic conjunctivitis c) Chemical conjunctivitis d) Viral conjunctivitis Save Question 54 (1 point) 54 In assessing the eyes, which of the following is considered a “red flag” finding when associated with eye redness? Question 54 options:
a) Sinus pain, increased vascular permeability, and bronchodilation b) Bronchospasm, vascular permeability, and vasodilatation c) Contraction of smooth muscle, decreased vascular permeability, and vasoconstriction d) Vasodilatation, bronchodilation, and increased vascular permeability Save Question 57 (1 point) 57 You have a patient complaining of vertigo and want to know what could be the cause. Knowing there are many causes for vertigo, you question the length of time the sensation lasts. She tells you several hours to days and is accompanied by tinnitus and hearing loss. You suspect which of the following conditions? Question 57 options: a) Ménière’s disease b) Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo c) Transient ischemic attack (TIA) d) Migraine Save Question 58 (1 point) 58 In examining the mouth of an older adult with a history of smoking, the nurse practitioner finds a suspicious oral lesion. The patient has been referred for a
biopsy to be sent for pathology. Which is the most common oral precancerous lesion? Question 58 options: a) Fictional keratosis b) Keratoacanthoma c) Lichen planus d) Leukoplakia Save Question 59 (1 point) 59 Rheumatic heart disease is a complication that can arise from which type of infection? Question 59 options: a) Epstein-Barr virus b) Diphtheria c) Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus d) Streptococcus pneumoniae Save Question 60 (1 point) 60
A 66-year-old patient presents to the clinic complaining of dyspnea and wheezing. The patient reports a smoking history of 2 packs of cigarettes per day since age
- This would be recorded in the chart as: Question 62 options: a) 50 x 2-pack years b) 100-pack years c) 50-year, 2-pack history d) 100-pack history Save Question 63 (1 point) 63 Emphysematous changes in the lungs produce the following characteristic in COPD patients? Question 63 options: a) Asymmetric chest expansion b) Increased lateral diameter c) Increased anterior-posterior diameter d) Pectus excavatum Save Question 64 (1 point) 64
When palpating the posterior chest, the clinician notes increased tactile fremitus over the left lower lobe. This can be indicative of pneumonia. Areas of increased fremitus should raise the suspicion of conditions resulting in increased solidity or consolidation in the underlying lung tissue, such as in pneumonia, tumor, or pulmonary fibrosis. In the instance of an extensive bronchial obstruction: Question 64 options: a) No palpable vibration is felt b) Decreased fremitus is felt c) Increased fremitus is felt d) Vibration is referred to the non-obstructed lobe Save Question 65 (1 point) 65 During physical examination of a patient, you note resonance on percussion in the upper lung fields. This is consistent with: Question 65 options: a) COPD b) Pneumothorax c) A normal finding d) Pleural effusion Save Question 66 (1 point)
Question 67 (1 point) 67 Upon assessment of respiratory excursion, the clinician notes asymmetric expansion of the chest. One side expands greater than the other. This could be due to: Question 67 options: a) Pneumothorax b) Pleural effusion c) Pneumonia d) Pulmonary embolism Save Question 68 (1 point) 68 A 72-year-old woman and her husband are on a cross-country driving vacation. After a long day of driving, they stop for dinner. Midway through the meal, the woman becomes very short of breath, with chest pain and a feeling of panic. Which of the following problems is most likely? Question 68 options: a) Pulmonary edema b) Heart failure c) Pulmonary embolism d) Pneumonia Save Question 69 (1 point)
A 26-year-old, non-smoker, male presented to your clinic with SOB with exertion. This could be due to: Question 69 options: a) Exercise-induced cough b) Bronchiectasis c) Alpha-1 deficiency d) Pericarditis Save Question 70 (1 point) 70 A cough is described as chronic if it has been present for: Question 70 options: a) 2 weeks or more b) 8 weeks or more c) 3 months or more d) 6 months or more Save Question 71 (1 point) 71 Which of the following medications are commonly associated with the side effect of cough?
c) Tachypnea greater than 30 breaths/minute d) Productive cough Save Question 74 (1 point) 74 The most common etiologic organism for community-acquired pneumonia is: Question 74 options: a) Streptococcus pneumoniae b) Beta hemolytic streptococcus c) Mycoplasma d) Methicillin resistant staphylococcus Save Question 75 (1 point) 75 A 75-year-old patient with community-acquired pneumonia presents with chills, productive cough, temperature of 102.1, pulse 100, respiration 18, BP 90/52, WBC 12,000, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 22 mg/dl. He has a history of mild dementia and his mental status is unchanged from his last visit. These findings indicate that the patient: Question 75 options: a) Can be treated as an outpatient b) Requires hospitalization for treatment c) Requires a high dose of parenteral antibiotic
d) Can be treated with oral antibiotics Save Question 76 (1 point) 76 Which of the following is considered a “red flag” when diagnosing a patient with pneumonia? Question 76 options: a) Fever of 102 b) Infiltrates on chest X-ray c) Pleural effusion on chest X-ray d) Elevated white blood cell count Save Question 77 (1 point) 77 A 23-year-old patient who has had bronchiectasis since childhood is likely to have which of the following: Question 77 options: d) Prolonged capillary refill Save Question 78 (1 point) c) Pectus excavatum b) Clubbing a) Barrel-shaped chest
Question 80 (1 point) 80 A 24-year-old patient presents to the emergency department after sustaining multiple traumatic injuries after a motorcycle accident. Upon examination, you note tachypnea, use of intercostal muscles to breathe, asymmetric chest expansion, and no breath sounds over the left lower lobe. It is most important to suspect: Question 80 options: a) Pulmonary embolism b) Pleural effusion c) Pneumothorax d) Fracture of ribs Save Question 81 (1 point) 81 Which of the following is the most important question to ask during cardiovascular health history? Question 81 options: a) Number of offspring b) Last physical exam c) Sudden death of a family member d) Use of caffeine Save Question 82 (1 point)
Aortic regurgitation requires medical treatment for early signs of CHF with: Question 82 options: a) Beta blockers b) ACE inhibitors c) Surgery d) Hospitalization Save Question 83 (1 point) 83 A key symptom of ischemic heart disease is chest pain. However, angina equivalents may include exertional dyspnea. Angina equivalents are important because: Question 83 options: a) Women with ischemic heart disease many times do not present with chest pain b) Some patients may have no symptoms or atypical symptoms; diagnosis may only be made at the time of an actual myocardial infarction c) Elderly patients have the most severe symptoms d) A & B only Save Question 84 (1 point)
Jenny is a 24 year old graduate student that presents to the clinic today with complaints of fever, midsternal chest pain and generalized fatigue for the past two days. She denies any cough or sputum production. She states that when she takes Ibuprofen and rest that the chest pain does seem to ease off. Upon examination the patient presents looking very ill. She is leaning forward and states that this is the most comfortable position for her. Temp is 102. BP= 100/70. Heart rate is 120/min and regular. Upon auscultation a friction rub is audible. Her lung sounds are clear. With these presenting symptoms your initial diagnosis would be: Question 86 options: a) Mitral Valve Prolapse b) Referred Pain from Cholecystitis c) Pericarditis d) Pulmonary Embolus Save Question 87 (1 point) 87 Which symptom is more characteristic of Non-Cardiac chest pain? Question 87 options: a) Pain often radiates to the neck, jaw, epigastrium, shoulder, or arm b) Pain tends to occur with movement, stretching or palpation c) Pain usually lasts less than 10 minutes and is relieved by nitroglycerine d) Pain is aggravated by exertion or stress Save Question 88 (1 point)
What is the most common valvular heart disease in the older adult? Question 88 options: a) Aortic regurgitation b) Aortic stenosis c) Mitral regurgitation d) Mitral stenosis Save Question 89 (1 point) 89 Mr. A presents to your office complaining of chest pain, mid-sternal and radiating to his back. He was mowing his lawn. He reports the pain lasting for about 8 minutes and went away after sitting down. What is his most likely diagnosis based on his presenting symptoms? Question 89 options: Question 90 (1 point) 90 Save d) Angina c) Pneumonia b) GERD a) Acute MI
