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NSG 3100 EXAM 3 2025 | ALL QUESTIONS
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You are instructing a patient on a sterile urine collection. Which statement would indicate the need for further instruction? a. "I separate the folds and clean from back to front." b. "I clean the area three times." c. "I begin the urine stream and then place the container under the stream midway through." d. "I make sure there is no stool in the urine specimen." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a Which of the following colon screening guidelines does the nurse recommend for a 58-year-old patient with no family history of colon cancer? a. Fecal occult blood testing every 5 years b. Sigmoidoscopy every 10 years c. Cystoscopy every 5 years d. Colonoscopy every 10 years ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D A patient is admitted with advanced liver disease. Which of the following lab results would the nurse expect to see? a. Albumin 2.6 g/dL b. Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL c. Homocysteine 2.4 mg/L d. Bilirubin 0.7 mg/dL ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a Which of the following blood tests requires the patient to be fasting? a. Hemoglobin
b. Prothrombin time c. Cholesterol d. Creatinine ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c A patient is in the Emergency Department with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction within about the past 3 hours. Which of the following cardiac markers would the nurse expect to be elevated at this point? a. CK-MB b. Myoglobin c. Troponin I d. TroponinT ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b The nurse has explained a paracentesis to a patient. Which of the following statements would indicate the patient needs more teaching? a. "I will need to sign a consent form before the procedure." b. "You will be using a needle to remove fluid from my abdomen." c. "You will be measuring my abdomen before and after the procedure." d. "I will be lying on my left side during the procedure." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d A patient just had a lumbar puncture. Which of the following would the off- shift nurse report during hand-off report to the new nurse? a. He is to lie flat for at least 4 hours. b. He should remain NPO for at least 4 hours. c. Assess for signs of postprocedure hypertension. d. Hold all sedatives and opioids for at least 4 hours. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a Which of the following allergies would be problematic for a patient scheduled for computed tomography with contrast? a. Allergy to penicillin b. Allergy to shellfish
upper right quadrant of the abdomen. What type of ostomy does the patient have? a. Descending colostomy b. Ureterostomy c. Ileostomy d. Ascending colostomy ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d Which laboratory result should immediately be reported by the nurse to the primary care provider (PCP)? a. Hemoglobin: 15. b. Hematocrit: 32% c. Red blood cells: 5. d. White blood cells: 6000 ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b The patient states that she has been taking warfarin, an anticoagulant, for several years. The nurse notices several bruised areas on her arms. Which of the following laboratory results is the most clinically significant for this medication? a. Platelets: 450, b. Prothrombin time: 24.2 seconds c. Activated partial thromboplastin time: 30 seconds d. Fibrinogen: 350 mg/dL ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b The patient tells the nurse that she has been on a high-protein, low- carbohydrate diet for the past 6 months. Which blood test results could be influenced by her diet? a. Bilirubin b. Creatinine c. Blood urea nitrogen d. Creatine kinase ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c
The nurse is working at a health fair and providing information about reducing the risk of heart disease. A male asks what his ideal numbers should be for cholesterol and triglycerides. Which of the following are recommended levels for lipid? a. Total cholesterol: >200 mg/dL b. HDL: >45 mg/dL c. LDL: >100 mg/dL d. Triglycerides: >160 mg/dL ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b The nurse is preparing a patient for a barium swallow test. Which statements by the patient indicate that the patient has understood the nurse's teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. "The doctor will be able to view my stomach and intestines during the test." b. "I should increase fluids after the test." c. "I will have to drink a contrast agent." d. "Barium can cause constipation and I may need a mild laxative." e. "I will be NPO for 8 hours after the test." f. "My stools may turn black for a few days afterward." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a,b,c,d A patient has a 24-hour urine specimen ordered for creatinine clearance. Which instruction is correct? a. "Collect all urine from the time the collection begins until it ends." b. "Save only a sample from each voiding." c. "Clean the perineal area three times before you begin to urinate." d. "Discard the first urine specimen, and then collect all urine until the time period expires." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d Which specimens should be collected using sterile technique in a sterile container? (Select all that apply.) a. Clean-catch urine b. Stool for occult blood c. Wound drainage
d. Eliminating whole-wheat and whole-grain breads and cereal --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a The nurse knows that the teaching for a patient who was recently diagnosed with constipation has been effective if the patient's meal request specifies which food choice? a. Hot dog on a bun b. Grilled chicken c. Tuna sandwich on white bread d. Spinach salad with dressing ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d A 40-year-old patient complains of 4 days of frequent loose stools with abdominal cramping. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient? a. Impaired Skin Integrity b. Fluid Imbalance c. Acute Pain d. Self-Care Deficit (i.e., toileting) ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- b A patient is scheduled for a colonoscopy. After preprocedure teaching by the nurse, the patient demonstrates understanding when he makes which statement? a. "I can have coffee the morning of the procedure." b. "I should drink a red sports drink the day before to stay hydrated." c. "I should drink clear liquids for 2 days before the procedure." d. "I will be able to drive home immediately after the procedure." --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c Which nursing intervention is included for a patient experiencing diarrhea? a. Limiting fluid intake to 1000 mL/day b. Administering a cathartic suppository c. Increasing fiber in the diet
d. Limiting exercise ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c When administering a cleansing enema, which techniques should the nurse use? (Select all that apply.) a. Assist the patient to a left side-lying (Sims) position. b. Add room-temperature solution to enema bag. c. Lubricate 2 to 4 cm (1 to 2 inches) of tip of rectal tube with lubricating jelly. d. Raise container, release clamps, and allow solution to fill tubing before administration. e. Clamp tubing after solution is instilled ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------- ---------a,d,e To best determine the patient's competency in changing an ostomy appliance, what does the nurse ask the patient to do? a. Verbalize the procedure. b. Identify the supplies needed. c. Perform the procedure. d. List the steps in the procedure. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- c A patient with a history of diarrhea is seen in the clinic. Which nursing intervention is most essential to include in this patient's plan of care? a. Weighing the patient daily b. Encouraging a diet high in fiber c. Decreasing the patient's fluid intake d. Instructing the patient to increase protein in the diet ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a A patient is scheduled for an upper GI series. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain before the procedure? a. Allergy to shellfish
The nursing instructor is teaching information about constipation in the elderly. Which statement from the student indicates a need for further instruction on this topic? a. Patients receiving tube feedings often experience constipation. b. Poor fluid intake and inability to eat a high-fiber diet often cause constipation. c. Patients with impaired mobility may experience constipation. d. Medications commonly taken by elders often contribute to constipation. - --------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a Prior to discharge, the nurse teaches the patient the proper techniques for applying an ostomy pouch. When evaluating the teaching, the nurse observes the patient apply a new ostomy pouch without cleansing the skin underneath. What actions would the nurse implement following this patient's return demonstration? (Select all that apply.) a. Repeat the demonstration to show the patient how to clean the ostomy site. b. Document that the patient performed the initial return demonstration accurately and safely. c. Offer positive reinforcement regarding the need to cleanse the site to prevent skin breakdown below the appliance. d. Discharge the patient with written instructions and illustrations that demonstrate the correct procedure. e. Notify the health care provider that a repeat demonstration of the ostomy appliance procedure is needed. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- a,c,d A patient with an indwelling catheter reports a need to void. What is the priority intervention for the nurse to perform? a. Check to see if the catheter is patent. b. Reassure the patient that it is not possible to void while catheterized. c. Catheterize the patient again with a larger gauge catheter. d. Notify the primary care provider. ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- --a
Which nursing instruction is correct when a urine specimen is collected for culture and sensitivity testing from a patient without a urinary catheter? a. Tell the patient to void and pour the urine into a labeled specimen container. b. Ask the patient to void first into the toilet, stop midstream, and finish voiding into the sterile specimen container. c. Instruct the patient to discard the first void and collect the next void for the specimen. d. Have the patient keep all voided urine for 24 hours in a chilled, opaque collection container. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b A female patient has had frequent urinary tract infections. Which statement by the patient indicates that the nurse's teaching on prevention has been effective? a. "I will limit my fluid intake to 40 ounces per day." b. "I will use only organic bath bombs when bathing." c. "I will wait to wear my tight jeans until after my urine is clear." d. "I will wipe from the front to back after voiding." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d A patient is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which piece of data would be most important to know before the procedure is carried out? a. Urinalysis negative for sugar and acetone b. History of allergies c. History of a recent thyroid scan d. Frequency of urination ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b When emptying a patient's catheter drainage bag, the nurse notes that the urine appears to be discolored. The nurse understands that what factors may change the color of urine? (Select all that apply.) a. Taking the urinary tract analgesic phenazopyridine b. A diet that includes a large number of beets or blackberries c. An enlarged prostate or kidney stones
The nurse is placing an indwelling catheter in a female patient. The nurse accidentally inserts the catheter into the vagina. What is the next action for the nurse to implement? a. Collect a urine specimen and notify the primary care provider (PCP). b. Leave the catheter in place and insert a new catheter into the urethra. c. Remove the catheter from the vagina and place it into the urethra. d. Ask another nurse to attempt the catheterization of the patient. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b Which nursing intervention would be the highest priority when caring for a patient complaining of voiding small amounts of urine in relation to his fluid intake? a. Placing a disposable waterproof pad on the patient's bed before he goes to sleep. b. Documenting in the patient's electronic health record that he is complaining of anuria. c. Notifying the patient's primary care provider (PCP) of the need for intermittent catherization. d. Palpating the patient's bladder for distention before scanning for possible retention. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d Which organism is responsible for the majority of urinary tract infections in female patients? a. Escherichia coli b. Neisseria gonorrhoeae c. Candida albicans d. Haemophilus influenza ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a A patient with a history of kidney stones is experiencing difficulty urinating and laboratory findings indicate the patient is in acute renal failure. What is the probable cause of this condition? a. Hypovolemia b. Cardiogenic shock c. Nephrotoxic substances
d. Urethral obstruction ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d The patient is ordered an ultrasound of the kidneys. The nurse knows that prior to the test the patient will: a. be required to have a bowel cleansing enema. b. be checked for any allergies to shellfish. c. be required to drink a large amount of fluids before the test. d. have no pretest requirements. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- d Nursing interventions for the patient who suffers from stress incontinence include: a. Kegel exercises. b. surgical interventions. c. bowel retraining. d. intermittent catheterization. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a Average urine pH is: a. 4. b. 6. c. 7. d. 9. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b The nurse is inserting an indwelling catheter into a male patient. While initially passing the catheter through the urethra, resistance is met. What action would the nurse take next? a. Withdraw the catheter and obtain a coude catheter. b. Straighten the penis and attempt to progress the catheter again. c. Remove the catheter and insert one with a smaller lumen. d. Inflate the balloon and wait for urine passage. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a
b. Recommend a reputable company from which to buy herbs. c. Allow the patient to self-administer the herbs with her morning medications. d. Inform the primary care provider of the findings. e. Identify possible adverse effects of the herbal medications. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a,d,e A nurse must give 1 g of Keflex, PO, q 6 hr × 3 days. The supply on hand is 500 mg/capsule. How many capsules should the nurse administer at each dose? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------2 capsules The health care provider prescribes a transdermal medication. The nurse understands what feature of the transdermal route? a. It is inhaled into the respiratory tract. b. It is dissolved inside the cheek. c. It is absorbed through the skin. d. It is inserted into the vaginal cavity. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ------c The nurse is caring for a patient who is unable to hold a cup or spoon. How should the nurse administer oral medications to the patient? a. Crush the pills and mix them in pudding before administering. b. Ask the pharmacist to change all of the medications to a liquid form. c. Use a small paper cup to place the pills into the patient's mouth. d. Place the pills on the table and have the patient take the pills by hand. --- ------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c What should the nurse do first when preparing to administer medications to a patient? a. Check the medication expiration date. b. Check the medication administration record (MAR). c. Call the pharmacy for administration instructions.
d. Check the patient's name band. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------
- b The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a patient. What is the most appropriate goal for a patient related to medications? a. The patient will administer all medications correctly by discharge. b. The patient will be taught common side effects of prescribed medications. c. The patient will have a good understanding of prescribed medications. d. The patient will have all medications administered by staff as prescribed. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a The nurse reviews a primary care provider's order and finds that the medication amount is greater than the standard dose. What should the nurse do? a. Give the standard dose rather than the one that is ordered. b. Consult with the nursing supervisor to get a second opinion. c. Call the primary care provider to discuss the order in question. d. Administer the medication as ordered by the primary care provider. ------- --CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c The nurse is selecting a site to administer a medication by the intramuscular route. The nurse chooses to avoid which site due to the high risk for injury? a. Vastus lateralis b. Ventrogluteal c. Dorsogluteal d. Deltoid ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c The home health nurse is called for a consultation on a patient with memory problems who is having difficulty remembering to take multiple
Before administering a dose of a prescribed medication, the nurse finds an unlabeled, filled syringe in the patient's medication drawer. What action by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Discard the syringe. b. Obtain a label for the syringe. c. Use the medication in the syringe. d. Verify the contents of the syringe with another nurse. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a The nurse is to give amoxicillin 750 mg PO, q8h x 10 days. The amount that is on hand is 0.5g/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer at each dose? Write your answer to the first decimal place. ____________ tablet(s). ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------1. Obtaining a capillary blood specimen to measure blood glucose, you should ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ensure there is good blood flow at the puncture site True or False When testing for fecal occult blood, a green color indicates a guaiac positive result. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False A RN instructing a female patient on obtaining a clean catch urine specimen should stress to: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Void a small amount of urine before collecting the specimen
The client has an indwelling catheter. The nurse should obtain a sterile urine specimen by ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------using a syringe to withdraw urine from the catheter tubing port An x-ray of the abdomen visualizing the kidneys, ureters and bladder is known as: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------KUB What is an echocardiogram? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Visualization of the structures of the heart by using ultrasound What does MRI stand for? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Thoracentesis is removal of fluid from: ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------pleural space While assisting with a thoracentesis the nurse should do all of the following EXCEPT: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Have the patient cough periodically during the procedure A noninvasive method of estimating bladder volume would be: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Bladder Scanner Your urine should smell ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------aromatic
