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NSG 209 EXAM 4/187 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS/2025-2026/ GRADED A+
Which of the following drug classes is most commonly used for management of ADHD? A. CNS depressants B. CNS stimulants C. Anticonvulsants D. antipsychotics B. CNS stimulants The nurse knows which statement is true regarding ODD & Conduct disorder? A. a client dx with conduct disorder violates rules & often times end up in trouble with the law B. a client dx with ODD violates rules & often times ends up in trouble with the law C. both conduct disorder & ODD clients violate rules & often times end up in trouble with the law A. a client dx with conduct disorder violates rules & often times end up in trouble with the law Which of the following activities would be most appropriate for the child with ADHD? A. monopoly B. volleyball
C. pool D. checkers B. volleyball The child with ADHD has a nursing dx of impaired social interaction. Which of the following nursing interventions are appropriate for this child? SATA A. socially isolate child when interactions with others are inappropriate B. set limits with consequences on inappropriate behaviors C. provide rewards for appropriate behaviors D. provide group situations for the child B. set limits with consequences on inappropriate behaviors C. provide rewards for appropriate behaviors D. provide group situations for the child The nursing history & assessment of an adolescent with a conduct disorder might reveal all of the following behaviors except: A. manipulation of others for fulfillment of own desires B. chronic violation of rules C. feelings of guilt associated with the exploitation of others D. inability to form close peer relationships C. feelings of guilt associated with the exploitation of others
C. utilize language-appropriate interpreters D. ask a family member to obtain informed consent C. utilize language-appropriate interpreters The nurse is assessing the mouth & oral cavity of a client with HIV. Opportunistic infections in clients with HIV include which of the following? A. herpes simplex virus lesions on lips B. oral candidiasis C. cytomegalovirus infection D. aphthae on the gingiva B. oral candidiasis the most common OI in HIV/AIDS clients is oral candidiasis When developing a teaching plan for the parents of a child diagnosed with tricuspid atresia, the nurse would integrate knowledge of what factor as the major mechanism involved? A. obstruction of blood flow to the lungs B. mixing of well-oxygenated & poorly oxygenated lungs C. increased pulmonary blood flow D. narrowing of the major vessel A. obstruction of blood flow to the lungs the tricuspid valve fails to develop, resulting in no opening to allow blood to flow from RA to RV and subsequently through the pulmonary artery into the lungs
The nurse is taking a health history of a toddler with a suspected CHD. Which response by the parent could indicate the child is experiencing hypercyanotic spells? A. my child takes 1 nap a day & is fairly active B. my child walks very quickly & never stops moving C. my child does not seem to have difficulty breathing D. my child likes to stop & squat whenever they walk D. my child likes to stop & squat whenever they walk The nurse is caring for a child who has been experiencing hypercyanotic episodes. Which treatments will be effective in managing them? SATA A. admin Demerol as prescribed B. provide supplemental O C. reduce IV fluids D. assist child to a knee-chest position E. apply a cool cloth to child's forehead B. provide supplemental O D. assist child to a knee-chest position
D. maternal use of acetaminophen in 3rd trimester B. mother age 42 with pregnancy The nurse caring for a 2 y/o boy with CP. The medical record indicates "hypertonicity & permanent contractures affecting both extremities on one side". Based on these findings, the nurse identifies this type of CP as: A. ataxic B. spastic C. athetoid or dyskinetic D. mixed B. spastic The nurse is assessing a child with spastic CP. What findings would the nurse expect to assess? SATA A. dysarthria B. poor control of balance C. hemiplegia D. exaggerated deep tendon relfexes E. drooling F. hypertonicity B. poor control of balance C. hemiplegia D. exaggerated deep tendon relfexes
F. hypertonicity A child with CP is referred for PT. When describing the rationale for this therapy, the nurse would emphasize what as the primary goal? A. development of fine motor skills B. enhance feeding capabilities C. promote optimal self-care ability D. development of gross motor movement D. development of gross motor movement The nurse is admitting a client dx with protein-calorie malnutrition secondary to AIDS. Which intervention(s) should the nurse implement first? A. assess client's body weight & ask what they have been able to eat B. place in contact isolation & don mask & gown before entering the room C. check the HCP's orders & determine what labs will be done D. teach client about TPN & monitor the subclavian IV site A. assess client's body weight & ask what they have been able to eat The client dx with AIDS is reporting a sore mouth & tongue. When the nurse assesses the buccal mucosa, the nurse notes white, patchy lesions covering the hard & soft palates & the right inner cheek. Which interventions should the nurse implement? A. teach client to brush the teeth & patchy area with soft-bristle toothbrush B. notify the HCP for an order of antifungal swish & swallow medication
The client engaging in needle-sharing activity has developed a flu-like infection. An HIV antibody test is negative. Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for this finding? A. client is fortunate enough to not have contracted HIV from infected needle B. the client must be repeatedly exposed to HIV before becoming infected C. client may be in the primary infection phase of HIV infection D. antibody test is negative b/c the client has a different flu virus C. client may be in the primary infection phase of HIV infection the primary phase of infection ranges from being asymptomatic to severe flu- like sx, but during this time the test may be negative although the indiv. is infected with HIV The nurse caring for a client dx with HIV is stuck with the stylet used to start an IV. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A. flush the skin with water & try to get the area to bleed B. notify charge & complete an incident report C. report to employee health for prophylactic medication D. F/U with infection control to have lab work done A. flush the skin with water & try to get the area to bleed The client on a medical floor is dx with HIV encephalopathy. Which client problem is the priority? A. altered nutrition, less than body requirements B. anticipatory grieving
C. knowledge deficit D. risk for injury D. risk for injury Safety is always the priority with diminished mental capacity The nurse on a medical floor is caring for clients dx with AIDS. Which client should be seen first? A. client with flushed, warm skin with tented turgor B. client reporting the staff ignores the call light C. client with VS: T 99.9, HR 101, RR 26, BP 110/ D. client unable to provide a sputum specimen A. client with flushed, warm skin with tented turgor The theory of family dynamics has been implicated as contributing to the etiology of conduct disorders. Which of the following are factors related to this theory? SATA A. frequent shifting of parental figures B. birth temperament C. father absenteeism D. large family size E. fixation in the separation individuation phase of development A. frequent shifting of parental figures C. father absenteeism
C. dx of ODD occurs no later than early adolescence A foster child dx with ODD is spiteful, vindictive, & argumentative and has a hx of aggression toward others. Which nursing diagnosis would take priority? A. impaired social interaction R/T refusal to adhere to conventional social behavior B. defensive coping R/T unsatisfactory child-parent relationship C. risk for violence: directed at others R/T poor impulse control D. nonadherence R/T a negativistic attitude C. risk for violence: directed at others R/T poor impulse control SAFETY!!!!! A 10 y/o client prescribed dextroamphetamine has a nursing dx of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements R/T a side effect of anorexia. Which of the following nursing interventions addresses this client's problem? SATA A. monitor output & sleep patterns daily B. admin meds with food to prevent nausea C. schedule medication admin after meals D. increase fiber & fluid intake to prevent contipation E. encourage frequent high cal snacks C. schedule medication admin after meals E. encourage frequent high cal snacks
A client dx with ADHD & juvenile diabetes is prescribed methylphenidate. Which nursing intervention related to both dx takes priority? A. teach client & family that methylphenidate should be taken in morning b/c it can effect sleep B. teach client & family to report restlessness, insomnia, dry mouth C. teach client & family to monitor fasting blood sugar levels at various times during treatment D. teach client & family that methylphenidate should be taken exactly as prescribed C. teach client & family to monitor fasting blood sugar levels at various times during treatment methylphenidate lowers the client's activity level, which decreases the use of glucose & increases glucose levels-- b/c of this it is important to monitor fasting levels regularly Which of the following stimulant medications are prescribed in tx of ADHD? SATA A. methylphenidate B. guanfacine C. lisdexamfetamine D. amphetamine/dextroamphetamine E. clonidine A. methylphenidate C. lisdexamfetamine
A child dx with tetralogy of fallot becomes upset, cries, & thrashes around when a blood specimen is obtained. The child becomes cyanotic & RR increases to 44. Which action should the nurse do first? A. obtain a script for sedation for the child B. assess for an irregular HR & rhythm C. explain to the child it will only hurt for a short time D. place child in knee-to-chest position D. place child in knee-to-chest position The nurse assesses a child after heart surgery to correct tetralogy of Fallot. Which finding would the nurse report to the HCP as an indication that the client has low cardiac output? A. bounding pulses & mottled skin B. altered LOC & thready pulse C. cap refill 2 sec & BP 96/ D. extremities warm to touch & pale skin B. altered LOC & thready pulse Which intervention is the highest priority for the therapeutic management of a child with CHF caused by pulmonary stenosis? A. educating the family about s/sx of infection B. admin enoxaparin to improve left ventricular contractility C. assessing HR & BP every 2 hrs D. admin furosemide to decrease systemic venous congestion
D. admin furosemide to decrease systemic venous congestion diuretics help to thin blood The male client tells the nurse he has been experiencing heartburn at night that awakens him. Which assessment question should the nurse ask? A. how much weight have you gained recently B. what have you done to alleviate the heartburn C. do you consume many milk & dairy products D. have you been around anyone with the stomach virus B. what have you done to alleviate the heartburn The nurse is preparing a client dx with GERD for discharge following an EGD. Which statement indicates the client understands the discharge instructions? A. I should not eat for at least 1 day following this procedure B. I can lie down whenever I want after a meal, it won't make a difference C. the stomach contents won't bother my esophagus but will make me nauseous D. I should avoid orange juice & eating tomatoes after this procedure D. I should avoid orange juice & eating tomatoes after this procedure Acidic foods are prone to trigger acid reflux
C. peptic ulcer disease D. increased gastric emptying A. adult onset asthma In adult onset asthma, a large number of cases are caused by GERD. Additionally, GERD can make existing asthma sx difficult to control. PUD are related to H. pylori bacterial infections & can lead to changes in the levels of gastric acid, but it is not related to reflux. The nurse is administering morning meds at 0730. Which med should have priority? A. Proton pump inhibitor B. nonnarcotic analgesic C. histamine receptor antagonist D. mucosal barrier agent D. mucosal barrier agent to coat the stomach before eating Which assessment made by the client indicates to the nurse the client may be experiencing GERD? A. my chest hurts when I walk up the stairs in my home B. I take antacids tablets with me wherever I go C. my spouse tells me I snore very loudly at night D. I drink 6-7 soft drinks every day B. I take antacids tablets with me wherever I go
Which clinical manifestations would indicate GERD? A. pyrosis, water brash, eructation B. weight loss, dysarthria, diarrhea C. decreased abd fat, proteinuria, constipation D. mid epigastric pain, positive H. pylori test, melena A. pyrosis, water brash, eructation Which disease is the client dx with GERD at greater risk for developing? A. hiatal hernia B. gastroenteritis C. esophageal cancer D. gastric cancer C. esophageal cancer Barrett's esophagus Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a client dx with ulcerative colitis? A. 20 bloody stools a day B. oral temp 102 F C. hard, rigid abdomen D. urinary stress incontinence A. 20 bloody stools a day
