Download NSCA CSCS Final Exam | Actual Exam Questions and Answers | Already Passed | (Graded A+) and more Exams Sport Studies in PDF only on Docsity!
NSCA CSCS Final Exam | Actual Exam
Questions and Answers | Already
Passed | (Graded A+)
In which of the following athletes might you expect limited bone mineral density (BMD) levels as a consequence of the force vectors and the physical demands associated with the given sport? 16 year old gymnast with a seven-year training history in her sport a 23 year old offensive lineman who has lifted weights for eight-years a 22 year old track cyclist who has a 1RM of 352lbs a 19 year old 800m freestyle swimmer with one year of dryland training -----CORRECT ANSWER-------a 19 year old 800m freestyle swimmer with one year of dryland training A 17 year old high school cross-country runner has been training aerobically for six months in preparation for the upcoming season. Which of the following adaptations will occur in the muscles during that time? increased concentration of glycolytic enzymes hyperplasia of Type II fibers transformation from Type I to Type II fibers hypertrophy of Type 1 fibers -----CORRECT ANSWER-------hypertrophy of Type I fibers The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle during each beat is the cardiac output a-v O2 difference heart rate stroke volume -----CORRECT ANSWER-------stroke volume Which of the following does NOT normally increase during an aerobic exercise session? end-diastolic volume cardiac contractility cardiac output diastolic blood pressure -----CORRECT ANSWER-------diastolic blood pressure Which of the following substances regulates muscle actions? potassium
calcium troponin tropomyosin -----CORRECT ANSWER-------calcium When one is performing a box-to-box plyometric drop jump, in order to generate sufficient force in a limited amount of time (<200 ms), which muscle fibers are bypassed through the principle of selective recruitment? I IIa IIx IIc -----CORRECT ANSWER-------I Which of the following performance or physiological characteristics is NOT usually observed in a state of nonfunctional overreaching (NFOR) within athlete populations? stagnation and a decrease in performance hormonal disturbances sleep disturbances increased levels of fatigue -----CORRECT ANSWER-------sleep disturbances Following prolonged periods of detraining in elite strength/power athletes, which of the following physical characteristics will likely show the largest reduction as a consequence of the removal of an anaerobic training stimulus? total fat mass fast-twitch fiber CSA slow-twitch fiber CSA total Type I muscle fiber content -----CORRECT ANSWER-------fast-twitch fiber CSA Following a period of chronic high-intensity resistance training, a variety of physiological adaptations take place in a number of systems within the body that promote improved athletic performance in strength/power activities. If an elite athlete were to undergo 12 weeks of heavy strength training, which of the following adaptations would NOT be expected consequent to this type of anaerobic exercise? transition from Type IIx to Type IIa muscle fiber increased pennation angle in certain muscle groups reduced SR and T-tubule density elevated NA-K ATPase activity -----CORRECT ANSWER-------reduced SR and T-tubule density
To compare performances of Olympic weightlifters of different body weights, the classic formula divides the load lifted by the athlete's body weight body weight squared lean body weight body weight to the two-thirds power -----CORRECT ANSWER-------body weight to the two-thirds power During a free weight exercise, muscle force varies with which of the following?
- perpendicular distance from the weight to the body joint
- joint angle
- movement acceleration
- movement velocity squared a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 2, 3, and 4 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------a. 1 and 2 only (perpendicular distance from the weight to the body joint AND joint angle) A vertical jump involves knee, hip, and shoulder movement primarily in which of the following anatomical planes? sagittal perpendicular frontal transverse -----CORRECT ANSWER-------sagittal An athlete is performing a concentric isokinetic elbow flexion and extension exercise. Which of the following type(s) of lever occur(s) at the elbow during this exercise?
- 1st class
- 2nd class
- 3rd class a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 3 only d. 2 and 3 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------c. 1 and 3 only
Which of the following substances can be metabolized anaerobically? glycerol glucose amino acids free fatty acids -----CORRECT ANSWER-------glucose Which of the following reactions is the primary cause of metabolic acidosis (decrease in intramuscular pH during high-intensity, fatiguing exercise)? ATP = ADP + Pi + H+ pyruvate + NADH = lactate + NAD+ ADP + creatine phosphate = ATP + creatine fructose- 6 - phosphate = fructose-1,6-biphosphate -----CORRECT ANSWER-------ATP = ADP + Pi + H+ Which of the following energy systems produces ATP at the quickest rate? phosphagen aerobic glycolysis fat oxidation fast glycolysis -----CORRECT ANSWER-------phosphagen Approximately how many net ATP are produced via the oxidative energy system from the metabolism of one molecule? 27 34 38 41 -----CORRECT ANSWER------- 38 Which of the following energy substrates cannot be depleted during extreme exercise intensities or durations? creatine phosphate glycogen water ATP -----CORRECT ANSWER-------ATP After a bout of resistance training, acute hormonal secretions provide all of the following information to the body EXCEPT
Following resistance training, augmented neural drive to the working musculature is the result of
- increased agonist muscle recruitment
- muscle hypertrophy
- improved firing rate
- greater synchronization a. all of the above b. 1 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 1, 3, and 4 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------d. 1, 3, and 4 only The mean arterial pressure is defines as the average blood pressure throughout the cardiac cycle average of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures average systolic blood pressure during exericse average of blood pressure and heart rate -----CORRECT ANSWER-------average blood pressure throughout the cardiac cycle Primary training adaptations of elite aerobically trained athletes include which of the following?
- increased maximal oxygen uptake
- decreased blood lactate concentration
- increased running economy
- decreased capillary density a. 1 and 3 only b. 2 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 2, 3, and 4 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------c. 1, 2, and 3 only An 8-year-old boy dramatically increased his upper body strength after following a six- month resistance training program. Which of the following is MOST likely responsible for this gain? increased number of muscle fibers enhanced cross-sectional area greater muscle density
improved neuromuscular functioning -----CORRECT ANSWER-------improved neuromuscular functioning Growth cartilage in children is located at all of the following EXCEPT the diaphysis epiphyseal plate joint surface apophyseal insertion -----CORRECT ANSWER-------diaphysis The condition characterized by a bone mineral density more than 2.5 SD below the young adult mean is called sarcopenia osteopenia osteoporosis scoliosis -----CORRECT ANSWER-------osteoporosis Which of the following should be evaluated FIRST when one is designing a training program for a 68-year-old competitive tennis player? cardiovascular fitness lower body strength balance and agility medical history -----CORRECT ANSWER-------medical history Deconditioned female college athletes who participate in sports such as basketball and soccer appear to be at increased risk for developing injuries to the back knee wrist neck -----CORRECT ANSWER-------knee An Olympic weightlifter attempting a personal record is able to ignore the audience to concentrate solely on her performance. Which of the following abilities is this athlete most likely using to perform the exercise? selective attention somatic anxiety guided discovery
Maintaining adequate glycogen stores spares use of protein for energy improves maximum power decreases endurance performance helps athletes gain weight -----CORRECT ANSWER-------spares use of protein for energy Which of the following BEST explains the need for increased protein intake for athletes? decreased protein oxidation during aerobic exercise increased need for tissue repair restriction of calories to lose weight quality of protein consumed -----CORRECT ANSWER-------increased need for tissue repair The following is the most likely contributor to fatigue and poor performance low protein intake iron deficiency low calcium intake omega-3 fatty acid deficiency -----CORRECT ANSWER-------iron deficiency Which of the following is a recommendation for lowering undesirably high levels of blood lipids? reduce complex CHO intake limit saturated fatty acid intake to 30% of total calories consume a minimum of 500mg of dietary cholesterol per day replace saturated fatty acids with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids ----- CORRECT ANSWER-------replace saturated fatty acids with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids Which of the following protein sources does not contain all essential amino acids in appreciable quantities? poultry eggs lentils beef -----CORRECT ANSWER-------lentils
The primary macronutrient that is addressed in the precompetition meal is fat carbohydrate protein vitamin -----CORRECT ANSWER-------carbohydrate Which of the following makes the GREATEST contribution to total energy expenditure? resting metabolic rate physical activity energy expenditure thermic effect of food resting blood sugar levels -----CORRECT ANSWER-------resting metabolic rate Which of the following is characteristic of anorexia nervosa? normal body weight very low dietary intake preoccupation with food secretive eating -----CORRECT ANSWER-------preoccupation with food When an eating disorder is suspected, the strength and conditioning professional should monitor the athlete's dietary food intake require frequent weigh-ins encourage further assessment by an eating disorder specialist provide nutritional information -----CORRECT ANSWER-------encourage further assessment by an eating disorder specialist To maintain hydration during a competition lasting less than 1 hour, it is recommended that athletes consume 3-8 ounces of water or a sports drink about every 15 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes 2 hours -----CORRECT ANSWER-------15 minutes Which of the following dietary supplements is (are) considered a stimulant?
- creatine
A college basketball coach would like to know which one of her players has the most muscular power. Which of the following is the MOST valid test for measuring muscular power? vertical jump 1RM bench press 5RM squat 100m (109-yard) sprint -----CORRECT ANSWER-------vertical jump When measuring maximal strength of a soccer player, which of the following could potentially adversely affect the test-retest reliability of the results?
- using multiple tests
- retesting at a different time of day
- an athlete's inexperience with tested exercise
- using established testing protocol a. 1 and 3 b. 1 and 4 c. 1, 2, and 3 d. 1, 3, and 4 -----CORRECT ANSWER-------1, 2, and 3: using multiple tests, retesting at a different time of day, an athletes inexperience with tested exercise All of the following procedures should be followed when testing an athlete's CV fitness in the heat EXCEPT performing the test in an indoor facility using salt tablets to retain water scheduling test in the morning drinking fluids during the test -----CORRECT ANSWER-------using salt tablets to retain water The bench press, vertical jump, and 10m (11-yard) sprint are the MOST valid tests for which of the following American football positions? quarterback defensive back wide receiver defensive lineman -----CORRECT ANSWER-------defensive lineman Which of the following sequences will produce the MOST reliable results? 1RM power clean, T-test, 1.5 mile run, 1 RM bench press
T-test, 1RM power clean, 1RM bench press, 1.5 mile run 1.5 mile run, 1RM bench press, T-test, 1RM power clean 1RM bench press, 1RM power clean, T-test, 1.5 mile run -----CORRECT ANSWER------- T-test, 1RM power clean, 1RM bench press, 1.5 mile run Anaerobic capacity is quantified as the maximal power output achieved during activity lasting less than 10s 30 - 90s 2 - 3 min longer than 5 -----CORRECT ANSWER------- 30 - 90s Which of the following tests is NOT used to measure maximum muscular power? Margaria-Kalamen test vertical jump 40 - yd (37m) sprint 1RM power clean -----CORRECT ANSWER------- 40 - yd (37m) sprint Flexibility of which of these muscle groups or body areas is assessed during the sit-and- reach test?
- hamstrings
- erector spinae
- lumbar spine
- hip flexors a. 1 and 3 only b. 2 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 2, 3, and 4 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------a. 1 and 3 only Which of the following is a reason for a trial of the T-test to be disqualified? touching the base of cone D shuffling from cone C to cone D crossing the feet from cone B to cone C running forward from cone A to cone B -----CORRECT ANSWER-------crossing the feet from cone B to cone C
After performing the hold-relax with agonist contraction PNF stretch for the hamstrings, which of the following explains the resulting increase in flexibility?
- autogenic inhibition
- stretch inhibition
- reciprocal inhibition
- crossed-extensor inhibition a. 1 and 3 only b. 2 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 2, 3, and 4 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------a. 1 and 3 only autogenic inhibition and reciprocal inhibition Which of the following exercises requires a spotter? lat pulldown wrist curl power clean step-up -----CORRECT ANSWER-------step-up During which of the following exercises should a spotter's hands be placed on the athlete's forearms near the wrists? bench press incline DB bench press upright row lying barbell triceps extension -----CORRECT ANSWER-------incline DB bench press Which of the following grips should be used during the deadlift exercise?
- overhand
- closed
- open
- alternated a. 1 and 3 only b. 2 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 4 only d. 2, 3, and 4 only -----CORRECT ANSWER-------c. 1, 2, and 4 only overhand, closed, alternated Which of the following is the correct foot pattern in the step-up exercise? a. step up left foot, step up right foot, step down left foot, step down right foot
b. step up right foot, step up left foot, step down left foot, step down right foot c. step up left foot, step down left foot, step up right foot, step down right foot d. step up right foot, step up left foot, step down right foot, step down left foot ----- CORRECT ANSWER-------b. step up right foot, step up left foot, step down left foot, step down right foot The primary movement during the second pull phase of the power clean exercise is hip flexion hip extension knee flexion dorsiflexion -----CORRECT ANSWER-------hip extension If during the tire flip the athlete's hips rise faster than the shoulders during the initial pushing motion, what is an effective correction to give the athlete? start with higher hip position keep the hips slightly below the shoulders in this position lift the tire upward instead of driving it forward push with the arms first -----CORRECT ANSWER-------start with higher hip position If a strong athlete incorporates only unilateral training into his or her program, what might the strength and conditioning professional expect to happen? a bilateral facilitation will occur a bilateral deficit will be developed a reduction in bilateral asymmetries will occur only unilateral strength will increase -----CORRECT ANSWER-------a bilateral facilitation will occur With regard to core training, when is instability exercise best applied? with untrained athletes who are relatively weak in trained athletes who are rehabilitating from an injury with trained athletes who are trying to optimize strength and power with untrained athletes who are new to the exercise -----CORRECT ANSWER-------in trained athletes who are rehabilitating from an injury Which of the following is a rationale for using variable-resistance training methods?
An American football lineman has difficulty driving into defensive linemen and believes he has lost his explosive ability. Which of the following is the BEST exercise order to help this athlete improve his performance? back squat, hip sled, leg (knee) curl, power clean power clean, back squat, hip sled, leg (knee) curl leg (knee) curl, back squat, power clean, hip sled hip sled, power clean, leg (knee) curl, back squat -----CORRECT ANSWER-------power clean, back squat, hip sled, leg (knee) curl Which of the following volumes has the potential to increase muscular strength the MOST? 5 sets x 5 reps 1 x 5 5 x 15 1 x 15 -----CORRECT ANSWER-------5 sets x 5 reps A female triathlete needs to improve the muscular endurance of her upper body. Using 3 sets x 15 reps per exercise, which of the following rest period lengths will MAXIMIZE her goal? 3 mins 1.5 mins 45s 30s -----CORRECT ANSWER-------30s Which of the following is NOT a phase of the stretch-shortening cycle? amortization concentric eccentric isometric -----CORRECT ANSWER-------isometric Which of the following structures detects rapid movement and initiates the stretch reflex? GTO muscle spindle extrafusal muscle fiber Pacinian corpuscle -----CORRECT ANSWER-------muscle spindle
Which of the following should be assessed before beginning a lower body plyometric training program?
- balance
- strength
- training history
- lean body mass a. 1 and 3 only b. 2 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 -----CORRECT ANSWER-------d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 balance, strength, training history, LBM Which of the following types of plyometric drills is generally considered to be the MOST intense? jumps in place bounds depth jumps box jumps -----CORRECT ANSWER-------depth jumps Which of the following work-to-rest ratios is the MOST appropriate to assign to a plyometric training workout? 1: 1: 1: 1:2 -----CORRECT ANSWER-------1: What does the term impulse refer to? the relationship between power and velocity the relationship between acceleration and velocity the relationship between force and velocity the relationship between force and time -----CORRECT ANSWER-------the relationship between force and time Elite sprinters produce ________ forces in a ________ ground contact time as compared to their novice counterparts. larger, longer
