Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Nursing Exam Questions: Pain, Sleep, Ethics, Exams of Nursing

Transylvania UniversityNursing

A series of multiple-choice questions and answers covering key concepts in nursing, including pain management (assessment, precipitating factors, chronic vs. Acute pain), sleep disorders (physiological responses to insomnia), and professional ethics (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, fidelity, veracity). it's valuable for nursing students to test their knowledge and understanding of these critical areas. The questions assess comprehension of pain assessment, the impact of fatigue on pain, precipitating factors of pain, and the characteristics of chronic pain. additionally, it explores ethical considerations in nursing practice, including end-of-life care and professional responsibilities.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/09/2025

brian-peter
brian-peter 🇺🇸

50 documents

1 / 29

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1
NR 226 ACTUAL FINAL Exam
"Which patient statement indicates that the patient is experiencing bruxism?
1. "I walk around in my sleep almost every night, but I don't remember it."
2. "I annoy the whole family with the loud snoring noises I make at night."
3. "I occasionally urinate in bed when I am sleeping, and it's embarrassing."
4. "I am told by my wife that I make a lot of noise grinding my teeth when I sleep." -
CORRECT ANSWER 4. "I am told by my wife that I make a lot of noise grinding my
teeth when I sleep."
"Which are most important for a nurse to consider when a patient reports the presence
of pain? Select all that apply.
1. The extent of pain is directly related to the amount of tissue damage.
2. Fatigue increases the intensity of pain experienced by the patient.
3. Behavioral adaptations are congruent with statements about pain.
4. Giving opioids to a patient in pain will lead to an addiction.
5. The person feeling the pain is the authority on the pain. - CORRECT ANSWER 2.
Fatigue increases the intensity of pain experienced by the patient.
Fatigue decreases a person's coping
abilities which increases the intensity
of pain.
5. The person feeling the pain is the authority on the pain.
Pain is a personal experience. Margo McCaffery, a pain researcher, has indicated that
pain is whatever the person in pain says it is and exists whenever the person in pain
says it exists."
"Which statements by a patient indicate a precipitating factor associated with pain?
Select all that apply.
1. "I usually feel a little dizzy and think I'm going to vomit when I have pain."
2. "My pain usually comes and goes throughout the night."
3. "I usually have pain after I get dressed in the morning."
4. "My pain feels like a knife cutting right through me."
5. "My incision hurts when I cough." - CORRECT ANSWER 3. "I usually have pain after
I get dressed in the morning."
Anything that induces or aggravates pain is considered a precipitating factor of pain. For
example, precipitating factors may be physical (e.g., exertion associated with activities
of daily living, Valsalva maneuver), environmental (e.g., extremes in temperature,
noise), or emotional (anxiety, fear).
5. "My incision hurts when I cough."
Anything that induces or aggravates pain is considered a precipitating factor of pain.
Coughing raises intra-abdominal pressure, which can aggravate the pain of a surgical
incision. Patients are taught to support the operative site with the hands or a pillow
when coughing to limit the extent of pain."
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d

Partial preview of the text

Download Nursing Exam Questions: Pain, Sleep, Ethics and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NR 226 ACTUAL FINAL Exam

"Which patient statement indicates that the patient is experiencing bruxism?

  1. "I walk around in my sleep almost every night, but I don't remember it."
  2. "I annoy the whole family with the loud snoring noises I make at night."
  3. "I occasionally urinate in bed when I am sleeping, and it's embarrassing."
  4. "I am told by my wife that I make a lot of noise grinding my teeth when I sleep." - CORRECT ANSWER 4. "I am told by my wife that I make a lot of noise grinding my teeth when I sleep." "Which are most important for a nurse to consider when a patient reports the presence of pain? Select all that apply.
  5. The extent of pain is directly related to the amount of tissue damage.
  6. Fatigue increases the intensity of pain experienced by the patient.
  7. Behavioral adaptations are congruent with statements about pain.
  8. Giving opioids to a patient in pain will lead to an addiction.
  9. The person feeling the pain is the authority on the pain. - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Fatigue increases the intensity of pain experienced by the patient. Fatigue decreases a person's coping abilities which increases the intensity of pain.
  10. The person feeling the pain is the authority on the pain. Pain is a personal experience. Margo McCaffery, a pain researcher, has indicated that pain is whatever the person in pain says it is and exists whenever the person in pain says it exists." "Which statements by a patient indicate a precipitating factor associated with pain? Select all that apply.
  11. "I usually feel a little dizzy and think I'm going to vomit when I have pain."
  12. "My pain usually comes and goes throughout the night."
  13. "I usually have pain after I get dressed in the morning."
  14. "My pain feels like a knife cutting right through me."
  15. "My incision hurts when I cough." - CORRECT ANSWER 3. "I usually have pain after I get dressed in the morning." Anything that induces or aggravates pain is considered a precipitating factor of pain. For example, precipitating factors may be physical (e.g., exertion associated with activities of daily living, Valsalva maneuver), environmental (e.g., extremes in temperature, noise), or emotional (anxiety, fear).
  16. "My incision hurts when I cough." Anything that induces or aggravates pain is considered a precipitating factor of pain. Coughing raises intra-abdominal pressure, which can aggravate the pain of a surgical incision. Patients are taught to support the operative site with the hands or a pillow when coughing to limit the extent of pain."

"A nurse administers a back rub to a patient after first providing for privacy and maintaining standard precautions. Place the following steps in the order in which they should be implemented.

  1. Apply warmed lotion to your hands.
  2. Position the patient in the side-lying position.
  3. Assess the skin for color, turgor, and skin breakdown.
  4. Arrange the gown and top linens so that the patient's back is exposed.
  5. Use a variety of strokes to massage the muscles of the back and sacral area. - CORRECT ANSWER Answer: 2 4 3 1 5 The first step is to position the patient in the side-lying position because this provides for a comfortable, supported position during the procedure. The second step is to arrange the gown and linens so that the patient's back is exposed because this provides access to the patient's back. The third step is to assess the skin to ensure that there are no indications of a problem that is a contraindication for having a back rub. The fourth step is to warm the lotion in your hands because warm lotion is more comfortable and supports muscle relaxation. A variety of strokes (e.g., effleurage, pétrissage, tamponage, small circular movements, and feathering) relieves muscle tension, promotes physical and emotional relaxation, and increases circulation to the area." "When assessing patients who have difficulty sleeping, the nurse assesses for which common physiological responses to insomnia? Select all that apply.
  6. Vertigo
  7. Fatigue
  8. Irritability
  9. Headache
  10. Frustration - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Vertigo Shortened non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep can result in vertigo, which is a physiological response to sleep deprivation.
  11. Fatigue Interrupted NREM sleep can result in fatigue, which is a physiological response to sleep deprivation.
  12. Headache Shortened NREM sleep can result in headache, which is a physiological response to sleep deprivation." "A nurse is assessing a patient experiencing chronic pain. Which characteristics are more common with chronic pain than with acute pain? Select all that apply.
  13. Gradual onset
  14. Long duration
  15. Anticipated end
  16. Psychologically depleting
  17. Responds to conventional interventions - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Gradual onset Chronic pain has a gradual progressive onset because it usually is related to a long- term problem (e.g., diabetic neuropathy). Acute pain has a rapid onset because it
  1. Sigma Theta Tau
  2. State Boards of Nursing
  3. American Nurses Association
  4. Constituent leagues of the National League for Nursing. - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 2. (The National Council of State Boards of Nursing is responsible for the NCLEX examinations; however, the licensing authority in the jurisdiction in which the graduate takes the examination verifies the acceptable score on the examination.)
  1. Sigma Theta Tau, the international honor society of nursing, recognizes academic achievement and leadership qualities, encourages high professional standards, fosters creative endeavors, and supports excellence in the profession of nursing. This organization does not grant licensure.
  2. The American Nurses Association (ANA) is the national professional organization for nursing in the United States. It fosters high standards of nursing practice; it does not grant licensure.
  3. The National League for Nursing (NLN) is committed to promoting and improving nursing service and nursing education; it does not grant licensure" "A nurse expert is called to testify in a lawsuit regarding professional nursing malpractice primarily to testify:
  4. About standards of nursing care as they apply to the facts in the case
  5. With regard to laws governing the practice of nursing
  6. For the prosecution
  7. For the defense - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 1 (The American Nurses Association Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice are authoritative statements by which the national organization for nursing describes the responsibilities for which its practitioners are accountable. An expert nurse is capable of explaining these standards as they apply to the situation under litigation. These professional standards are one criterion that helps a judge or jury determine if a nurse committed malpractice or negligence.)
  8. An expert nurse is not an expert in the law. The expert nurse's role is not to make judgments about the laws as they apply to the practice of nursing.
  9. A nurse expert can testify for either the prosecution or the defense.
  10. A nurse expert can testify for either the defense or the prosecution." "The nurse initiates a visit from a member of the clergy for a patient. How is the nurse functioning when initiating this visit?
  11. Interdependently
  12. Independently
  13. Dependently
  14. Collegially - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 2 (The nurse is initiating the referral to the member of the clergy and is therefore working independently. Nurses are

legally permitted to diagnose and treat human responses to actual or potential health problems.)

  1. The nurse does not need a practitioner's order to make a referral to a member of the clergy. An interdependent intervention requires a practitioner's order associated with a parameter.
  2. This action is within the scope of nursing practice. The nurse does not need a practitioner's order to make a referral to a member of the clergy.
  3. The nurse can make a referral to a mem- ber of the clergy without collaborating with another professional health-care team member." "A patient is asked to participate in a medical research study. The nurse describes to the patient and family members how the patient is protected by the:
  4. Code of Ethics
  5. Informed Consent
  6. Nurse Practice Act
  7. Constitution of the United States - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 2 (Informed consent is an agreement by a client to accept a course of treatment or a procedure after receiving complete information necessary to make a knowledgeable decision.)
  8. A code of ethics is the official statement of a group's ideals and values. It includes broad statements that provide a basis for professional actions.
  9. Nurse Practice Acts define the scope of nursing practice; they are unrelated to informed consent.
  10. The Constitution of the United States addresses broad individual rights and responsibilities. The rights related to nursing practice and patients include therights of privacy, freedom of speech, and due process." "The nurse is implementing an ordered bowel preparation for a patient who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which is the most serious consequence that is prevented by an effective bowel preparation?
  11. Discomfort
  12. Misdiagnosis
  13. Wasted expense
  14. Psychological stress - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 2 (Fecal material in the intestines can interfere with the visualization, collection, and analysis of data obtained through a colonoscopy, resulting in diagnostic errors.)
  15. Although this may occur, it is not the most serious outcome of an inappropriate preparation for a colonoscopy.
  16. A test may have to be cancelled or per- formed a second time if the patient has an ineffective bowel preparation. Although this is a serious consequence, it is not life threatening.

4 - Although nurses are always accountable for their actions, accountability for the cause of an incidence is the role of the courts." "A practitioner writes a prescription for a medication that is larger than the standard dose. What should the nurse do?

  1. Inform the supervisor
  2. Give the drug as prescribed.
  3. Give the average dose of the medication.
  4. Discuss the prescription with the practitioner. - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 4 (Nurses have a prof. resonsibility to know/investigate the standard dose for medications being administered. In addition, nurses are responsible for their own actions regardless of whether there is a written prescription) 1 - It is unnecessary to call the supervisor. 2 - This is unsafe for the patient and may result in malpractice. 3 - Changing a medication prescription is not within the scope of nursing practice." "When the nurse attempts to administer a medication to a patient, the patient refuses to take the medication because it causes diarrhea. The nurse provides teaching about the medication, but the patient continues to adamantly refuse the medication. What should the nurse do first?
  5. Document the patient's refusal to take the medication.
  6. Notify the practitioner of the patient's refusal to take the medication.
  7. Discuss with a family member the need for the patient to take the medication.
  8. Explain again to the patient the consequences of refusing to take the medication. - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 1 (The patient has the right to refuse)
  1. Notifying the practitioner eventually should be done, but it is not the priority at this time.
  2. Discussing the situation with a family member without the patient's consent is a violation of confidentiality.
  3. The patient has been taught about the medication and adamantly refuses the medication. Further teaching at this time may be viewed by the patient as badgering." "The practitioner orders OOB for a patient. How is the nurse functioning when moving this patient out of bed to a chair?
  4. Dependently
  5. Independently
  6. Collaboratively
  7. Interdependently - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 1 (Determining the extent of activity desirable for a patient is within the practitioner's, not a nurse's, scope of practice. Following activity orders is a dependent function of the nurse.)
  1. The responsibility to determine a patient's activity level is not within the legal scope of nursing practice.
  2. A practitioner works independently when determining a patient's desired activity level.
  3. The nurse is following the practitioner's order to get the patient OOB. There are no restrictions or parameters in relation to the order. However, the nurse must use judgment before, during, and after a transfer if a patient's condition changes." "A Registered Nurse witnesses an accident and assists the victim who has a life- threatening injury. What should the nurse do to meet the most important standard when acting as a Good Samaritan at the scene of an accident?
  4. Seek consent from the injured party before rendering assistance
  5. Implement every critical-care intervention necessary to sustain life
  6. Stay at the scene until another qualified person takes over responsibility
  7. Insist on helping because a nurse is the best-qualified person to provide care - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 3. When a nurse renders emergency care, the nurse has an ethical responsibility not to abandon the injured person. The nurse should not leave the scene until the injured person leaves or another qualified person assumes responsibility.
  8. Depending on the injured person's physi- cal and emotional status, the person may or may not be able to consent to care.
  9. When a nurse helps in an emergency, the nurse is required to render care that is consistent with care that any reasonably prudent nurse would provide under simi- lar circumstances. The nurse should not attempt interventions that are beyond the scope of nursing practice.
  10. A nurse should offer assistance, not insist on assisting, at the scene of an emergency." "A faculty member of a nursing program is conducting an informational session for potential nursing students. The faculty member includes the information that at the completion of the program licensure to practice is:
  11. A responsibility of the American Nurses Association
  12. Granted on graduation from a nursing program
  13. Approved by the National League for Nursing
  14. Required by state law - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 4. The Nurse Practice Act in a state stipulates the requirements for licensure within the state.
  15. The ANA Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice do not address licensure.
  16. When a person graduates from a school of nursing, the individual receives a diploma that indicates completion of a course of study; the diploma is not a license to practice nursing.
  17. The National League for Nursing (NLN) promotes nursing service and nursing education; it is not involved with licensure."

Organizations) evaluates health-care organizations' compliance with Joint Commission standards. Accreditation indicates that the organization has the capabilities to provide quality care. In addition, federal and state regulatory agencies and insurance companies require Joint Commission accreditation.

  1. The National League for Nursing (NLN) fosters the development and improvement of nursing education and nursing service.
  2. The American Nurses Association (ANA) is the national professional organization for nursing in the United States. Its purposes are to promote high standards of nursing practice and to support the educational and professional advancement of nurses.
  3. In the United States, graduates of educa- tional programs that prepare students to be- come Licensed Practical Nurses or Registered Professional Nurses must successfully complete the National Council Licensure Examination-PN (NCLEX-PN) and the National Council Licensure Examination-RN (NCLEX-RN), respectively, as part of the criteria for licensure." "A student nurse is about to graduate from an accredited nursing program. The student nurse understands that an action unrelated to a state Nurse Practice Act is:
  4. Setting guidelines for nurses' salaries in the state
  5. Establishing reciprocity for licensure between states
  6. Determining minimum requirements for nursing education
  7. Maintaining a list of nurses who can legally practice in the state - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 1. State Nurse Practice Acts define and regulate the practice of nursing within the state. The salary of nurses is determined through negotiations between nurses or their representatives, such as a union or a professional nursing organization, and the representatives of the agency for which they work.
  8. A state's Nurse Practice Act determines the criteria for reciprocity for licensure.
  9. A state's Nurse Practice Act stipulates minimum requirements for nursing education.
  10. A state's Nurse Practice Act defines the criteria for licensure within the state. The actual functions, such as maintaining a list of nurses who can legally practice in the state, may be delegated to another official body such as a State Board of Nursing or State Education Department." "Nursing practice is influenced by the doctrine of respondeat superior. What is the basic concept related to this theory of liability?
  11. Nurses must respond to the Supreme Court when they commit acts of malpractice
  12. Health-care facilities are responsible for the negligent actions of the nurses whom they employ
  13. Nurses are responsible for their actions when they have contractual relationships with patients
  14. The laws absolve nurses from being sued for negligence if they provide inappropriate care at the scene of an accident - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 2. The

ancient legal doctrine respondeat superior means "let the master answer." By virtue of the employer-employee relationship, the employer is responsible for the conduct of its employees.

  1. This is unrelated to respondeat superior. Negligence and malpractice, which are unintentional torts, are litigated in local courts by civil actions between individuals.
  2. Individual responsibility is unrelated to respondeat superior. A nurse can have an independent contractual relationship with a patient. When a nurse works for an agency, the contract between the nurse and patient is implied. In both instances the nurse is responsible for the care provided.
  3. This is unrelated to respondeat superior. Good Samaritan laws do not provide absolute immunity." "When attempting to administer a 10:00 PM sleeping medication, the nurse assesses that the patient appears to be asleep. What should the nurse do?
  4. Withhold the drug
  5. Notify the practitioner
  6. Awaken the patient to administer the drug
  7. Administer it later if the patient awakens during the night - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 3. Administering a medication is a dependent function of the nurse. The prescription should be followed as written if the prescription is reasonable and prudent. This medication was not a PRN medication but rather a standing order.
  8. This is a violation of the practitioner's or- der. Drug administration is a dependent nursing function.
  9. This is unnecessary.
  10. The drug should be administered as prescribed not at a later time." "What is the primary purpose of the American Nurses Association Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice?
  11. Establish criteria for quality practice
  12. Define the philosophy of nursing practice
  13. Identify the legal definition of nursing practice
  14. Determine educational standards for nursing practice - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 1. The ANA Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice describe the nature and scope of nursing practice and the responsibilities for which nurses are accountable.
  15. A philosophy incorporates the values and beliefs about the phenomena of concern to a discipline. The ANA Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice reflect, not define, a philosophy of nursing. Each nurse and nursing organization should define its own philosophy of nursing.
  16. The laws of each state define the practice of nursing within the state.
  1. _____ Volunteer telling another volunteer a patient's age
  2. _____ Nurse explaining to a patient that another nurse is incompetent
  3. _____ Personal care assistant sharing information about a patient with another patient
  4. _____ Unit manager documenting a nurse's medication error in a performance appraisal
  5. _____ Housekeeper who is angry at a nurse erroneously telling another staff member that the nurse uses cocaine - CORRECT ANSWER Correct Answer: 2, 5
  6. This is an example of slander. Slander is a false spoken statement resulting in damage to a person's character or reputation.
  7. This is an example of slander. It is a malicious, false statement that may damage the nurse's reputation.
  8. This is a violation of the patient's right to confidentiality, not slander.
  9. This is a violation of the patient's right to confidentiality, not slander.
  10. This is not slander because it is a written, not spoken, statement and it documents true, not false, information." "A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing pain. For which common psychological response to pain should the nurse assess the patient?
  11. Experiencing fear related to loss of independence
  12. Withdrawing from social interactions with others
  13. Asking for pain medication to relieve the pain
  14. Verbalizing the presence of nausea - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Experiencing fear related to loss of independence Psychological or affective responses to pain relate to feelings and emotional distress. Fear of being dependent on others and loss of self-control are psychological responses to pain." "Which is the appropriate patient outcome for an adult who has disturbed sleep because of nocturia?
  15. Report fewer early morning awakenings because of a wet bed.
  16. Demonstrate a reduction in nighttime bathroom visits.
  17. Resume sleeping immediately after voiding.
  18. Use an incontinence device at night. - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Demonstrate a reduction in nighttime bathroom visits. Demonstrating a reduction in night- time bathroom visits is an appropriate outcome for nocturia, which is voluntary urination during the night." "A patient who had a total abdominal hysterectomy two days ago reports abdominal pain at level 5 on a 0-to-10 pain scale. After assessing the pain further, which should the nurse do first?
  19. Reposition the patient.
  20. Offer a relaxing back rub.
  21. Use distraction techniques.
  1. Administer the prescribed analgesic. - CORRECT ANSWER 4. Administer the prescribed analgesic. Major abdominal surgery involves extensive manipulation of internal organs and a large abdominal incision that require adequate pharmacological intervention to provide relief from pain." "A nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with narcolepsy. Which is the most serious consequence of this disorder?
  2. Inability to provide self-care
  3. Impaired thought processes
  4. Potential for injury
  5. Excessive fatigue - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Potential for injury Narcolepsy is excessive sleepiness in the daytime that can cause a person to fall asleep uncontrollably at inappropriate times (sleep attack) and result in physical harm to self or others." "A patient is experiencing discomfort associated with gastroesophageal reflux. In which position should the nurse teach the patient to sleep?
  6. Right lateral
  7. Semi-Fowler
  8. Prone
  9. Sims - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Semi-Fowler Gastric secretions increase during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. The semi-Fowler position limits gastroesophageal reflux because gravity allows the abdominal organs to drop, which reduces pressure on the stomach and results in less stomach contents flowing upward into the esophagus." "A patient is experiencing anxiety. Which aspect of sleep should the nurse expect primarily will be affected as a result of the anxiety?
  10. Onset
  11. Depth
  12. Stage II
  13. Duration - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Onset Anxiety increases norepinephrine blood levels through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, which results in prolonged sleep onset." "A patient requests pain medication for severe pain. Which should the nurse do first when responding to this patient's request?
  14. Use distraction to minimize the patient's perception of pain.
  15. Place the patient in the most comfortable position possible.
  16. Administer pain medication to the patient quickly.
  17. Assess the various aspects of the patient's pain. - CORRECT ANSWER 4. Assess the various aspects of the patient's pain. All the factors that affect the pain experience should be assessed, including location, intensity, quality, duration, pattern, aggravating and alleviating factors, and physical, behavioral, and attitudinal responses. Assessment must precede intervention."

"Which most common cause of sleep deprivation in the hospital should the nurse consider when planning care?

  1. Fragmented sleep
  2. Early awakening
  3. Restless legs
  4. Sleep apnea - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Fragmented sleep Sleep deprivation occurs with frequent interruptions of sleep because the sleeper returns to stage I rather than to the stage that was interrupted. There is a greater loss of stage III and IV non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep, which is essential for restorative sleep." "A nurse is performing an admitting interview. Which patient statement about pain should cause the most concern for the nurse?
  5. "I try to pretend that it is not part of me, but it takes a lot of effort."
  6. "My pain medication works, but I'm afraid of becoming addicted."
  7. "At home I take something for the pain before it gets too bad."
  8. "They say my pain may get worse, and I can't stand it now." - CORRECT ANSWER
  9. "They say my pain may get worse, and I can't stand it now." The level of pain tolerance is exceeded. The present pain must be relieved and the patient assured that future pain also will be controlled." "A patient has been in the intensive care unit (ICU) for 3 days. For which common adaptation indicating ICU psychosis associated with sleep deprivation should the nurse assess the patient?
  10. Hypoxia
  11. Delirium
  12. Lethargy
  13. Dementia - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Delirium Melatonin regulates the circadian phases of sleep. Environmental triggers called synchronizers adjust the sleep- wake cycle to a 24-hour solar day. Intensive care units have bright lights and increased sensory input that cause disorientation to day and night and interrupt sleep. Interrupted sleep results in lability of mood, irritability, excitability, suspiciousness, confusion, and delirium." "Which concept associated with sleep should the nurse consider to plan nursing care for a hospitalized patient?
  14. People require eight hours of uninterrupted sleep to meet energy needs.
  15. Frequency of nighttime awakenings decreases with age.
  16. Fear can contribute to the need to stay awake.
  17. Bedrest decreases the need for sleep. - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Fear can contribute to the need to stay awake. Fear of loss of control, the unknown, and potential death results in the struggle to stay awake, which interferes with the ability to relax sufficiently to fall asleep." "A nurse is assessing a patient in pain. Which word might the nurse use when documenting the pattern of a patient's pain?
  1. Tenderness
  2. Moderate
  3. Episodic
  4. Phantom - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Episodic The word episode refers to an incident, occurrence, or time period; therefore, the word episode refers to a pattern of pain and is concerned with time of onset, duration, recurrence, and remissions." "A nurse is obtaining a health history from a newly admitted patient. Which patient statement about alcohol intake is based on a common physiological response?
  5. "After I go drinking, I have to urinate during the night."
  6. "When I drink, I get hungry in the middle of the night."
  7. "Falling asleep is hard, but once asleep I sleep great."
  8. "If I drink too much, I oversleep in the morning." - CORRECT ANSWER 1. "After I go drinking, I have to urinate during the night." Alcoholic beverages are fluids that have a mild diuretic effect. Frequent nighttime awakening to empty a full bladder is called nocturia." "A nurse is assessing a patient experiencing acute pain. Which characteristic is more common with acute pain than with chronic pain?
  9. Self-focusing
  10. Sleep disturbances
  11. Guarding behaviors
  12. Variations in vital signs - CORRECT ANSWER 4. Variations in vital signs Acute pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, which responds by increasing pulse, respirations, and blood pressure. Chronic pain stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which results in lowered pulse and blood pressure." "At which time does a nurse medicate a patient for pain for it to be considered preemptive analgesia?
  13. Before a patient goes to sleep
  14. At equally distant times around the clock
  15. As soon as a patient reports the occurrence of pain
  16. Before doing a dressing change that has been painful in the past - CORRECT ANSWER 4. Before doing a dressing change that has been painful in the past The word preemptive means preventive, anticipatory, and defensive. Therefore, preemptive analgesia is administered before an activity or intervention that may precipitate pain in an attempt to limit the anticipated pain." "A patient is diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome. Which is most important for the nurse to explore in relation to the patient's status?
  17. Ability to provide self-care
  18. Physical mobility
  19. Social isolation
  20. Gas exchange - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Ability to provide self-care Chronic fatigue syndrome is a condition characterized by the onset of disabling fatigue."

Bruxism, clenching and grinding of the teeth, is a parasomnia that occurs during stage II NREM sleep. Usually, it does not interfere with sleep for the affected individual but rather the sleeper's partner." "A nurse is caring for patients receiving a variety of interventions for pain management. Which pain relief method has the shortest duration of action?

  1. Patient-controlled analgesia
  2. Intramuscular sedatives
  3. Intravenous narcotics
  4. Regional anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Intravenous narcotics Intravenous analgesics act within 1 to 2 minutes but drug inactivation (biotransformation) also is fast, so there is a short duration of action." "A nurse is teaching a community health education class about rest and sleep. Which concept related to sleep should the nurse include?
  5. Total time in bed gradually decreases as one ages.
  6. Sleep needs remain consistent throughout the life span.
  7. Alcohol intake interferes with one's ability to fall asleep.
  8. Bedtime routines are associated with an expectation of sleep. - CORRECT ANSWER
  9. Bedtime routines are associated with an expectation of sleep. An expectation of an outcome of behavior usually becomes a self- fulfilling prophecy. Bedtime rituals include activities that promote comfort and relaxation (e.g., music, reading, and praying) and hygienic practices that meet basic physiological needs (e.g., bathing, brushing the teeth, and toileting)." "A nurse is teaching a patient various techniques to promote sleep. Which internal stimulus that most commonly interferes with sleep should the nurse include in the teaching?
  10. Ringing in the ears
  11. Bladder fullness
  12. Hunger
  13. Thirst - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Bladder fullness Bladder fullness causes pressure in the pelvic area that interrupts sleep. Awakening to void during the night is a common occurrence, particularly in older adult men." "A nurse is giving a back rub. Which stroke is most effective in inducing relaxation at the end of the procedure?
  14. Percussion
  15. Effleurage
  16. Kneading
  17. Circular - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Effleurage Effleurage involves long, smooth strokes sliding over the skin. When performed slowly with light pressure at the end of a back rub it has a relaxing, sedative effect." "A patient states, "The pain moves from my chest down my left arm." Which characteristic of pain is associated with this statement?
  1. Pattern
  2. Duration
  3. Location
  4. Constancy - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Location This is referred pain, which is pain felt in a part of the body that is at a distance from the tissues causing the pain. Referred pain is related to location of pain." "A nurse is providing health teaching for a patient with the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. Which aspect of sleep should the nurse explain is most often affected?
  5. Amount
  6. Quality
  7. Depth
  8. Onset - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Quality Sleep apnea is the periodic cessation of breathing during sleep. Episodes occur during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep (interfering with dreaming) and non-rapid-eye- movement (NREM) sleep (interfering with restorative sleep), both of which reduce the quality of sleep." "A patient is being admitted to the hospital and the nurse is performing a complete assessment. Which is the most therapeutic question the nurse can ask about the quality of the patient's sleep?
  9. "How would you describe your sleep?"
  10. "Do you consider your sleep to be restless or restful?"
  11. "Is the number of hours you sleep at night good for you?"
  12. "Does your bed partner complain about your sleep behaviors?" - CORRECT ANSWER 1. "How would you describe your sleep?" This open-ended question requires patients to explore the topic of sleep as it relates specifically to their own experiences." "A nurse strains a back muscle when moving a patient up in bed. Which can the nurse do at home that utilizes the gate-control theory of pain relief to minimize the discomfort?
  13. Use guided imagery.
  14. Perform progressive muscle relaxation.
  15. Apply a cold compress to the site for 20 minutes. 4. Take a nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory medication every 6 hours. - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Apply a cold compress to the site for 20 minutes. Thermal therapy (e.g., application of heat or cold) stimulates the large A-delta fibers that close the gate that allows the transmission of pain impulses to the central nervous system." "A patient is having difficulty sleeping and may be experiencing shortened non-rapid- eye movement (NREM) sleep. Which patient assessments support this conclusion? Select all that apply.
  16. Decreased pain tolerance
  17. Inability to concentrate
  18. Excessive sleepiness