Download Pathophysiology Midterm Exam: Multiple Choice Questions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
QUESTION 1
When assessing the patient with SLE, the nurse should expect to identify: - ANSWERS-Arthralgia, anemia, and rashes are common symptoms of SLE
Which of the following is the leading cause of death in developed countries?
A. Cardiovascular disease
B. Cancer
C. Stroke
D. Sarcoma - ANSWERS-B. Cancer
QUESTION 2
An oncologist is discussing the process of metastasis which information should the oncologist include? For metastasis to occur, tumor cells must be capable of:
A. withstanding extreme temperatures
B. Detecting elevated calcium levels
C. surviving in the bloodstream
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D. eliminating lymph nodes - ANSWERS-C surving in the blood stream
QUESTION 3
Which of the following treatments to help cancer related or chemotherapy related anemia should the nurse discuss with the patient
A. Exercise
B. Chemotherapy
C. ERYTHROPOIETIN
D. Calcium and magnesium supplements - ANSWERS-C. Erythropoietin
QUESTION 4
A patient is experiencing leukopenia from cancer and chemotherapy treatment which condition should the nurse assess for in this patient
A. allergic reaction
B. autoimmune disease
C. Bleeding
D. Infection - ANSWERS-D infection
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QUESTION 7
A nurse is describing the process of metastasis which is necessary in order for metastasis to occur?
A. Decrease cellular motility
B. decrease cell adhesion's
C. Temporary cessation of cell division
D. proximity to body cavities - ANSWERS-B. decrease cell adheasions
QUESTION 8
A nurse is describing a process in which a piece of 1 chromosome is moved to another chromosome. What term should the nurse use to describe this process?
A. Translocation
B. Point mutation
C. Gene amplification
D. Silencing - ANSWERS-A. Translocation
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QUESTION 9
Which symptom will surprise the nurse when assessing a patient with CACHEXIA?
A. anorexia
B. Weight loss why
C. Heart murmur
D. Weakness - ANSWERS-C. Heart murmur
QUESTION 10
The nurse is reviewing a patients laboratory report. Which finding correlate's to the patients diagnosis of cervical cancer?
A. hepatitis B virus
B. Human immunodeficiency virus
C. Epstein Barr virus
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A patient has guillain-barre during the health history the nurse should ask about a history of:
A. Migraine headaches
B. Herniated discs
C. Subdermal hematomas
D. respiratory viral infection - ANSWERS-D. respiratory viral infection
When a baby has been identified as having featal exposure to alcohol, which assesment parameter should be concidered
A. low birth rate
B. mental retardation
C. facial anomalies
D. All of the above - ANSWERS-D. All of the above
A nurse documents tattooing and stippling in a trauma patient which type of injury does the patient have? - ANSWERS-Gunshot wounds tattooing and stapling are caused by gunpowder and occur on the skin surrounding the entrance wound.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome? - ANSWERS-Chromsome 21
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A couple has two offspring's one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal what most likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents? - ANSWERS-both parents could be Carriers
If an Ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction which condition could result in the embryo? - ANSWERS-Monosomies and trisomies
If the patient has liquefactive necrosis which organ should the nurse assess first? - ANSWERS-Brain
hypoxic injury to the brain results in liquefactive necrosis because the central nervous system contains little connective tissue.
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function too - ANSWERS- protect cells from injury adaptive cellular mechanisms actually help cells adjust to environmental changes thereby protecting them from injury and death
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance which is most likely the diagnosis for the patient?
- ANSWERS-cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol injury - ANSWERS- Liver
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Which information indicates that the nurse has a good understanding of Clastogens? Clastogens agents that cause?
A. Chromosomal duplications
B. single gene mutations
C. Chromosomal breakage
D. Sex Chromosome aneuploidies - ANSWERS-C. Chromosomal Breakage
An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has: - ANSWERS-Alleles at a given locus that are different from one another.
A patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction does the nurse expect to see documented in the patient's chart? - ANSWERS-Type 1 typical allergic responses are characterized as type one hypersensitivity reactions.
A patient has Westcott Aldrich syndrome. Which typical assessment findings should the nurse monitor for in the patient? - ANSWERS-Decreased IgM and bleeding
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What is the role of plasma in the inflammatory response cycle? - ANSWERS-It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin.
Plasma is an enzyme that will degrade fibrin during clot dissolution or at the resolution of inflammation.
Among the many innate defenses the body has two pathogens, the first line of defense is the: - ANSWERS-skin and mucous membrane the skin and mucous membrane form a barrier to prevent microorganisms from entering the body.
Which substance is released during a viral infection and signals in neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses? - ANSWERS-Interferon after a host cell is infected by your virus, it releases interferon to signal neighboring cells to boost their viral defenses.
The nurse is planning a community teaching event about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To which population should the teaching be primarily targeted? - ANSWERS-Wmmen 20 to 40 years old
While discussing the complement system, which information should the nurse include? The alternative pathway of the complement system is activated by: - ANSWERS-Bacteria
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Which cells are primarily responsible for phagocytic activity during inflammation?
- ANSWERS-Neutrophils and macrophages
The nurse is caring for a patient with B lymphocytes deficiency. The nurse should protect the patient primarily from: - ANSWERS-encapsulated bacteria
A sign associated with classic cerebral concussion is?
A loss of consciousness
B. tachycardia
C. hypertension
D. decorticate posturing - ANSWERS-A. loss of consciousness
A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of a subarachnoid hemorrhage which information should the nurse include? - ANSWERS-Impaired reabsorption of cerebral spinal fluid occurs
While reviewing a patient's health history which finding will most alert the nurse to the possible development of chronic subdural hematoma - ANSWERS-Prior brain atrophy
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A patient has a spinal cord tumor that originate within the neural tissue. what type of tumor is this called? - ANSWERS-Intramedullary
Autonomic hyperreflexia is caused by - ANSWERS-stimulation of sensory/pain receptors below the level of the spinal cord lesion
Which information should the nurse include when teaching about focal brain injury? Most forms of focal brain injury are associated with increased: - ANSWERS-brain swelling
A patient ruptured the middle meningeal artery, resulting in an epidermal hemorrhage. The nurse realizes that this type of intercranial hemorrhage the bleeding occurs between the dura mater and the - ANSWERS-skull
A patient has a spinal cord tumor that is causing an irritative syndrome what does this imply to the nurse? - ANSWERS-the patient is experiencing compression symptoms plus radicular pain
During the assessment of a patient with meningitis the nurse wants to test for NUCHAL rigidity. Which test will the nurse implement? - ANSWERS-Kernig
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A patient's forehead hit the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident which part of the brain received the coup injury - ANSWERS-Frontal
In a patient with an epidermal hematoma the nurse recalls that bleeding occurs between the skull and - ANSWERS-dura mater
