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NHA Phlebotomy Technician Practice
Test | Questions and Answers |
Latest Edition | Verified Answers
What should you do if the veins are sclerotic or the skin is scarred? ----CORRECT ANSWER----------evaluate and alternative location What can cause elevation in white blood cells, decrease in iron level,s and abnormal hormone levels, among few possible complications? ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- stress What can occur if the tourniquet is left on the patient longer than 60 seconds ---- CORRECT ANSWER----------hemoconcentration How long should a tourniquet be on ----CORRECT ANSWER----------no longer than 1 minute What happens if missing or inaccurate info on the laboratory requisition or improper specimen labeling: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------excessive blood collection, which could be harmful to patients health What info should be verified with every phlebotomy procedure to minimize errors and ensure proper collection and testing of specimens? ----CORRECT ANSWER----------- providers order
- patient identity
- labeling of the specimens
- identification number of the specimen
What should you always do for the blood collection procedure? ----CORRECT ANSWER----------always introduce yourself to the patient and confirm the purpose of the blood collection procedure How do you verify the patients identity: ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------patients name
- DOB
- and any other demographic info nededed What can alleviate any fear or anxiety the patient might be feeling regarding blood draw procedure: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------presenting a calm, professional demeanor What are they key attributes of a medical assistant: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- competency and professionalism What could indicate elevated liked levels? ----CORRECT ANSWER----------eating a meal prior to having blood drawn What is part of test preparation: ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------verify whether testing requires fasting
- ask patient when he last took any meds and the names and dosage of meds If the patient is in obvious distress during a phlebotomy procedure what should happen: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------STOP the procedure and alert the provider Who is responsible for putting the patient at ease? ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- medical assistant How can you let the patient feel comfortable with the procedure and confident in your abilities? ----CORRECT ANSWER----------provide an explanation of the process and purpose of the blood draw
What should happen if there is any question regarding specimen handling requirements or the tube color for each test ----CORRECT ANSWER----------consult a facility specific laboratory reference manual What does the laboratory reference manual provide: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------all information required for testing
- how many and what color tube must be drawn
- test code What are required items to do before beginning a procedure: ----CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------test and test code
- patient demographics
- insurance or other billing information Requisition ----CORRECT ANSWER----------written or computer generated order for laboratory tests Fasting: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------abstinence of food and liquids, except water, for a set number of hours prior to testing What do blood cultures require: ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------specific preparation of the skin, as well as multiple tubes and specific specimen labeling What should you do if performing blood draw for an unfamiliar test? ----CORRECT ANSWER----------consult the laboratory reference manual What are several verbal to consider when performing a blood collection procedure: ---- CORRECT ANSWER-----------basal state
- fasting status
- condition of venipuncture site Venicpunture: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------the puncture of a vein for the purposes of withdrawing blood Edema: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------an excessive buildup of fluid in body tissue Hemoconcentration: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------increase in the concentration of red blood cells in the circulating blood, which is commonly caused by exceeding the truncate time of 60 seconds Tourniquet ----CORRECT ANSWER----------flat length of vinyl, rubber, or fabric with velcro, which restricts blood flow and causes the venous blood to accumulate, enabling better palpation of a vein prior to phlebotomy Phlebotomy: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------withdrawal of blood from a vein Gloves: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------ask patients about the possibility of late allergies as part of the screening questions proper to assembling phlebotomy supplies Tourniquets: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------some facilities use latex tourniquets; screening questions about latex allergies with gloves will provide info regarding the issue Isoproply alcohol wipes: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------standard for skin preparing for all draws except blood cultures Nonalcohol prep kits or swabs: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------used for blood cultures; can include providone-iodine or chlohexidine gluconate swabs
Plastic needle holder: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------Adapter that connects to the needle and where the collection tube is inserted during phlebotomy Winged infusion: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------Butterfly style of needle attached to a length of tubing and affixed to a plastic needle holder; used on small or fragile veins such as those of the hands or pediatric and geriatric patients Antigcoagulant: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------a chemical substance that prevents clotting Coagulation: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------the process by which a clot forms in the blood Whole blood: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------Total volume of blood including plasma and formed elements; blood that has not been separated by chemical additives or centrifuging Fistula: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------an abnormal connection between two body parts; an arteriovenous fistula may be present at birth or surgically created in patients with renal insufficiency to aid with dialysis Port: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------a small medical appliance that is installed beneath the skin, used to administer medication or withdraw blood samples Masectomy: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------surgical removal of one or both beats, typically associated with a diagnosis of cancer
What happens if tubes are NOT drawn in the correct order: ----CORRECT ANSWER----- -----the additives could inadvertently affect the test How are vacuum tubes identified: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------stopper color and additives Additive of yellow stopper: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------sodium polyanethol suflonate Lab use of yellow stopper: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------SPS for blood culture specimen collections in microbiology Additive for Light blue stopper; ----CORRECT ANSWER----------sodium citrate Lab use for light blue stopper: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------coagulation studies Additive for red stopper: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------plastic: clot activator glass: no additive Lab use for red stopper: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------for serum determinations in chemistry
- may be used for routine blood donor screening and diagnostic testing of serum for infectious diseases Additive for god or tiger top stopper: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------serum separator tube
- clot activator
- thixotropic gel
methods of selection: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------warming the site to increase blood flow and the use of a tourniquet, palpation, or infrared vein scanner What is sometimes determined based on the patients age: ----CORRECT ANSWER----- -----site selection What age requires only a heel stick and capillary blood specimen unless extensive testing is required: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------newborns to infants 6 months of age what age group typically require capillary samples obtained through finger stick: ---- CORRECT ANSWER----------patients 6 months to 2 years What age group is a regular venipuncture is easily accessible and considered routine: -- --CORRECT ANSWER----------for patiens 2 years and older During site selection, check with patients regarding possible medical restrictions due to: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------fistulas, ports, or mastectomy What are the proffered site for venipuncture procedures performed by a ma: ---- CORRECT ANSWER----------medican cubital vein, cephalic vein, and basilic vein When should blood drawn from the foot be performed - ---CORRECT ANSWER---------- under the supervision of a physician due to the risk of deep vein thrombosis Brachial Vein: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------
Cephalic Vein: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- Median cubital vein ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- Basilic vein ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- Median Cubital Vein: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------located in the center of the antecubital space, most common vein used for phlebotomy procedures Cephalic Vein: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------located in the lateral antecubital space; one of two preferred veins for phlebotomy procedures Basilic Vein: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------vein located in the medical antecubital space; superficial to the brachial artery Antecubital space: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------the inner bend of the elbow; primary site for phlebotomy procedures Deep vein thrombosis: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------formation of a blood clot with a deep vein (most commonly the veins in the legs) With loss of venous sufficiency ----CORRECT ANSWER----------veins are prone to roll When veins lose elasticity ----CORRECT ANSWER----------they are fragile and easily damaged by venipuncture
Where do you place the sharps container: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------dominant side Why do we place the sharps container on the dominant side? ----CORRECT ANSWER-- --------allows the needle to disposed of properly without the need for crossing the contaminated needles across the body How do you disinfect the site: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------with 70% alcohol pads, moving in concentric circles of increasing diameter starting from the anticipated needle insertion site What do you NOT do after cleansing the site ----CORRECT ANSWER----------blow on the area or wave hands over it in attempt to dry the alcohol faster What depends on the techniques to perform venipuncture: ----CORRECT ANSWER------ ----patient, test ordered, and integrity of skin What is the most commonly used technique for phlebotomy procedures is the: ---- CORRECT ANSWER----------evacuated tube or vacuum tube method What happens if the top of the tube is removed or compromised in any way: ---- CORRECT ANSWER----------the vacuum will be lost and the tube should be discarded What method is commonly used for smaller or more fragile veins in the dorsal hand, but can also be used in the antecubital area: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------winged fusion Butterfly needles size: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- 25 - 26 guage
Selecting a phlebotomy method is based on: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------condition of patients veins, age, skin conditions, and overall health, as well as the professional experience and judgment of the MA What is the typically gauge: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- 21 - 22 gauge Used needles should NeVER be _____ ----CORRECT ANSWER----------recapped Where do you apply the tourniquet: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- 3 - 4 inches above the site Extended tourniquet time can lead to: ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------increased patient discomfort
- accumulation of platelets in restricted veins How to apply the tourniquet: ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------place 3-4in above site
- pull up and cross
- pull one end taut then pinch at base to trap tension
- tuck tail underneath taut tourniquet
- release How long do you need to wait before re-applying the tourniquet: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------2 minutes What can lead to increased bacteria at the puncture site: ----CORRECT ANSWER-------- --touching the alcohol pad with a gloved finger and then palpate the vein What degree should you insert the needle: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- 15 - 30 Degree angle
Which method is not commonly performed int he ambulatory care setting: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------syringe method How do you anchor the vein: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------grasping firmly with the thumb 1 inch below the draw site and holding the skin taunt What do you do once blood flow has been established: ----CORRECT ANSWER---------- release the pressure of the tourniquet What does the size of the syringe depend on: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------amount of blood required for the ordered tests What are capillary puncture supplies; ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------nonsterile gloves
- automatic retractable lancets
- disinfectant pads
- gauze
- bandage wraps
- micropipette
- blood collection device
- capillary tube sealer
- biohazard sharps container What is the preferred puncture site for obtaining a capillary punter in adults and children: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------middle or ring fingers of the non dominant hand Where do you perform the capillary puncture: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------slightly off-center, avoiding the central fleshy part of the fingertip, finger nail, and nail bed
Where do you perform an infant capillary: ----CORRECT ANSWER----------outer edge of the underside of the heel What must happen for a capillary procedure to be successful: ----CORRECT ANSWER- ---------good blow flow What happens when the patients hands are cold during a capillary puncture: ---- CORRECT ANSWER----------the capillaries are somewhat constricted and it can be difficult to collect enough blood How do you warm a patients hand prior to a capillary puncture: ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------have patient rub them together
- run them under warm water
- or sit on them for a few minutes When red is used before Yellow 1st to prevent ----CORRECT ANSWER------- Contamination Most commonly used gauge butterfly for infants is ----CORRECT ANSWER------- 25 gauge The differential blood count is defined as ----CORRECT ANSWER-------The ratio between WBCs and RBCs The ratio between different types of RBCs Red pigment in RBCs that forms oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin (bright red color) is called ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Hemoglobin Hemoglobin in RBCs enable erythrocytes to carry ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Oxygen
high level of platelets ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Thrombocytosis Percentage of treatment decisions based on lab results ----CORRECT ANSWER------- 60 - 70% nonspecific test for inflammatory disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Sedimentation Test for type and quantity of hemoglobin in blood ----CORRECT ANSWER------- Hemoglobin electrophoresis WBC differential determines the ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Percentage and type of white blood cell in blood A P P T ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Monitors heparin Test monitors platelet function ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Platelet aggregation Test included in electrolyte testing ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Carbon dioxide, potassium, lithium, sodium Test to detect pancreatic disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Lipase and amylase Decreased levels of what can indicate malnutrition ----CORRECT ANSWER------- Albumin
Which test can identify liver disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Alkaline phosphate A L p Ammonia amylase and bilirubin Indirect antihemoglobin test is the same as ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Antibody screen Test performed prior to blood tranfusion ----CORRECT ANSWER-------A B O, R h, antibody screen, compatibility Test confirms syphilis ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Fluorescent treponema antibody blood culture can detect ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Bacteria, yeast, viruses In addition to identifying bacteria a culture and sensitivity provides information on ---- CORRECT ANSWER-------Antibiotics useful for treating the identified bacteria Why at can not be found in urine dipstick ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Potassium You can find glucose, blood and specific gravity Test that can be useful in diagnosing and treating skeletal disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Alkaline phosphatase, human chorionic gondalotopin, myoglobin Amylase, lipase and B12 can be useful in diagnosing blank disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Digestive system Endocrine system disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER-------Addison's disease
