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A comprehensive set of questions and answers related to the nha pct bhs 2023 exam. It covers a wide range of topics relevant to the field of practical nursing, including patient care, vital signs, wound care, and postmortem care. A valuable resource for students preparing for the nha pct bhs exam.
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Purpose of SCDs - Correct Answers ✅Prevent blood clots and increase blood circulation How many fingers go between SCD and patient leg? - Correct Answers ✅2 fingers What is the purpose of anti embolism or TED hoses? - Correct Answers ✅Prevent blood clots from forming in the deep veins of the leg. Also help prevent fluid build up. DVT (deep vein thrombosis) - Correct Answers ✅SCDs and anti embolism stockings are used to prevent these from occurring sterile dressing change - Correct Answers ✅PCTs can assist with sterile dressing changes but is out of PCT scope of practice to do on their own. aseptic dressing changes - Correct Answers ✅This is known as clean technique and PCTs are allowed to perform this. These may be over wounds or incision sites. Remember to prevent infection control and monitor for pain. Simple dressing change steps - Correct Answers ✅1. Perform hand hygiene, assist the patient into a comfortable position, and don gloves.
intake and output - Correct Answers ✅The measurement of the patient's fluid intake and output How many ounces in milliliter - Correct Answers ✅30 oz to 1 ml Vital Signs (VS) - Correct Answers ✅The measure of the functions of the vital organs of the body. Includes temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. The 5th vital sign is level of pain. normal blood pressure - Correct Answers ✅120/80 mmHg Normal heart rate range - Correct Answers ✅60-100 bpm Normal oxygen levels - Correct Answers ✅95- Normal respiration rate - Correct Answers ✅12-20 breaths per minute Obtain vital signs - Correct Answers ✅1. thoroughly clean all components of the vitals machine before entering, let it dry for 3 min
b. patient should be on their back, in fowler's position -ASK PATIENT HOW IS THEIR PAIN LEVEL, REPORT 6 OR ABOVE TO NURSE
Activities or Daily Living - Correct Answers ✅Bathing, eating, toileting, bed change, oral care Bathing a patient - Correct Answers ✅Supplies: wash cloths, towels, gown, wash basin, cleansing solution, lotion, and deodorant. bath water temperature - Correct Answers ✅The temperature of the water used to give a bath, should be between 105-115 degrees Fahrenheit Oral care for unconscious patient - Correct Answers ✅when providing oral care for an unconscious patient place them on their side to prevent aspiration of liquids Oral care importance - Correct Answers ✅Infection prevention How to bath a patient - Correct Answers ✅Cleanest area to dirtiest Linen change - Correct Answers ✅- patient's bed should be clean & comfortable
ammonia and lactate acid need to be on ice slurry bilirubin needs to be protected from light Wound infection symptoms - Correct Answers ✅Redness Swelling or Edema Foul odor Purulent drainage Warmth (skin feels hot) Fever, Tachycardia Pain Wound edges may be separated, with dehiscence nasal cannula - Correct Answers ✅A device that delivers low concentrations of oxygen through two prongs that rest in the patient's nostrils. incentive spirometry - Correct Answers ✅a common postoperative breathing therapy using a specially designed spirometer to encourage the patient to inhale and hold an inspiratory volume to exercise the lungs and prevent pulmonary complications Bed alarms and chair alarms - Correct Answers ✅Sounds alarm when patient gets out of bed or chair, used to prevent falls
NG tube placement - Correct Answers ✅xray to confirm proper placement, monitor NG output (color and amt), monitor nasal skin around tube, monitor tubing for kinks & "plugs" JP Drain (Jackson Pratt) - Correct Answers ✅Closed-suction soft tube usually placed post-op to drain blood and inflammatory fluids from body Suctioning - Correct Answers ✅-hyperoxygenate client -suction 10-15 seconds (rotating motion); limit 2-3 attempts -Allow 20-30 sec recovery between attempts -Document amount , color, and consistency of secretions as well as client's response stages of grief - Correct Answers ✅1. Denial
Standard Precautions - Correct Answers ✅CDC precautions used in the care of all patients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status; this category combines universal and body substance precautions contact precautions - Correct Answers ✅practices used to prevent spread of disease by direct or indirect contact use gown example CDIFF, MRSA Droplet precautions - Correct Answers ✅Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing. wear a surgical mask examples influenza Airborne precautions - Correct Answers ✅Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei. wear n95 mask example tuberculosis
Blood Culture Collection - Correct Answers ✅Sterile blood specimen for blood cultures for a patient suspected of having sepsis. Site to be cleaned with Chlorhexidine or Iodine, not alcohol. BCCs are always done FIRST, before any other tubes. Sepsis - Correct Answers ✅Dangerous infection of the blood sentinel event - Correct Answers ✅an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof artifacts in EKG - Correct Answers ✅distortion of ekg tracing; any abnormal wave, spike, not generated by electrical activity of the heart wandering baseline interrupted baseline somatic tremor AC interference EKG lead placement (5 Lead) - Correct Answers ✅White above green: sky above grass, white on right Brown to the pt. right of sternum: poop by the stomach Black above red: smoke over fire
shark teeth type waves Atrial Flutter - Correct Answers ✅irregular beating of the atria; often described as "a-flutter has QRS can be normal heart beat wave like ventricular tachycardia - Correct Answers ✅a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles no QRS ventricular fibrillation - Correct Answers ✅the rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles no QRS Asystole - Correct Answers ✅absence of contractions of the heart Bradycardia - Correct Answers ✅slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm) Tachycardia - Correct Answers ✅fast heart rate
hypotension - Correct Answers ✅low blood pressure Hypertension - Correct Answers ✅high blood pressure edema - Correct Answers ✅swelling diaphoresis - Correct Answers ✅profuse sweating petechiae - Correct Answers ✅a small red or purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin. purpura - Correct Answers ✅multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin Hematoma - Correct Answers ✅bruise enema - Correct Answers ✅the placement of a solution into the rectum and colon to empty the lower intestine through bowel activity sitz bath - Correct Answers ✅a warm soak of the perineal area to clean perineal wounds and reduce inflammation and pain
palliative care - Correct Answers ✅Care designed not to treat an illness but to provide physical and emotional comfort to the patient and support and guidance to his or her family. end of life care - Correct Answers ✅-provide comfort and supportive care during dying process -improve quality of remaining life -help ensure a dignified death -provide emotional support to family
Vein not accessible but need blood draw Lab test requires Patient at risk for iatrogenic anemia Iatrogenic anemia - Correct Answers ✅anemia caused by collecting too much blood from a patient by volume in a given amount of time Order of Draw for a Capillary Puncture - Correct Answers ✅1. Blood Gas