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A collection of questions and answers related to the cna competency exam. It covers various topics relevant to nursing practice, including patient care, safety, and infection control. The document aims to assist nursing students in preparing for the cna exam by providing insights into common exam questions and their correct answers.
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What is meant by the term "resident physician"?
When shaving a patient, you should always shave in the direction of what? - correct answer✅hair growth --When shaving a patient's face, you should shave downward; when shaving theneck, you should shave upward. What is a partial bath?
stored? - correct answer✅ The urinary drainage bag should be secured to the bedframe --Never place the urinary drainage bag on a movable part of the bed (such as aside rail) because that may dislodge the catheter. Your patient has been placed on I&O this means you should... - correctanswer✅Record all the fluid intake and output Muscle astrophy - correct answer✅muscles decrease, typically due to lack of movement and exercise Before meals & After meals - correct answer✅before= ACAfter= PC Muskuloskeletal System - correct answer✅gives the body framework, protectsorgans, allows movement, and maintains structure 7 Signs of Cancer - correct answer✅1 Change in bowel or bladder habits A sore that does not heal 3 Unusual bleeding or discharge 4 Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere5 Indigestion or difficulty swallowing 6 Obvious change in wart or mole7Nagging cough or hoarseness Fecal Incontinence - correct answer✅The inability to control bowel movements,causing stool (feces) to leak or ooze unexpectedly from the rectum. Brachycardia - correct answer✅slow heart rate (less than 60bmp) Clear Liquid Diet - correct answer✅foods that turn to liquid at room temperature& you can see through ex. grape juice, broth, jell-o, popsiclesNOT ORANGE JUICE OR PUDDING Abbreviation for 3x a day - correct answer✅TID or T.I.D.
Passive-- someone moves joints w/ no help from the clientActive-- client does on own or with help of devices Your patient is in contact precautions. What does this mean? - correct answer✅Contact precautions signal that a patient has an infection that can betransmitted through touch. It is necessary to wear a gown, gloves, and sometimes a mask when caring forthese patients, as their infection could be transmitted to you or others. ex. MRSA, VRE, Diarrheal illnesses Droplet precautions - correct answer✅Must be followed for a patient known orsuspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large-particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing. Wear mask, gown, and gloves The last sense to leave the body - correct answer✅hearing Varicose Veins - correct answer✅Result from weakened valves --abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs Which is the best way to prevent joint and muscle damage? - correctanswer✅active & passive exercises Range of Motion (ROM) - correct answer✅provide a way to maintain jointflexibility
What is the most important thing you can do to prevent infection? - correctanswer✅Wash your hands. Apical Pulse - correct answer✅pulse taken with a stethoscope and near the apexof the heart (count for 1 full minute) Edema - correct answer✅swelling
Blood Pressure - correct answer✅normal blood pressure = systolic less than 120 & diastolic less than 80 systolic blood pressure - correct answer✅the point where the 1st sound is hearthe top # of the read (systolic=sky so it is upper) Systole= the period where the heart muscles contract Prehypertension & Hypertension - correct answer✅pre = 120 - 139 & 80 - 89hypertension = 140 & 90 or higher Major risks for a stroke - correct answer✅hypertension
Patients have the right to be free from restraints unless what is obtained? - correctanswer✅An authorization (order) from a physician --Orders for restraints must be written for a specific and limited time period, withthe intention of preventing the patient from harming himself or others. A patient requests details regarding their medical condition. What should you do?
A patient is refusing a treatment that the doctor prescribed. What should you do?
How can you best support a patient's spiritual needs? - correct answer✅Take thetime to listen to what matters most to them. Treat their beliefs and ideas with caring and respect, even if you do not necessarily agree with them. What is ethnocentrism? - correct answer✅Ethnocentrism is judging anotherculture based on your own cultural beliefs and experiences. You have a patient who insists on praying five times a day at specific times. Basedon this information, you know he likely is a practicing " ." - correct answer✅Muslim --Salat, or Muslim prayer, is one of the five pillars of Islam. Generally speaking, which cultures typically would frown upon a male caretakercaring for a female patient? - correct answer✅Arab, Middle Eastern, Orthodox Jewish answer✅The patient stating he feels feverish is subjective; the fact that he is flushed and shaking is objective. --Subjective data cannot be measured or observed, whereas objective data canbe.
The opening of the colostomy to the outside of the body is called the - correctanswer✅stoma --the artificial opening in the body done during surgery CVA - correct answer✅also known as a stroke Which of the following personal qualities is a nursing assistant demonstrating when he or she accepts his or her own limitations? - correct answer✅Honesty Honesty is the personal quality in which the nursing assistant demonstrates his orher acceptance of his or her own limitations, along with understanding the job's duties and holding oneself accountable for what he or she does. --Other groups may be uncomfortable with a male caretaker as well, such asfemale abuse victims or elderly women. The circulatory system consists of... - correct answer✅heart, arteries, veins,capillaries
hospitalization. However, Parkinson's disease willnot affect an elderly patient's ability to learn, nor does the aging process MRSA - correct answer✅A life threatening skin disease that spreads through theblood stream Scabies - correct answer✅skin rash that is caused by an infestation of tiny mites Shingles - correct answer✅is a viral skin condition that infects the patient's nervepath What are two general goals of skin care when bathing a patient? - correctanswer✅Promote comfort and remove pathogens Parkinson's disease may cause patients to have chronic conditions, which includemuscle tremors or arthritis that may affect their ability to walk, stand, or stoop. Patients who have difficulty walking or standing are more apt to fall, which could lead to injuries that will require
Other indicators of pain can include: sweating, grunting, crying, or moaning What should you do when recording observations? - correct answer✅You are onlypermitted to use blue or black ink when recording patient information. It is mandatory that you sign your name and title to all entries that you make. It is okay to make mistakes when documenting; however, you should not scratch out the mistakes, nor should you erase them or use a liquid eraser. If you are asked to place a patient in the Sim's position, how will you place them? - correct answer✅On his or her side with the patient's undermost arm positioned at his or her back The tympanic membrane temperature is one in which you - correct answer✅takethe patient's temperature using his or her ear Physical signs that a resident is in pain - correct answer✅tachycardia (increased pulse), tachypnea (increased respirations), and dyspnea (difficulty breathing) areall physical signs of pain.
The patient's blood pressure is 145/79. Would this data be considered qualitativeor quantitative? - correct answer✅Quantitative --Quantitative data deal with numbers and things that can be measured, whereasqualitative data deal with words. How might a diagnosis of Parkinson's affect a patient's ability to communicate? - correct answer✅Those with Parkinson's may have trouble speaking or develop a"masklike" expression that makes it difficult for them to convey how they are feeling through facial expressions. You are meeting new patients for the first time. How should you address them? - correct answer✅Mr., Mrs., Ms, or Dr. (depending on their title), followed by theirlast name --Unless the patient asks you to call them otherwise, it is best to address them by their title and last name. This is both professional and respectful. You should take the preventative approach with your patients. You should helpyour patients by preventing them from being harmed or becoming weaker or immobile
Crossing your arms in front of you may convey what? - correct answer✅Crossingyour arms in front of you can be a nonverbal way of communicating defensiveness, lack of trust, or resistance. --Try to avoid crossing your arms in front of your patient so they do not view youas unapproachable. When should cold therapy be used to treat an injury? - correct answer✅immediately after the injury occurs to decrease blood flow and swelling --Cold therapy should be used with care because it can cause tissue damage ifdone improperly. What is a TENS machine? - correct answer✅A TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) machine uses nerve signals to help treat the pain associatedwith arthritis, sprains, and other aliments. You are caring for a patient who is hearing impaired. What are some things you can do to make sure you are communicating effectively? - correct answer✅Facethe patient so they can see your mouth, speak clearly and distinctly, try to minimize background noise, have them repeat information back to you, and provide information in writing when necessary.