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NEWEST NEURO NR341 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM 2025 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

NEWEST NEURO NR341 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM 2025 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY AGRADED What are the signs and symptoms of increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>change in LOC, change in speech, change in vital signs, seizures, headache, vomiting, eye changes, posture changes What is the first sign of increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>changes in LOC What is cushing's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>an effect of increased ICP of increased systolic BP, decreased pulse, and cheyne-stokes respirations

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2024/2025

Available from 07/03/2025

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NEWEST NEURO NR341 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM 2025
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY AGRADED
What is the max GCS score? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>15
What is the minimum GCS score? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>3
What GCS score should you intubate? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>8 and under
What are the limitations of the GCS? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>age, drugs, and language
What is normal intracranial pressure (ICP)? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>5-15 mmHg
What are the signs and symptoms of increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>change in LOC,
change in speech, change in vital signs, seizures, headache, vomiting, eye changes, posture
changes
What is the first sign of increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>changes in LOC
What is cushing's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>an effect of increased ICP of increased
systolic BP, decreased pulse, and cheyne-stokes respirations
What is Cheyne-Stokes respiration? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>it is an abnormal rhythm of
breathing with alternation periods of hyperventilation and apnea
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Download NEWEST NEURO NR341 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM 2025 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NEWEST NEURO NR341 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM 2025

UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

ALREADY AGRADED

What is the max GCS score? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 15 What is the minimum GCS score? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 3 What GCS score should you intubate? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 8 and under What are the limitations of the GCS? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> age, drugs, and language What is normal intracranial pressure (ICP)? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 5 - 15 mmHg What are the signs and symptoms of increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> change in LOC, change in speech, change in vital signs, seizures, headache, vomiting, eye changes, posture changes What is the first sign of increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> changes in LOC What is cushing's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> an effect of increased ICP of increased systolic BP, decreased pulse, and cheyne-stokes respirations What is Cheyne-Stokes respiration? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> it is an abnormal rhythm of breathing with alternation periods of hyperventilation and apnea

What is Kussmaul respiration? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> deep, rapid breathing often induced by acidosis What condition does Kussmaul respirations commonly occur with? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** DKA What posture changes occurs with increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> decerebrate, decorticate,or flaccid What is decerebrate posturing? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Extensor response; problem with midbrain or pons What is decorticate posturing? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Flexor response; problem with cervical spinal tract or cerebral hemisphere What are the eye changes that occur with increased ICP? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** papilledema, pupillary changes, impaired eye movement What is a common cause of increased brain volume? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> cerebral edema; can also be caused by a tumor or meningitis What causes increased blood volume? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> loss of auto-regulation, decreased oxygenation, hypercapnia, increased metabolic demands, and obstruction of venous outflow What causes increased cerebrospinal fluid? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> hydrocephalus, blockage of normal flow, obstruction of normal re-absorption, and excess production of CSF

What electrolytes should be monitored with ICP mgmt.? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> sodium --> seizures What all should be monitored with ICP mgmt.? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> ICP, electrolytes, ABG's vital signs, daily weights, strict I&O, diabetes insipidus (DI), and SIADH What tubes should be placed with increased ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> NG tube or orogastric tube Which tube is preferred with patients who have facial fractures or skull fractures? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> orogastric tube Nursing Mgmt. ICP: What forms of management should be given? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** airway, pain and anxiety (sedate) Nursing Mgmt. ICP: How should the transducer be kept? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> at level with the drain What is diabetes insipidus? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes insipidus? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> polyuria, low urine specific gravity, increased diuresis, increased sodium, decreased potassium What is the nursing management of diabetes insipidus? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> vasopressin What is SIADH? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> abnormal stimulation to the hypothalamic area of the brain, causing excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (Vasopressin)

What are the signs and symptoms of SIADH? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> oliguria, high urine specific gravity, fluid retention, decreased diuresis, decreased sodium, increased potassium What is the nursing management of SIADH? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> fluid restrictions administer potassium sodium restriction diuretics Demeclocycline drug use to suppress vasopressin What is the normal urine specific gravity? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1.000-1. Nursing Mgmt. ICP: What should be avoided with increased ICP? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** extreme hip flexion, valsalva maneuver, coughing, sneezing, hypoxemia, and sudden arousal from sleep What is the valsalva maneuver? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Exhaling forcibly with the glottis

closed What is hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> low oxygen in the blood Nursing Mgmt. ICP: Why should extreme hip flexion be avoided? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> to protect the patient from injury Medical Mgmt. ICP: Adequate oxygenation - CORRECT ANSWER >>> goal PaO2, airway vigilance/watching, mechanical ventilation, adequate hematocrit Medical Mgmt. ICP: What is normal hematocrit levels? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> men: 42-54% women: 38-46%

Medical Mgmt. ICP: Loop Diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER >>> reduce brain tissue volume and decreased CSF formation Medical Mgmt. ICP: Fluid Administration - CORRECT ANSWER >>> optimize fluid administration with isotonic solutions, strict I&O, colloids or blood products to restore volume What is the goal of fluid administration? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> serum osmolality less than 320 mOsm/L Medical Mgmt. ICP: Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER >>> avoid hypertension and avoid hypotension What is the goal MAP for for BP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 70 - 90 mmHg What is the goal CPP for BP? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 70 mmHg Medical Mgmt. ICP: Why would you want to avoid hypertension? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** hypertension increases cerebral blood volume Medical Mgmt. ICP: What medication is used to decrease hypertension? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Nicardipine Medical Mgmt. ICP: Why would you want to avoid hypotension? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** ischemia Medical Mgmt. ICP: What medication is used to increase hypotension? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Vasopressors

Medical Mgmt. ICP: What temperature control mechanism is used to decrease metabolic demand and decrease the work of the brain? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> induced hypothermia Medical Mgmt. ICP: What is the goal temperature of induced hypothermia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 34 - 35 degrees Celcius Medical Mgmt. ICP: What are the drawbacks of induced hypothermia? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** bradycardia, shivering (can increase ICP), skin issues Medical Mgmt. ICP: What medications would be used for sedation? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Benzodiazepines Propofol/Diprovan Analgesia (Fentanyl) Medical Mgmt. ICP: What should you monitor for when administering Propofol? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Hypertension Medical Mgmt. ICP: What should you do for seizure precautions? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Provide padding Remove unsafe objects from around pt Dilantin/Phenytoin Medical Mgmt. ICP: What should you monitor for when administering Dilantin/Phenytoin? What precaution should you use? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> hypertensive reaction; don't push fast Medical Mgmt. ICP: What is a neuromuscular blockade? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> use of paralytics

drug or EtOH (ethanol) withdrawal acute brain injury metabolic disturbances What is the physiological response for status epilepticus? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** hypertension, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperglycemia, hyperthermia, lactic acidosis, and possible irreversible neuronal destruction Status Epileptic: Collaborative Care - CORRECT ANSWER >>> stay and protect patient from injury airway and oxygenation management neurological assessment cardiac monitoring Status Epileptic: What medications are administered? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, barbiturates Status Epileptic: What medication is administered as a benzodiazepine? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Lorazepam (Ativan) is first choice Status Epileptic: What medication is administered as a first line drug? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** benzodiazepine/Lorazepam Status Epileptic: What medication is administered as a anticonvulsant? **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Phenytoin

Phosphenytoin (Cerebyx)

Status Epileptic: What medication is administered if benzodiazepines and anticonvulsants are not effective? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Barbiturates/ Phenobarbital Status Epilepticus: What is the goal of using barbiturates/Phenobarbital? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** to place the patient in an induced coma What is an acute stroke? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> sudden onset of focal neurological symptoms r/t changes in cerebral blood flow What is a stroke? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply Stroke: What is the recommended time from door to doctor? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 10 minutes Stroke: What is the recommended time from doctor to access to a neurological expertise? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 15 minutes Stroke: What is the recommended time from door to CT scan completion? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 25 minutes Stroke: What is the recommended time from door to CT scan interpretation? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 45 minutes Stroke: What is the recommended time from door to treatment? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 60 minutes Stroke: What is the recommended time from admission to monitored bed? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 3 hours

What is Kernig's sign? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> after flexing the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, pain and resistance are noted shows meningeal irritation What is Brudzinski's sign? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> after forced flexion of the neck there is a reflex flexion of the hip and knee and abduction of the leg showing meningeal irritation What steroid is the drug of choice for bacterial meningitis? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** Dexamethasone (Decadron), but Solumedrol can be used What form of precautions is a patient with bacterial meningitis placed on? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> droplet and seizure What can cause bacterial meningitis? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> N. meningitidis or H. influenzae What should be avoided with bacterial meningitis? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> any activities that can increase ICP such as:

  • avoid valsalva maneuver
  • prevent coughing
  • avoid hypotension
  • KEEP the HOB elevated What comfort measures are given to a patient with bacterial meningitis? **- CORRECT ANSWER

** maintenance of normal body temperature dim lights What is autonomic dysreflexia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> results in vasodilation above the injury site and vasoconstriction below the injury site with spinal cord injuries at T6 or higher

What can trigger autonomic dysreflexia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> restrictive clothing, wrinkled sheets, full bladder, UTI, pressure areas, or fecal impaction What signs/symptoms can be seen of vasodilation with autonomic dysreflexia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> (above level of injury) increased BP, flushed face, headache, distended jugular veins, decreased HR, increased sweating What signs/symptoms can be seen of vasoconstriction with autonomic dysreflexia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> (below level of injury) paleness, coolness, no sweating