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NES Special Education EXAM TEST BANK
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Joshua's a 16th year old boy with CP. He has limited speech but can point and use gestures to make choices. What would be an effective way to administer an age-appropriate transition assessment to Joshua? A. Using an if-then chart. B. Reading a traditional assessment out loud to Joshua. C. Allowing the family to choose answers for Joshua. D. Using a work-task preference assessment with visuals.
- ANSWER Answer: D A work-task preference assessment would allow Joshua to independently rank his choices of most-to least-desired tasks. At which of the following ages could IEP rights be transferred to a student? A. Sixteen years old. B. Fourteen years old. C. Eighteen years old. D. Twenty-Two years old. - ANSWER Answer: C Depending on the state, a student reaches the age of majority at age eighteen, at which point the IEP rights are transferred from parent to student.
B's a junior in high school and plans to attend a state university upon graduation. B has accommodations on his current IEP and his parents are concerned that these accommodations will not be provided in college. What should his parents do? A. Work with B's team to prepare him to attend university without any accommodations. B. Encourage B to reach out to the college to discuss his needs. C. Check in with the college to be sure it is following B's IEP. D. Request the IEP change to a 504 so that the plan will follow B to college.
- ANSWER Answer: B B's parents cannot discuss his accommodations with the college. They will need to encourage B to self-advocate and reach out to his college's disabilities services office. Patty's a 21 year old adult with Down Syndrome. While she's able to follow a schedule, cook meals for herself, and work full-time, she struggles to budget money. Patty would like to live alone, but her parents are concerned that she needs more support. Which of the following would be the best living situation for Patty? A. Live independently. B. Live at home with her parents. C. Live in partially supervised group housing. D. Live in a supervised group home. - ANSWER Answer: C Patty should choose a partially supervised facility that will offer her some independence but will also provide the particular support she needs. Ticket to Work is a program that... A. Connects individuals with disabilities with potential employers. B. Helps fund tuition for students with disabilities. C. Matches people with disabilities with available jobs in the federal government. D. Provides internships, which serve as a stepping-stone to employment. - ANSWER Answer: A Ticket to Work is a government-run program that connects individuals with disabilities who receive SSI or SSDI payments to potential employers.
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a special education teacher? A. Administering psychological tests. B. Tracking student progress. C. Collaborating with families. D. Planning behavioral interventions.
- ANSWER Answer: A Psychological testing is done by the school psychologist. Which provision of IDEA stipulates that parents must receive written notification of educational placement decisions? A. Parent Participation B. Procedural Safeguards C. Individualized Education Program D. Appropriate Evaluation - ANSWER Answer: B Procedural safeguards require parents to receive written notification for all meeting dates and educational decisions. After a group project-based learning assignment, a high school physics teacher asks each member of the group to fill out an evaluation of their other team members. What method of assessment is he using? A. Peer Assessment B. Multi-Perspective Assessment C. Self-Assessment D. Formative Assessment - ANSWER Answer: A Students assessing other students is peer assessment.
Dr. Ross is one of the professionals on the multidisciplinary team conducting a comprehensive evaluation for a 1st grade student. He gives a behavioral checklist to both the student's teacher and parents. Why is he likely doing this? A. To compare with intelligence test results. B. To get a broad perspective on behavior across settings. C. To rule out weak motor skills development as the antecedent of the target behavior. D. To calibrate results; to do so, all tests must occur both in a home and school setting. - ANSWER Answer: B Behavior at home and school can vary, and input from all individuals should be considered. During progress monitoring of a 2nd grade student during a tier 2 intervention, a teacher reaches the conclusion that the student has not yet fully mastered several high-frequency sight words. This is preventing the student from fully participating in the small-group intervention. What would be the next step? A. Referring the student for a comprehensive evaluation for special education. B. Administering a battery of standardized achievement tests. C. Making a referral to the speech-language pathologist. D. Targeting the student for tier 3 interventions with sight words.
- ANSWER Answer: D In the RTI framework, if students are not making sufficient progress in tier 2 interventions, they are then given more intensive tier 3 interventions. A middle school math teacher wants to assess her instructions to determine which teaching methods are most effective in helping students learn to convert improper fractions to mixed numbers. What method might be helpful? A. Achievement Testing B. Formative Assessment C. Action Research D. Response to Intervention - ANSWER Answer: C
Brown v. Board of Education prompted an investigation into whether separate school facilities were equal, uncovering needs which Congress tried to address through ESEA. Court cases such as Diana v. State Board of Education of California and Larry P. v. Riles mandate... A. That related services be provided. B. Nondiscriminatory evaluation. C. Access to the general education curriculum. D. Testing accommodations.
- ANSWER Answer: B Diana v. State Board of Education of California established the requirement for students to be tested in their native language, while Larry P. v. Riles resulted in a ruling that IQ tests are culturally biased. Courtney's a 2nd grade student who's half a year behind her peers in reading. She participates in a small group reading intervention three days a week to try to catch up to grade-level expectations. Which tier of the RTI process is Courtney most likely in? A. Tier 1 B. Tier 2 C. Tier 3 D. She's a special education student and not part of RTI. - ANSWER Answer: B A small group intervention three days a week is an appropriate tier 2 support. Ian's parents wrote to the school principal requesting that he be evaluated for special education services. Should the school district move forward with a formal evaluation? A. No; the school does not have enough intervention information. B. Yes; the school has thirty days to complete an evaluation. C. No; Ian's parents must write to the special education director. D. Yes; the school has sixty days to complete an evaluation. - ANSWER Answer: D
Parents may request an evaluation under IDEA, and the school has sixty days to complete an evaluation once a request is made. Mr. Peralta wrote an annual IEP for his 12th year old student, Mark. In the IEP, he included a student profile, service dates, measurable goals and benchmarks, specially designed instruction, and accommodations. Which of the following components is missing for Mark's IEP to be legally defensible? A. Transition Plan B. Related Services C. Present Level of Performance D. Strengths and Interests - ANSWER Answer: C The IEP must have a present level of performance for each area of need in order to track progress based on that baseline level. Who are the required members of an IEP team? A. Parent, GENED teacher, SPED teacher, and an individual who can interpret evaluations. B. Parent, school psychologist, SPED teacher, school representative, and an individual who can interpret evaluations. C. Parent, GENED teacher, school psychologist, school representative, and an individual who can interpret evaluations. D. Parent, GENED teacher, SPED teacher, school representative, and an individual who can interpret evaluations. - ANSWER Answer: D IEP teams must include the parent or guardian, general education teacher, special education teacher, school representative, and an individual who can interpret evaluations. Which federal mandate requires public schools to evaluate a student who may have a disability? A. Equitable Services B. Due Process C. Section 504 D. Child Find - ANSWER Answer: D
When Ms. Johnson gets a new group of kindergartners in her classroom, she believes she will have more behavior problems from students who live in the government-subsidized housing in town. Ms. Johnson's attitudes toward those students is an example of what? A. Bias B. Discrimination C. Hatred D. Harassment - ANSWER Answer: A Bias is the belief of inequality between groups, which often leads to prejudiced action. It may be an unconsciously held belief. Which of the following BEST describes when biased instruction and assessment lead to unequal representation of certain groups in special education? A. Discrimination B. Disproportionality C. Unbiased Evaluation D. Systemic Bias - ANSWER Answer: B Disproportionality is when groups are unequally represented in special education compared to general populations. Which of the following is NOT a frequent stressor for families of students with disabilities? A. Medical costs. B. Unequal allocation of time between siblings. C. Increased social obligations. D. Lack of child care. - ANSWER Answer: C Many families of children with disabilities have less opportunity for social outings. What's one probable explanation for the feelings of guilt experienced by parents of children with disabilities?
A. The cause of the disability is often unexplained. B. The parents were abusive. C. The parents were neglectful. D. They lack social support. - ANSWER Answer: A Unknown cause of the disability may lead to parental feelings of guilt. Physical environments which are designed to support access for all follow which architectural principle? A. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) B. Americans with Disabilities (ADA) C. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) D. Universal Design - ANSWER Answer: D The principle of universal design promotes designing spaces in a way that is easily accessible and benefits everyone. Which of the following community characteristics is most likely to have an enabling effect on people with disabilities? A. Low-income neighborhood. B. Early intervention programs. C. Limited job market. D. Lack of social support. - ANSWER Answer: B Early intervention programs help improve long-term outcomes for individuals with disabilities. A student has a disability that impairs both his understanding of spatial relationships and his perceptual-motor skills. Which of the following math tasks would likely pose the greatest difficulty to this student? A. Calculating the area of a given rectangle by applying a formula. B. Reversing a mathematical operation to check an answer. C. Constructing congruent geometric shapes on graph paper.
B. Self-correcting written work. C. Following multistep oral directions. D. Recognizing sight words. - ANSWER Answer: C Since the student has short-term memory deficits, retaining new information would be difficult. Following multistep oral directions would require the student to use auditory short-term memory. A SPED teacher is meeting with the parents and siblings of a student who will begin receiving SPED services because of a TBI, OI, and specific learning disabilities. To help support this student's ongoing learning and development, it would be most appropriate for the SPED teacher to encourage the family to: A. Communicate openly among themselves about the student's strengths and needs. B. Divide the responsibilities of caring for the student equally among all family members. C. Stay informed about the latest research findings regarding each of the student's disabilities. D. Contact a community agency for respite care for the student during school vacations. - ANSWER Answer: A By encouraging the family to engage in open communication, the SPED teacher is applying knowledge of family systems theory (what happens to one family member is considered to affect all family members). A 6th grade student with a learning disability in reading has difficulty understanding the meaning of words. This student is likely to experience the most difficulty with which of the following activities? A. Copying a list of vocabulary words from the board. B. Participating in a choral reading of a poem. C. Locating a particular word in an index. D. Summarizing a passage from a chapter book. - ANSWER Answer: D A student who has difficulty understanding the meaning of words may still be able to copy the words onto paper, read them aloud, or look them up in an index.
A SPED teacher should be aware that anticonvulsant medications used to control seizure disorders most often have which of the following side effects? A. Drowsiness B. Fever C. Irritability D. Diarrhea - ANSWER Answer: A Anticonvulsant medications are used to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. A student who has spina bifida and wears orthoses must be monitored closely for which of the following? A. Low blood sugar B. Pressure sores C. High blood pressure D. Bone fractures - ANSWER Answer: B Orthoses, or braces, are commonly used with individuals who have spina bifida to aid in maintaining the position of a joint, such as the ankle or knee joint. Parents/guardians who consistently provide encouragement and feedback to their developing child are most likely to have an influence on the child's ability to: A. Achieve at an outstanding level academically. B. Create relationships with a diverse group of peers. C. Engage enthusiastically in learning tasks. D. Become a leader among same-age peers. - ANSWER Answer: C Research has shown that children who have parents/guardians who are supportive of their development are likely to become motivated, enthusiastic learners. A SPED teacher in a resource room has several students with specific learning disabilities in math who are frequently overheard complaining, "Why should we try to learn this stuff when we'll never use it?" The SPED teacher decides to develop a community-based activity with a local store owner in which students practice buying and selling merchandise. Which of the
A. Muscular Dystrophy B. Epilepsy C. Type 1 Diabetes D. Spina Bifida - ANSWER Answer: A Muscular dystrophy is marked by the progressive wasting away of the body's muscles. Compared with children without hearing loss, children born with hearing loss are most likely to experience significant delays in which of the following developmental domains? A. Cognitive B. Emotional C. Fine-Motor D. Language - ANSWER Answer: D Research has shown that children who are born with a hearing loss, especially when the loss is not identified early, are likely to experience both receptive and expressive language delays. Which of the following fine-motor skills do children typically develop last? A. Turning doorknobs. B. Drawing circles. C. Cutting shapes with scissors. D. Turning one page of a book at a time. - ANSWER Answer: C Children will typically acquire developmental milestones in a sequence from simple to more difficult tasks. Using scissors to cut out a shape requires more dexterity than the other finemotor tasks listed. Compared with students with mild intellectual disabilities, students with learning disabilities are more likely to have: A. Satisfying social relationships when they reach adulthood. B. Successful experiences in a general education classroom placement. C. Deficits in fine- and/or gross-motor skill development.
D. One or more specific cognitive difficulties rather than global delays. - ANSWER Answer: D Students with mild intellectual disabilities typically demonstrate delays across most areas of cognitive development, whereas students with learning disabilities most often demonstrate difficulty in specific areas, such as reading, writing, or mathematics. Students with mild intellectual disabilities tend to exhibit which of the following cognitive characteristics? A. Difficulty applying newly learned skills to a different context. B. Relative strength in retaining information in short-term memory. C. Difficulty learning by observing others. D. Relative strength in maintaining attention to the task at hand. - ANSWER Answer: A Students with mild intellectual disabilities tend to learn a new skill best through direct instruction and repetition. When these students are later asked to demonstrate the skill in a new situation or in a different context, they often have difficulty transferring what they have learned to the new situation or context without additional direct instruction. Which of the following gross-motor skills do children typically develop last? A. Catching a ball with their arms held straight. B. Jumping forward, taking off and landing with two feet. C. Walking up stairs, using alternating feet. D. Kicking a stationary ball. - ANSWER Answer: B Children typically acquire new gross-motor skills following a series of developmental milestones. Jumping forward by taking off and landing with two feet requires more balance and coordination than the other gross-motor skills listed. Which of the following students is demonstrating characteristics most often associated with an emotional impairment? A. A 2nd grade student who frequently complains of a stomachache in the morning before going to school. B. A 1st grade student who prefers to play with one particular child on the playground.
Which of the following social/emotional abilities typically appears for the first time during adolescence? A. Understanding one's own particular strengths and taking pleasure in one's accomplishments. B. Understanding that the perspective of others may be influenced by their background or circumstances. C. Understanding that two people can have very different emotional responses to the same situation. D. Understanding how different types of body language can reflect a person's emotions. - ANSWER Answer: B Research has shown that the development of empathy occurs at an early age; however, the ability to understand that another's perspective may be influenced by his or her general life condition does not typically appear until early adolescence. Which of the following students is demonstrating characteristics most often associated with a pragmatic language disorder? A. A 3rd grade student who's unable to comprehend a text when asked to read it aloud but can understand the same text when reading it silently. B. A 5th grade student who has difficulty completing written assignments and handing them in on time. C. A 6th grade student who is unable to recall newly learned vocabulary words from various subjects. D. A 4th grade student who has difficulty understanding conversational turn taking. - ANSWER Answer: D A student with a pragmatic language disorder will have difficulty with the social aspects of language. One example of the social aspects of language is understanding the rules of conversation. Which of the following symptoms is most characteristic of an absence seizure? A. Staring blankly for a brief time. B. Experiencing uncontrolled muscle spasms.
C. Losing consciousness for several minutes. D. Having sudden muscle stiffness. - ANSWER Answer: A An absence seizure is one in which a student will often display a blank, expressionless stare, typically lasting a short period of time. It may appear as if the student is daydreaming or not listening. The student may or may not know that he or she has experienced this type of a seizure. A SPED teacher who coteaches in a GENED class would have which of the following responsibilities? A. Supervising the various specialists who provide services to students with IEPs. B. Critiquing the GENED teacher's lesson plans and observing instructional effectiveness. C. Ensuring that the students in the class who have IEPs make adequate progress toward their individual goals. D. Creating behavior management guidelines to use with the entire class. - ANSWER Answer: C One way to provide students with disabilities access to the general education curriculum is to place several students with disabilities in an inclusive classroom that is cotaught by a general education teacher and special education teacher. A student with developmental delays and a visual impairment is entering kindergarten. This student's IEP must include a statement saying that the student will be provided with: A. Assistive technology as needed in order to participate in the general education curriculum. B. Social work services in the home environment. C. A service coordinator who will collaborate with various community agency programs. D. Accommodations for statewide achievement testing. - ANSWER Answer: A Federal law requires an IEP team to include a component in the IEP specifying how a student with disabilities is to access the general education curriculum. The primary role of a SPED teacher in developing a behavioral intervention plan for a student with learning disabilities is to: A. Solicit input from school administrators.
