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NES Special Education EXAM 2025 | ALL
CURRENT EXAM VERSIONS 2025 |
ACCURATE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
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1. What has been a recent trend regarding the education of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? A) Increased use of medication B) Early identification and intervention C) Placement in separate schools D) Focus on physical therapy only Correct Answer: B) Early identification and intervention Rationale: Early identification and intervention have been shown to improve developmental outcomes and provide timely support for children with ASD. 2. The IEP for a student with multiple disabilities includes services from four different therapists, daily nursing care, and a one-on-one paraprofessional. School administrators state they do not have enough funds to provide the services outlined in the student's IEP. What best describes the school district's legal obligation? A) Provide services based on available funds B) Provide some services and refer the rest C) Meet all the requirements of the IEP regardless of cost D) Ask parents to pay for additional services Correct Answer: C) Meet all the requirements of the IEP regardless of cost Rationale: Under federal law, schools must provide all services specified in the IEP regardless of the cost to ensure a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE).
3. A community-based psychologist contacts a middle school student's special educator requesting access to the student's school records. What step should the teacher take before granting access? A) Allow access without restrictions B) Obtain written permission from the student's parents C) Consult the school principal first D) Provide only academic records Correct Answer: B) Obtain written permission from the student's parents Rationale: The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) requires written parental consent before releasing student records to outside parties. 4. An English language learner with an orthopedic impairment does not qualify for special education but requires physical accommodations to participate in school activities. What federal law requires that an accommodation plan be developed for the student? A) IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) B) Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act C) Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) D) No federal law applies Correct Answer: B) Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act Rationale: Section 504 requires schools to provide accommodations to students with disabilities who do not qualify for special education under IDEA. 5. Students with what type of disability or impairment tend to receive services in more restrictive environments? A) Learning disabilities B) Emotional impairments C) Speech impairments D) Orthopedic impairments Correct Answer: B) Emotional impairments Rationale: Students with emotional impairments often require more intensive and restrictive environments due to behavioral needs.
Correct Answer: C) Leaving a copy of a student's IEP in plain view on her desk during class Rationale: FERPA protects student privacy; leaving confidential documents in plain sight breaches confidentiality.
9. Response to Intervention (RTI) is a current trend in identifying what types of disabilities? A) Intellectual disabilities B) Emotional disabilities C) Learning disabilities D) Physical disabilities Correct Answer: C) Learning disabilities Rationale: RTI is a multi-tiered approach focused on early identification and support for learning disabilities. 10. What describes the greatest effect that word-prediction and voice-activated software have had on education for students with physical and/or sensory disabilities? A) Increased dependence on teachers B) Helping students become more independent as learners C) Reduced need for special education services D) Improved handwriting skills Correct Answer: B) Helping students become more independent as learners Rationale: Assistive technology empowers students with disabilities to perform tasks independently. 11. What would be the most effective way for an elementary school special education teacher to establish regular communication with each student's parents/guardians? A) Weekly phone calls B) Monthly newsletters
C) Obtaining parental consent for individual notebooks where teacher and parents write updates D) Sending emails only when problems arise Correct Answer: C) Obtaining parental consent for individual notebooks where teacher and parents write updates Rationale: Individual notebooks promote two-way, ongoing communication tailored to each student.
12. A fourth grader with individual goals related to functional living skills attends a general class. What is the most effective way for the special education teacher to collaborate with the classroom teacher? A) Provide separate lessons during recess B) Work with the teacher to incorporate life skills into the student's daily routine C) Send home worksheets for parents D) Focus only on academic goals Correct Answer: B) Work with the teacher to incorporate life skills into the student's daily routine Rationale: Integrating goals into daily activities promotes skill generalization. 13. What is the primary benefit of involving high school students with disabilities in planning their academic programs? A) Ensuring they meet graduation requirements B) Practicing self-determination by advocating for their learning needs and goals C) Reducing teacher workload D) Allowing parents to control decisions Correct Answer: B) Practicing self-determination by advocating for their learning needs and goals Rationale: Student involvement fosters independence and ownership of learning. 14. A special education teacher needs information on universal precautions to avoid blood-borne infections. What organization is the most appropriate
17. A special educator in a self-contained classroom has students who receive pull-out speech therapy. To integrate speech goals into daily curricula, the teacher should ask the speech-language pathologist: A) "When are the therapy sessions scheduled?" B) "What are the specific skills you are working on with each student?" C) "Can you provide extra homework?" D) "Should I observe your sessions?" Correct Answer: B) "What are the specific skills you are working on with each student?" Rationale: Knowing targeted skills allows the teacher to reinforce goals across settings. 18. What activity is most effective for a special educator beginning to identify their own cultural biases? A) Attending diversity training only B) Tracing their own backgrounds, values, and traditions C) Reading textbooks about culture D) Avoiding discussions about culture Correct Answer: B) Tracing their own backgrounds, values, and traditions Rationale: Self-reflection is key to understanding personal biases. 19. A middle school special educator is assigned a paraprofessional. The most effective way to collaborate is to: A) Let the paraprofessional work independently B) Review together each student's IEP and discuss the paraprofessional's role in implementing it C) Assign generic tasks without discussion D) Provide the paraprofessional with minimal guidance Correct Answer: B) Review together each student's IEP and discuss the paraprofessional's role in implementing it Rationale: Collaboration ensures consistent and effective support.
20. A middle school student with a learning disability in written expression is in general education language arts class but shows declining performance, while receiving above-average grades. The special educator's most effective response is to: A) Accept the grades as accurate B) Meet with the general education teacher to show samples of the student's prior work reflecting capabilities C) Advise the student to work harder D) Remove the student from the class Correct Answer: B) Meet with the general education teacher to show samples of the student's prior work reflecting capabilities Rationale: Communicating evidence helps align grading with actual performance. 21. A high school math teacher will teach students with learning disabilities in math. After collaborating on instructional activities, the special educator should next: A) Grade student work B) Explain which parts of the unit will pose most difficulty for each student C) Observe the math teacher's class only D) Provide alternative homework Correct Answer: B) Explain which parts of the unit will pose most difficulty for each student Rationale: Targeted information helps the teacher prepare and differentiate instruction. 22. What disability is degenerative and often leads to death in adolescence or early adulthood? A) Muscular dystrophy B) Cerebral palsy C) Down syndrome D) Autism spectrum disorder
Rationale: Learning disabilities affect specific academic areas without general intellectual impairment.
26. Students with mild intellectual disabilities tend to exhibit what cognitive characteristic? A) Strong generalization skills B) Difficulty applying newly learned skills to a different context C) Advanced problem-solving abilities D) No cognitive deficits Correct Answer: B) Difficulty applying newly learned skills to a different context Rationale: Generalization of skills is often challenging for students with intellectual disabilities. 27. What gross-motor skills do children typically develop last? A) Walking B) Running C) Jumping forward, taking off and landing with two feet D) Crawling Correct Answer: C) Jumping forward, taking off and landing with two feet Rationale: These complex gross motor skills require coordination and strength developed later. 28. What student is demonstrating characteristics most often associated with an emotional impairment? A) A second-grade student who frequently complains of stomachache in the morning before school B) A student with frequent broken bones C) A student with poor vision D) A student with difficulty reading
Correct Answer: A) A second-grade student who frequently complains of stomachache in the morning before school Rationale: Somatic complaints can be a manifestation of emotional difficulties.
29. What student is demonstrating characteristics most often associated with autism spectrum disorder? A) A kindergarten student who does not engage in pretend play, talks exclusively about astronomy, and misinterprets social cues B) A student with hearing loss C) A student with ADHD D) A student with intellectual disability Correct Answer: A) A kindergarten student who does not engage in pretend play, talks exclusively about astronomy, and misinterprets social cues Rationale: Restricted interests, social communication deficits, and lack of imaginative play are common in ASD. 30. What is generally the most advanced linguistic skill a typical eight-year-old can be expected to demonstrate? A) Reciting the alphabet B) Telling a story that includes cause-and-effect relationships C) Naming colors D) Using two-word phrases Correct Answer: B) Telling a story that includes cause-and-effect relationships Rationale: By age eight, children typically can organize narratives with logical connections. 31. What social/emotional ability typically appears for the first time during adolescence? A) Sharing toys B) Understanding that others’ perspectives may be influenced by background or circumstances
B) Constructing congruent geometric shapes on graph paper C) Counting objects D) Multiplying numbers Correct Answer: B) Constructing congruent geometric shapes on graph paper Rationale: Spatial and perceptual-motor deficits impact geometry tasks.
35. A middle school student with learning disabilities in reading and writing and ADHD begins taking prescribed stimulant medication. What behavioral changes should the special educator expect? A) Increased hyperactivity B) Increased ability to focus on academic tasks C) Decreased academic skills D) Increased sleepiness Correct Answer: B) Increased ability to focus on academic tasks Rationale: Stimulants typically improve attention and reduce hyperactivity. 36. A student with mild intellectual disability and emotional impairment becomes physically aggressive when frustrated. The most effective family support would be: A) Ignoring the behavior at home B) Implementing a behavior management strategy at home that complements the school plan C) Sending the student to a different school D) Using punishment only Correct Answer: B) Implementing a behavior management strategy at home that complements the school plan Rationale: Consistency between home and school behavioral strategies supports emotional regulation. 37. A student with short-term memory deficits would likely have the most difficulty with what task?
A) Following multi-step oral directions B) Running a race C) Coloring a picture D) Playing with peers Correct Answer: A) Following multi-step oral directions Rationale: Short-term memory difficulties affect retention of sequential instructions.
38. A special educator meets with the family of a student with traumatic brain injury, orthopedic impairment, and specific learning disabilities. To support the student's learning, the educator should encourage the family to: A) Limit discussions about the disability B) Communicate openly about the student's strengths and needs C) Rely solely on the school D) Avoid seeking outside help Correct Answer: B) Communicate openly about the student's strengths and needs Rationale: Open family communication fosters support and advocacy for the student. 39. A sixth-grade student with a reading disability has difficulty understanding the meaning of words. This student will likely have the most difficulty with: A) Summarizing a passage from a chapter book B) Copying text C) Coloring pictures D) Memorizing math facts Correct Answer: A) Summarizing a passage from a chapter book Rationale: Vocabulary deficits hinder comprehension and summarization. 40. A special educator should be aware that anticonvulsant medications used to control seizures most often have what side effect? A) Increased energy
Parents/guardians who consistently provide encouragement and feedback to their developing child are most likely to have an influence on the child's ability to - ANSWER engage enthusiastically in learning tasks A special education teacher in a resource room has several students with specific learning disabilities in math who are frequently overheard complaining, "Why should we try to learn this stuff when we'll never use it?" The sped teacher decides to develop a community-based activity with a local store owner in which students practice buying and selling merchandise. What best describes the role this type of activity plays in student development? - ANSWER Facilitating learning through an authentic experience A kindergartner with type 1 diabetes will be attending a general education class. The student's teacher should be aware of what common indicators of hyperglycemia? - ANSWER increased thirst and frequent urination As part of a three-year-reevaluation, IEP team would like to determine a student's progress in reading, writing, and mathematics. What would be the most appropriate assessment tool for this purpose? - ANSWER an individually administered standardized achievement test A sped teacher would like to recommend instructional strategies to use with a fifth-grade student who has a learning disability in mathematics. What assessment would be most appropriate for this purpose? - ANSWER a curriculum-based assessment A sped teacher is preparing to conduct an initial evaluation of an English language learner. To minimize bias most effectively, the teacher should administer - ANSWER assorted formal and informal tests in the student's primary language
A sped teacher is preparing to conduct an evaluation of a kindergarten student who has fragile X syndrome. An adaptive behavior assessment would provide the teacher with information aobut - ANSWER the student's self-help and social skills A sped teacher would like to identify where a student need instructional help in learning to solve mathematical word problems. The most effective strategy for the teacher to use would be to - ANSWER conduct a mathematics task analysis A sped teacher will be participating in a functional behavior assessment (FBA) of a student who has recently become physically disruptive in class. What is the first step in conducting an FBA? - ANSWER Describe the student's behavior in concise, observation-based terms A portfolio assessment primarily provides an IEP team with documentation of - ANSWER a student's strengths and evidence of progress that has occurred over time IEP team is preparing to conduct a three-year reevaluation of a high school student with learning disabilities and ADHD. What strategy would likely be the most effective when administering a standardized achievement test to this student? - ANSWER repeating oral directions as needed and providing frequent breaks during testing sessions What describes a limitation of using a standardized test with a student who has a learning disability? - ANSWER it is difficult to use the test results to develop effective instructional strategies A sped teacher is administering an initial individual achievement test to a secondgrade student. What best explains why the teacher should discontinue a subtest after the student makes four consecutive errors? - ANSWER A ceiling level has been reached
when selecting the least restrictive environment for this student? - ANSWER a general education classroom with push-in services What item must be specified in the IEP for a student who is 16 years old? - ANSWER transition services What type of support would be the most appropriate for an IEP team to implement in order to integrate a first grader with a mild intellectual disability into a general education classroom? - ANSWER a modified academic curriculum A fourth-grade student with disabilities will soon be participating in statewide achievement testing. What must be true in order for the student to receive testing accommodations? - ANSWER The student's IEP must document the student's need for consistent accommodations What IEP team member is responsible for assessing a student's gross-motor skills?
- ANSWER a physical therapist A sped teacher has completed an initial evaluation of a fourth-grade student suspected of having a reading disability. Based on the student's scores, the teacher should begin instruction by focusing on - ANSWER improving phonics skills A sped teacher has been working with a third grader on double digit subtraction. The sped teacher has tried a new instructional approach with the student and is evaluating its effectiveness by using a graph. What would be the most accurate interpretation of these data? - ANSWER The student improved consistently in response to the new instructional approach What must occur after comprehensive individual evaluation in order for a student to receive special education services? - ANSWER The evaluation team must meet
to determine whether the student has a disability that adversely affects the student's learning What procedures should be pre-referral team follow before making a formal referral to evaluate a student's eligibility for special education services? - ANSWER documenting the effects of intervention strategies A sped teacher in a middle school wishes to establish a token economy system with the students in his self-contained classroom. What guidelines would be most important for the teacher to follow in helping ensure this system's effectiveness? - ANSWER provide tokens immediately after students demonstrate a targeted behavior A new sped teacher will be teaching elementary students with autism spectrum disorder in a self-contained classroom. What guidelines would be the most important for the special educator to follow in planning and managing the learning environment - ANSWER develop consistent and predictable daily routines A new sped teacher will be working in self-contained classroom with elementary students. What strategy would be most effective for the teacher to use in creating classroom rules? - ANSWER working with students to create a list of five to seven positively stated classroom rules and using modeling to teach students the behaviors reflected by these rules A middle school student with learning disabilities and a moderate bilateral hearing loss who wears behind-the-ear hearing aids will be attending general education classes throughout the day. A sped teacher will be serving as a consultant to the student's general education teachers. To promote the student's success in the general education setting, the special educator's first step should be to - ANSWER
