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NCSF PERSONAL TRAINING EXAM
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY &
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY LATEST
EXAM 2024 | 200+ EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+) | LATEST
VERSION
Poor flexibility in the muscle indicated by the arrow can lead to an exaggerated lordotic curvature and diminished range of motion during hip extension and knee flexion. A. rectus femoris B sartorius C. semitendinosus D. biceps femoris ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. rectus femoris The rhomboids are the prime mover for the ____________ exercise and are responsible for scapular retraction. A. Romanian deadlift B. biceps curl C. seated row D. lunge ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. seated row
Which of the following muscles is an external rotator of the femur and is associated with low back pain when it becomes tight and limits range of motion? A. vastus intermedius B. quadratus lumborum C. pectineus D. piriformis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. the piriformis Which of these muscles commonly lack flexibility, often leading to a pelvic imbalance that increase the tendency for the pelvis to migrate into a posterior tilt? A. quadriceps B. hip abductors C. hamstrings D hip adductors ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. hamstrings During the performance of a squat exercise, which muscle group is most responsible for hip extension? A. gluteal muscles B. quadriceps C hamstrings D. hip adductors ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. gluteal muscles At which spinal motion segment do most intervertebral disc injuries occur? A. C1-C B. C7-T C. T12-L D. L5-S1 ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. L5-S
D. levator scapulae ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. rhomboids major The main action of the muscle indicated by the arrow is ____________. A. ankle plantar flexion B. ankle dorsiflexion C. knee flexion D. knee extension ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. ankle dorsiflexion During the pull-up exercise, the ____________ are the prime movers. A. teres minor and latissimus dorsi B. teres major and triceps C. teres major and obliques D. teres major and latissimus dorsi ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. teres major and latissimus dorsi During a forward lunge, the front (weight-bearing) leg uses ____________ during the upward phase. A. concentric contractions of the hip and knee flexors B. eccentric contractions of the hip and knee flexors C. eccentric contractions of the hip and knee extensors D. concentric contractions of the hip and knee extensors ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. Concentric contractions of the hip and knee extensors Which of the following examples would present the longest resistance arm, making it the most mechanically disadvantaged position for the body during resistance training?
A. Side dumbbell lateral raises at 90 degrees of shoulder abduction B. Dumbbell Fly on a flat bench at the end range of motion (full horizontal adduction) C. Biceps curl at 90 degrees of elbow flexion D. Starting position of a triceps push-down ------CORRECT ANSWER-------- ------A. side dumbbell lateral raises at 90 degrees of shoulder abduction Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff? A. Coracobrachialis B. Teres Major C. Supraspinatus D. Pectoralis Major ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. supraspinatus Which of the following muscles is the prime mover during the seated calf- raise exercise? A. Gastrocnemius B. Semitendinosus C. Soleus D. Anterior Tibialis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. soleus Spinal extension could be used to evaluate the range of motion in which of the following muscles? A. Latissimus Dorsi B. Erector Spinae C. Rectus Abdominis D. Quadratus Lumborum ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. rectus abdominis
The downward phase of the deadlift exercise involves a(n) __________ contraction of the hip and knee extensors. A. Isometric B. Plyometric C. Concentric D. Eccentric ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. eccentric Seated knee extension on a machine has reduced __________ recruitment versus the knee extension that occurs while standing (closed chain) due to the position of the hip. A. Vastus medialis B. Rectus femoris C. Vastus intermedius D. Vastus lateralis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. rectus femoris A lifting posture with noticeable anterior pelvic tilt may be attributed to tightness in the __________. A. Latissimus dorsi B. Erector spinae C. Rectus abdominis D. Iliopsoas ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. iliopsoas This muscle indicated by the arrow is the __________. A. Brachioradialis B. Pronator teres C. Biceps brachii D. Coracobrachialis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. brachioradialis
Type I muscle fiber are converted to type II fibers due to ___________. A. fast twitch nerve activation from training B. chronic muscle glycogen depletion from training C. improvements in calcium release rates D. None of the above. Slow twitch fibers cannot be converted into fast twitch fibers. ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. slow twitch fibers cannot be converted into fast twitch fibers Due to fiber dynamics, activities requiring a combination of elevated force and prolonged duration preferentially recruit the __________ fibers to perform work. A. Type I B. Type II a C Type II b D. Type III ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. type IIa For increased stability during the exercise, the hip adductors would experience the highest force production requirements from isometric contractions during a __________. A. standing shoulder press using a single dumbbell B. seated shoulder press with a barbell C. standing bilateral cable shoulder press D. the adductors are not used for stabilization ------CORRECT ANSWER---- ----------A. standing shoulder press using a single dumbbell The muscle indicated by the arrow is the __________ and works with the gluteus minimus and medius to cause hip abduction. A. tensor fascia latae B. iliopsoas C. sartorius
C. rhomboids D. teres minor ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. rectus abdominis Resisted shoulder extension and humeral adduction can both be used to train the ____________. A. latissimus dorsi B. anterior deltoid C. subscapularis D. teres minor ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. latissimus dorsi The forward lunge occurs in which movement plane? A. frontal B. transverse C. sagittal D. horizontal ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. sagittal plane Tight hip flexors often lead to an increased lordotic curve of the _______ spine. A. cervical B. thoracic C. lumbar D. sacral ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. lumbar The growth plates at the ends of a long bone are called __________ and may be damaged under very high levels of stress in growing children. A. articular surfaces B. bursa sacs C. epiphyseal plates
D. sutures ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. epiphyseal plates The muscles indicated by the arrows is the ____________. A. brachialis B. triceps brachii C. biceps brachii D. brachioradialis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. biceps brachii What is the correct movement of the glenohumeral joint during a triceps extension exercise? A. dorsi flexion B. no joint movement C. extension D. abduction ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. no joint movement The concept that energy is transferred across joints to support voluntary movements is termed ____________. A. neuromuscular system B. systematic transfer C. kinetic chain D. isotonic acceleration ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. kinetic chain Which of the following muscles in commonly found to lack proper flexibility; promoting a posterior tilt as seen in this picture? A. quadriceps B. glutes C. obliques
Which muscle is responsible for the first 30 degrees of trunk flexion and is targeted during the crunch movement? A. obliques B. iliopsoas C. erector spinae D. rectus abdominis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. rectus abdominis During the performance of a single-leg squat (Bulgarian squat), what are the muscles considered the prime movers? A. quadriceps and glutes B. hamstrings and calf C. sartorius and hip flexors D. hip adductors and tensor fascia latae ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ---A. quadriceps and glutes What muscles acts as the agonist during performance of the Romanian deadlift A. shoulders B. pectoralis C. hamstrings D rhomboids ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. hamstrings During the descent phase of the standing barbell curl, the biceps are contracting ____________. A. concentrically B. eccentrically
C. isometrically D. isokinetically ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. eccentrically Plantae flexion of the ankle during running is caused by a concentric contraction of which muscle? A. anterior tibialis B. gastrocnemius C. hamstring D. serratus anterior ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------B. gastrocnemius During the performance of the side lateral raise, the prime mover is the ____________. A. rhomboids B. infraspinatus C. levator scapulae D. deltoid ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. deltoid Which of the following would cause dorsiflexion of the ankle? A. a concentric contraction of the anterior tibialis B. an isometric contraction of the soleus C. an eccentric contraction of the biceps femoris D. a concentric contraction of the vastus lateralis ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. a concentric contraction of the anterior tibialis Retraction of the scapulae, as seen during proper performance of the bilateral row exercise, is accomplished by a ____________. A. concentric contraction of the pectoralis major B. concentric contraction of the rhomboids
After performing a flexibility screen, it is determined that your client has difficulty moving through a full, functional range of motion at the shoulder joint; with clear limitations in external rotation capabilities. Which of the following exercises may prove difficult to perform properly as a result of this flexibility concern? A. chest flies B. standing triceps pushdown C. deadlift D. back squat ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. back squat Which of the following connective tissues is responsible for providing stability within a joint by connecting bone to bone? A. tendon B. sarcomere C. fascia D. ligament ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. ligaments The deltoid becomes the primary abductor of the humerus beginning at what joint angle; reducing involvement of the rotator cuff? A. 0 degrees B. 10 degrees C. 30 degrees D. 45 degrees ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. 30 degrees To minimize risk of injury, hamstring strength should be ____________% of quadriceps strength? A. 10 B. 25 C. 40 D. >50 ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. >50%
The performance of a lunge with forward press on a cable machine occurs in which movement plane? A. sagittal B. transverse C. frontal D. anterior ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. sagittal plane During the triceps kickback exercise, what joint action should occur at the shoulder? A. no joint movement B. flexion C. abduction D. extension ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. no joint movement During the client's performance of the overhead squat you observe the bar moving forward when the hips begin to flex. What is the most likely cause of this issue? A. weakness in the quadriceps B. low endurance in the erector spinae C. tightness in the pectorals and latissimus dorsi D. weakness in the deltoids ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. tightness in the pectorals and latissimus dorsi Tibial translation will occur during the lunge exercise if ___________. A. there is excessive dorsiflexion of the ankle B. the client has weak abdominal musculature C. excessive resistance is being used
D. cartilage ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. tendon Which of the following correctly identifies the muscles that compromise the hamstrings? A. rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semimembranosus B. semitendinosus, vastus lateralis, soleus C. biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus D. semimembranosus, sartorius, vastus intermedius ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus Which muscle dominate the upward movement when a full, anchored sit-up is performed? A. erector spinae B. hamstrings C. hip flexors D. obliques ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. hip flexors During the performance of the back squat, what is the prime mover responsible for hip extension? A. soleus B. quadriceps C. erector spinae D. gluteus maximus ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. gluteus maximus What muscle group functions as the antagonist during the performance of the leg extension exercise? A. hamstrings
B. quadriceps C. hip flexors D. internal obliques ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------A. hamstrings What muscle is responsible for shoulder flexion? A. trapezius B. biceps C. levator scapulae D. anterior deltoids ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------D. anterior deltoids What muscle is the prime mover for the lateral lunge performed in the picture? A. hip abductors B. hip extensors C. hip rotators D. hip flexors ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. hip rotators During the pulling phase of the seated row the rhomboids: A. isometrically contract to act as a stabilizer B. isokinetically contract to allow for proper back activation C. concentrically contract to cause scapular retraction D. eccentrically contract to encourage shoulder extension ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------C. concentrically contract to cause scapular retraction Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the pelvis and spine in the frontal plane, and functions as a mover during lateral trunk flexion? A. rectus abdominis B. transverse abdominis
