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NCLEX-PN QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024, Exams of Nursing

Sharda UniversityNursing

NCLEX-PN QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 03/11/2024

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NCLEX-PN QUESTIONS & ANSWERS MADE INCREDIBLY EASY!:
3,000 + QUESTIONS!
A 40-year-old client is admitted to the hospital for alcohol abuse for the third time in the
past 9 months. The health care team recommends rehabilitative treatment for this client.
Why was this treatment recommended?
1. It's the only option for controlling alcohol consumption.
2. It helps the client identify a new group of friends.
3. It helps the client understand the effects of alcohol on his body.
4. It helps the client identify the relationship between his problems and alcohol
consumption.,Correct Answer: 4
RATIONALES: The purpose of rehabilitative treatment in alcoholism is to help the client
identify the relationship between his problems and his alcohol consumption.
Rehabilitative treatment promotes abstinence, not limiting or controlling consumption. It
isn't intended to help the client identify a new group of friends or understand the effects
of alcohol on his body.
A 42-year-old client comes to the clinic and is diagnosed with shingles. Which findings
confirm this diagnosis?
Select all that apply:
1. Severe, deep pain around the thorax
2. Red, nodular skin lesions around the thorax
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Download NCLEX-PN QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NCLEX-PN QUESTIONS & ANSWERS MADE INCREDIBLY EASY!:

3,000 + QUESTIONS!

A 40-year-old client is admitted to the hospital for alcohol abuse for the third time in the past 9 months. The health care team recommends rehabilitative treatment for this client. Why was this treatment recommended?

  1. It's the only option for controlling alcohol consumption.
  2. It helps the client identify a new group of friends.
  3. It helps the client understand the effects of alcohol on his body.
  4. It helps the client identify the relationship between his problems and alcohol consumption.,Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: The purpose of rehabilitative treatment in alcoholism is to help the client identify the relationship between his problems and his alcohol consumption. Rehabilitative treatment promotes abstinence, not limiting or controlling consumption. It isn't intended to help the client identify a new group of friends or understand the effects of alcohol on his body. A 42-year-old client comes to the clinic and is diagnosed with shingles. Which findings confirm this diagnosis? Select all that apply:
  5. Severe, deep pain around the thorax
  6. Red, nodular skin lesions around the thorax
  1. Fever
  2. Malaise
  3. Diarrhea,Correct Answer: 1,2,3, RATIONALES: Shingles, also called herpes zoster, is an acute unilateral and segmental inflammation of the dorsal root ganglia. It's caused by infection with the herpes virus varicella-zoster, the same virus that causes chickenpox. It commonly causes severe, deep pain along a peripheral nerve on the trunk of the body and red, nodular skin lesions. Fever and malaise typically accompany these findings. Diarrhea doesn't commonly occur with shingles. A 43-year-old man was transferring a load of firewood from his front driveway to his backyard woodpile at 10 a.m. when he experienced a heaviness in his chest and dyspnea. He stopped working and rested, and the pain subsided. At noon, the pain returned. At 1:30 p.m., his wife took him to the emergency department. Around 2 p.m., the emergency department physician diagnoses an anterior myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse should anticipate which immediate order by the physician?
  4. Lidocaine administration
  5. Cardiac stress test
  6. Serial liver enzyme testing
  7. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA),Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: If 6 hours or less have passed since the onset of symptoms related to MI, thrombolytic therapy is indicated. (The client's chest pain began 4 hours before
  1. hormones that prevent ovulation.
  2. mechanical barriers that prevent sperm from reaching the cervix.
  3. determination of the fertile period to identify safe times for sexual intercourse.,Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: The rhythm method of family planning combines basal body temperature measurement with analysis of cervical mucus changes to determine the fertile period. This method helps identify safe and unsafe periods for sexual intercourse. A natural family planning method, the rhythm method doesn't involve use of chemical barriers, hormones, or mechanical barriers. A client asks the nurse, "Do you think I should leave my husband?" The nurse responds, "You aren't sure if you should leave your husband?" The nurse is using which therapeutic technique?
  4. Restating
  5. Reframing
  6. Reflecting
  7. Offering a general lead,Correct Answer: 3 RATIONALES: Reflecting is correct because the nurse is referring feelings back to the client to explore. When restating, the nurse simply repeats what the client said. Reframing is offering a new way to look at a situation. The nurse's response is specific; it isn't offering a general lead.

A client comes to the emergency department complaining of headache, malaise, chills, fever, and a stiff neck. Vital sign assessment reveals a temperature elevation, increased heart and respiratory rates, and normal blood pressure. On physical examination, the nurse notes confusion, a petechial rash, nuchal rigidity, Brudzinski's sign, and Kernig's sign. What does Brudzinski's sign indicate?

  1. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
  2. Cerebral edema
  3. Low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure
  4. Meningeal irritation,Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: Brudzinski's sign indicates meningeal irritation, as in meningitis. Other signs of meningeal irritation include nuchal rigidity and Kernig's sign. Brudzinski's sign doesn't indicate increased ICP, cerebral edema, or low CSF pressure. A client has a history of chronic undifferentiated schizophrenia. Because she has a history of noncompliance with antipsychotic therapy, she'll receive fluphenazine decanoate (Prolixin Decanoate) injections every 4 weeks. Before discharge, what should the nurse include in her teaching plan?
  5. Asking the physician for droperidol (Inapsine) to control any extrapyramidal symptoms that occur
  6. Sitting up for a few minutes before standing to minimize orthostatic hypotension

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of delusions of grandeur. This diagnosis reflects a belief that he is:

  1. highly important or famous.
  2. being persecuted.
  3. connected to events unrelated to himself.
  4. responsible for the evil in the world.,Correct Answer: 1 RATIONALES: A client with delusions of grandeur has a false belief that he is highly important or famous. A delusion of persecution is a false belief that one is being persecuted. A delusion of reference is a false belief that one is connected to events unrelated to oneself or a belief that one is responsible for the evil in the world. A client is receiving an I.V. infusion of mannitol (Osmitrol) after undergoing intracranial surgery to remove a brain tumor. To determine whether this drug is producing its therapeutic effect, the nurse should consider which finding the most significant?
  5. Decreased level of consciousness (LOC)
  6. Elevated blood pressure
  7. Increased urine output
  1. Decreased heart rate,Correct Answer: 3 RATIONALES: The therapeutic effect of mannitol is diuresis, which is confirmed by an increased urine output. A decreased LOC and elevated blood pressure may indicate lack of therapeutic effectiveness. A decreased heart rate doesn't indicate that mannitol is effective. A client is receiving nitroglycerin ointment (Nitrol) to treat angina pectoris. The nurse evaluates the therapeutic effectiveness of this drug by assessing the client's response and checking for adverse effects. Which vital sign is most likely to reflect an adverse effect of nitroglycerin?
  2. Heart rate
  3. Respiratory rate
  4. Blood pressure
  5. Temperature,Correct Answer: 3 RATIONALES: Hypotension and headache are the most common adverse effects of nitroglycerin. Therefore, blood pressure is the vital sign most likely to reflect an adverse effect of this drug. The nurse should check the client's blood pressure 1 hour after administering nitroglycerin ointment. A blood pressure decrease of 10 mm Hg is within the therapeutic range. If blood pressure falls more than 20 mm Hg below baseline, the nurse should remove the ointment and report the finding to the physician immediately. An above-normal heart rate (tachycardia) is a less common adverse effect of nitroglycerin. Respiratory rate and temperature don't change significantly after nitroglycerin administration. A client is scheduled for an excretory urography at 10 a.m. An order states to insert a saline lock I.V. device at 9:30 a.m.. The client requests a local anesthetic for the I.V.
  1. Ineffective coping related to the stress of surgery,Correct Answer: 1 RATIONALES: The client's statement reveals a Deficient knowledge related to food restrictions associated with general anesthesia.The other options may be applicable but aren't related to the client's statement. A client is to have an epidural block to relieve labor pain. The nurse anticipates that the anesthesiologist will inject the anesthetic agent into the:
  2. subarachnoid space.
  3. area between the subarachnoid space and the dura mater.
  4. area between the dura mater and the ligamentum flavum.
  5. ligamentum flavum.,Correct Answer: 3 RATIONALES: For an epidural block, the nurse should anticipate that the anesthesiologist will inject a local anesthetic agent into the epidural space, located between the dura mater and the ligamentum flavum in the lumbar region of the spinal column. When administering a spinal block, the anesthesiologist injects the anesthetic agent into the subarachnoid space. The ligamentum flavum and the area between the subarachnoid space and the dura mater are inappropriate injection sites. A client receiving total parental nutrition is prescribed a 24-hour urine test. When initiating a 24-hour urine specimen, the collectiontime should:
  6. start with the first voiding.
  1. start after a known voiding that empties the bladder.
  2. always be with first morning urine.
  3. always be the last evening's void as the last sample.,Correct Answer: 2 RATIONALES: When initiating a 24-hour urine specimen, have the client void, and then start timing. The collection should start on an empty bladder. The exact time the test starts isn't important, but it's commonly started in the morning. A client who sustained an L1 to L2 spinal cord injury in a construction accident asks a nurse if he'll ever be able to walk again. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
  4. "If you keep a positive attitude, you can do anything."
  5. "What makes you think you won't be able to walk again?"
  6. "What has your physician told you about your ability to walk again?"
  7. "Most likely you won't be able to, but we never know for sure.",Correct Answer: 3 RATIONALES: The nurse should respond by asking the client what he's already been told about his ability to walk again. After assessing the client's knowledge, she can better respond to the client's questioning. Option 1 provides the client with false hope, and option 2 may place the client on the defensive. Option 4 is an inappropriate response.
  1. participate in a game of charades.
  2. perform an aerobic exercise.,Correct Answer: 1 RATIONALES: Folding towels and pillowcases is a simple activity that redirects the client's attention. Also, because this activity is familiar, the client is likely to perform it successfully. Cards, charades, and aerobic exercise are too complicated for a confused client. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who has been receiving mechanical ventilation for the past 5 days, expresses to a nurse his desire to have treatment withdrawn. Which statement about the client's legal rights is true in this situation?
  3. The nurse's assessment of the client and communication with the family guides the decision-making process.
  4. The nurse is an advocate for the client and should encourage the client to accept his current treatment regimen.
  5. The health care team must follow the treatment plan that was already established with client and family input.
  6. The client has the right to refuse treatment at any time.,Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: Health care professionals must ensure a health care ethic that respects the role of the client in the decision-making process. According to the Patient's Bill of Rights, the client has the right to make decisions about his care at any time. The nurse should be a client advocate and be supportive of the decision he made.

A client with chronic renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse assess first?

  1. Blood pressure
  2. Respirations
  3. Temperature
  4. Cardiac rhythm,Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: The nurse should assess the client's cardiac rhythm using electrocardiography because an elevated serum potassium level may lead to a life- threatening cardiac arrhythmia. The client's blood pressure may change, but only as a result of the arrhythmia. Therefore, the nurse should assess blood pressure later. The nurse also can delay assessing respirations and temperature because these aren't affected by the serum potassium level. A client with end-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has profound manifestations of Cryptosporidium infectioncaused by the protozoa. In planning the client's care, the nurse should focus on his need for:
  5. pain management.
  6. fluid replacement.
  1. hypotension.
  2. hypertension.
  3. seizures.
  4. renal toxicity.,Correct Answer: 1 RATIONALES: In a client with PIH, uteroplacental perfusion may be inadequate and gas exchange may be poor. Regional anesthesia increases the risk of hypotension resulting from sympathetic blockade, possibly causing fetal and maternal hypoxia. Hypertension, seizures, and renal toxicity aren't associated with regional anesthesia. A client with newly diagnosed breast cancer asks the nurse, "Why me? I've always been a good person. What have I done to deserve this?" Which response by the nurse would be most therapeutic?
  5. "Don't worry. You'll probably live longer than I will."
  6. "I'm sure a cure will be found soon."
  7. "You seem upset. Let's talk about something happy."
  1. "Would you like to talk about this?",Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: Listening, responding quickly, and providing support promote therapeutic communication. Offering to talk about the client's feelings validates those feelings and allows the client to express them. Options 1 and 2 ignore the client's feelings. Option 3 identifies the client's feelings but doesn't follow through by exploring them. A client with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) receives magnesium sulfate, 4 g in 50% solution I.V. over 20 minutes. What is the purpose of administering magnesium sulfate to this client?
  2. To lower blood pressure
  3. To prevent seizures
  4. To inhibit labor
  5. To block dopamine receptors,Correct Answer: 2 RATIONALES: Magnesium sulfate is given to prevent and control seizures in clients with PIH. Beta-adrenergic blockers (such as propranolol, labetalol, and atenolol) and centrally acting blockers (such as methyldopa) are used to lower blood pressure. Magnesium sulfate has no effect on labor or dopamine receptors. A client, age 20, is being treated for depression. During a conversation with the nurse, she states that her father raped her when she was 7 years old. She says she has nightmares about the experience and sometimes relives it. She also reveals that she fears older men. The client may be exhibiting signs of:
  6. posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), delayed onset.

nurses' station as possible to allow maximal observation. Placing the client in a room with a client who has viral meningitis may cause harm to both clients because the organisms causing viral and bacterial meningitis differ; either client may contract the other's disease. Immunity to bacterial meningitis can't be acquired; therefore, a client who previously had bacterial meningitis shouldn't be put at risk by rooming with a client who has just been diagnosed with this disease. A diabetic client develops sinusitis and otitis media accompanied by a temperature of 100.8° F (38.2° C). What effect may these findings have on his need for insulin?

  1. They will have no effect.
  2. They will decrease the need for insulin.
  3. They will increase the need for insulin.
  4. They will cause wide fluctuations in the need for insulin.,Correct Answer: 3 RATIONALES: Insulin requirements are increased by growth, pregnancy, increased food intake, stress, surgery, infection, illness, increased insulin antibodies, and some medications. Insulin requirements are decreased by hypothyroidism, decreased food intake, exercise, and some medications. A geriatric client with Alzheimer's disease has been living with his grown child's family for the last 6 months. He wanders at night and needs help with activities of daily living. Which statement by his child suggests that the family is successfully adjusting to this living arrangement?
  5. "It's difficult dealing with Dad. It's a thankless job."
  1. "We had no idea this would be so difficult. It's our cross to bear."
  2. "Dad really seems to be making progress. We're hoping he'll be able to move back into his house soon."
  3. "Dad has presented many challenges. We have alarms on all the outside doors now. Respite care gives us a break.",Correct Answer: 4 RATIONALES: This statement demonstrates a realistic understanding of the client's disorder and effective family coping with the challenges it presents. Options 1 and 2 indicate that the family is having difficulty adjusting. Option 3 suggests that the family is in denial or has an unrealistic view of the prognosis for a client with Alzheimer's disease. A hospitalized client asks the nurse for "something for pain." Which information is most important for the nurse to gather before administering the medication? Select all that apply:
  4. Administration time of the last dose
  5. Client's pain level on a scale of 1 to 10
  6. Type of medication the client has been taking
  7. Client's reaction to the previous dose
  8. Client's most current height and weight
  9. Effectiveness of prior dose of medication,Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4,