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NBSTSA Certification Exam Questions And
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Which of the following structures is located in the alveolar processes? A. Teeth B. Villi C. Sinuses D. Tonsils - correct answer A. Teeth •The teeth are located in the socket's of the alveolar processes of the mandible and maxillae. Which of the following is the wound classification for a bronchoscopy? A. Clean B. Contaminated C. Dirty & Infected D. Clean-Contaminated - correct answer D. Clean-Contaminated •Clean-Contaminated procedures include those when the aero-digestive tract is entered. The bronchoscope is inserted through the mouth and into the bronchial tubes. The procedure is considered clean, not sterile. The enzyme used to soften the zonules of the lens before cataract surgery is: A. Atropine sulfate B. Alpha-Chymotrypsin C. Acetylcholine chloride D. Pilocarpine hydrochloride - correct answer B. Alpha-Chymotrypsin •Alpha-Chymotrypsin is a solution used to soften the zonules holding the lens before cataract surgery to ease extraction of the lens.
How should the structure be oriented when necessary to use an elevator to transport a patient to the OR? A. Place stretcher sideways in elevator B. Enter head first, exit feet first C. Position in elevator is irrelevant D. Enter feet first, exit head first - correct answer B. Enter head first, exit feet first •The patient should be placed in the elevator entering head first and exit feet first when being transported to the OR on the stretcher. Which of the following is a curved, transverse incision across the lower abdomen frequently used in gynecological surgery? A. Midline B. Paramedian C. McBurney's D. Pfannenstiel - correct answer D. Pfannenstiel •Pfannenstiel's incision is a curved transverse incision across the lower abdomen and used frequently in gynecologic surgery When perforated metal trays are placed on the shelves of the steam sterilizing cart, they should be positioned: A. Flat B. Upside down C. Vertical D. Angled - correct answer A. Flat •Metal trays that are perforated or have a mesh bottom should be placed on the sterilizing cart flat. Hyperkalemia is a high concentration of: A. Calcium B. Nitrogen C. Potassium
A. Cardia B. Fundus C. Pylorus D. Antrum - correct answer A. Cardia •The cardia is the portion of the stomach that surrounds the superior opening of the stomach. Low-level disinfectants kill most microbes, but do not destroy: A. Viruses B. Bacteria C. Fungi D. Spores - correct answer D. Spores •Low-level disinfectants kill most types of bacteria and some fungi and viruses, but do not kill spores and M. Tuberculosis Syndactyly refers to: A. Cleft palate B. Webbed fingers C. Fused tarsals D. Torn ligaments - correct answer B. Webbed fingers •Webbing of the digits is syndactyly The surgical pack utilized to create the sterile field should be opened on the: A. Stretcher B. OR table C. Backtable D. Mayo stand - correct answer C. Backtable •Surgical packs should be opened on the backtable. The islets of langerhans secrete:
A. Bile B. Insulin C. Intrinsic factor D. Inhibiting hormones - correct answer B. Insulin •The islets of langerhans secrete glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. What type of procedure would involve the removal of teeth? A. Cleft palate repair B. Arch bar application C. Extractions D. Implants - correct answer C. The removal of a tooth or teeth is an extraction procedure. The resection of the soft tissue and excision of the bone surrounding the tooth prior to the removal is called odontectomy. Which organism is a normal resident flora of the intestinal tract? A. Escherichia coli B. Staphylococcus aureus C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa D. Clostridium tetani - correct answer A. Escherichia coli •Escherichia coli is a gram-negative rod that is part of the normal flora of the intestinal tract of humans and is also an opportunistic bacteria. Where should the first scrub surgical technologist stand when handing towels to the surgeon to square off an incision site? A. Opposite side from surgeon B. Same side as surgeon C. Foot of OR bed D. Head of OR table - correct answer B. Same side as the surgeon •When using four towels for squaring off the incision site, the first towel will be passed when standing on the same side as the surgeon.
•Spirilli are spiral-shaped bacteria. The primary function of the gallbladder is to: A. Store bile B. Produce bile C. Emulsify Fats D. Metabolize fats - correct answer A. Store bile •The gallbladder stores bile until it is needed on the small intestine Which of the following is a non-sterile member of the surgical team? A. Surgeon B. Circulator C. Surgical assistant D. Surgical technologist - correct answer B. Circulator •The circulator is not part of the sterile team. The circulator performs his/her duties on the periphery of the sterile field Which of the following is not a benefit of using surface-mounted sliding doors for access to the operating room? A. Uses less space for opening B. Aid in controlling temperature C. Eliminate air turbulence D. Provides for thorough cleaning - correct answer B. Aid in controlling temperature •Sliding doors are usually used in the OR because they eliminate air currents caused by swinging doors, but a disadvantage is they do not aid in controlling OR temperature. What are the three factors for reducing ionizing radiation exposure? A. Type of procedure, equipment, radiation dose B. Exposure, frequency, concentration C. Time, shielding, distance
D. Site, age, gender - correct answer C. Time, shielding, distance •Time relates to the length of time the surgical technologist is exposed to the ionizing radiation. Shielding means donning lead aprons and other lead shield devices for protection from the radiation. Distance means standing as far away as possible out of the path of the direct beam of ionizing radiation. Which is the first part of the small intestine? A. Duodenum B. Jejunum C. Ileum D. Cecum - correct answer A. Duodenum •The duodenum starts at the pyloric sphincter of the stomach What is the surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery? A. Prone B. Lateral C. Supine D. Lithotomy - correct answer B. Lateral •The surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery is the lateral position with the operative site exposed. How are rickettsiae transmitted? A. Arthropod bites B. Physical contact C. Blood exposure D. Airborne organisms - correct answer A. Arthropod bites •Most rickettsiae are obligate intracellular parasites. They are usually transmitted by arthropod vectors. Which of the following is an examination of the cervix using a binocular microscope? A. Colposcopy B. Laparoscopy
A. Ascending B. Descending C. Cecum D. Sigmoid - correct answer C. Cecum •The appendix is attached to the cecum. Which laboratory test determines bacterial identification? A. Gram stain B. Manual count C. Prothrombin time D. Gel electrophoresis - correct answer A. Gram stain •A gram stain determines the shape and grouping characteristics of bacteria. Medication used to dilate the pupil is called: A. Miotics B. Myopics C. Mydriatics D. Muscarinics - correct answer C. Mydriatics •Mydriatics are used to dilate the pupil for examination of the retina, refraction testing, or easier removal of the lens. Which of the following drapes is non-fenestrated? A. Laparotomy B. U-drape C. Transverse D. Craniotomy - correct answer B. U-drape •U-drape is a type of non-fenestrated spilt sheet. The tails are created by a U-shape in the center of the drape.
Under what circumstances would it be appropriate to remove a patient's identification bracelet? A. During insertion of an iv catheter B. Never until patient is discharged from facility C. Postoperatively when taken to the nursing unit D. When patient is awake and alert and can verbally identify self - correct answer B. Never until patient is discharged from facility •Never remove a patients identification bracelet unless the patient is discharged from the facility. What is the position most commonly used for mitral valve replacement? A. Prone B. Sims C. Supine D. Kraske - correct answer C. Supine •Supine position is the optimal surgical position for a mitral valve replacement procedure. Which laser is best used during a vitrectomy? A. Carbon dioxide B. Nd: YAG C. Excimer D. Argon - correct answer D. Argon •The argon laser is used because the beam travels through clear tissues without heating it, making it ideal for use on retinal disorders. Which of the following monitors provides positive assurance of sterility? A. Clerical B. Mechanical C. Biological D. Chemical - correct answer C. Biological •The biological indicator (BI) contains bacillus stearothermophilus which is killed when exposed to steam sterilization conditions. The BI is the only test that guarantees sterility.
•An antagonist drug neutralizes or impedes the action of another drug, that is, reverses its effects. Which of the following directional terms describes the type of skin prep of an entire extremity? A. Spiral B. Horizontal C. Longitudinal D. Circumferential - correct answer D. Circumferential •Circumferential is the term that describes the type of skin prep of an entire extremity. What organs are excised if an ovarian tumor is malignant? A. Bilateral ovaries only B. Bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, uterus C. Unilateral involved ovary and fallopian tube D. Unilateral involved ovary and fallopian tube, uterus - correct answer B. Bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, uterus •If a tumor of an ovary is found to be malignant, the surgeon will excise both ovaries, both fallopian tubes, and the uterus to ensure that all cancer cells have been removed. Which term refers to an abnormal thoracic curve of the spine referred to as "hunchback"? A. Lordosis B. Scoliosis C. Kyphosis D. Alkalosis - correct answer C. Kyphosis •Kyphosis is an exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the spine, resulting in a condition commonly called "hunchback". What is the medical term for a bunion? A. Talipes valgus B. Hallux valgus C. Hallux varus
D. Talipes varus - correct answer B. Hallux valgus •Hallux valgus is the medical term for a bunion, which is a bony exostosis located on the medial side of the first metatarsal head of the big toe. What incision is also known as a lower oblique? A. Inguinal B. Paramedian C. Infraumbilical D. Thoracoabdominal - correct answer A. Inguinal •Another name for a lower oblique incision is inguinal incision. The small intestine attaches to the posterior abdominal wall by the: A. Mesentery B. Peritoneum C. Falciform ligament D. Lesser omentum - correct answer A. Mesentery •The mesentery binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall. What is the term for a relationship in which two organisms occupy the same area and one organism benefits while the other is unharmed? A. Commensalism B. Neutralism C. Mutualism D. Parasitism - correct answer A. Commensalism •Commensalism is a relationship between two organisms when one organism benefits but the second organism is not harmed. A topical steroid used to reduce inflammation after eye surgery is: A. Depo-medrol B. Miochol
Which portion of the surgical gown is considered non-sterile? A. Outside closure ties B. Two inches below the neckline to table level C. Upper arms, neckline and axillary region D. Sleeves; two inches above the elbow to the cuffs - correct answer C. Upper arms, neckline and axillary region •Gowns are considered sterile only in front from chest to level of sterile field and the sleeves 2 inches above the elbows to the cuffs. What is the name of the urinary catheter with a small, curved tapered tip used on patients with urethral strictures? A. Iglesias B. Coude C. Pigtail D. Bonanno - correct answer B. Coude •A Coude is a urinary catheter with a small, curved tapered tip. What is the surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery? A. Supine B. Fowler's C. Reverse trendelenburg D. Lateral kidney - correct answer C. Reverse trendelenburg •The reverse trendelenburg position provides good exposure of the operative site for a thyroidectomy and allows the viscera to fall away or toward the feet to provide better exposure of the gallbladder A congenital defect in which the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close is: A. Coarctation of the aorta B. Patent ductus arteriosus C. Tetralogy of fallot
D. Ventricular septal defect - correct answer B. Patent ductus arteriosus •Patent ductus arteriosus is a congenital defect when the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close. Which of the following is a commonly used preservative for tissue specimens? A. Saline B. Formalin C. Ethyl alcohol D. Lugol's solution - correct answer B. Formalin •Formalin is the most common preservative solution that tissue specimens are placed in. What is the first step taken for an initial incorrect closing sponge count? A. Notify surgeon and repeat count B. X-ray patient C. Check body cavity D. Complete incident report - correct answer A. Notify surgeon and repeat count •The surgeon should be immediately notified and a recount completed. The mumps may be diagnosed by finding inflammation in which of the following glands? A. Sublingual B. Thyroid C. Parotid D. Submandibular - correct answer C. Parotid •The parotid glands are located inferior and anterior to the ears between the skin and masseter muscle. The parotid glands are attacked by the mumps virus. What institutional document is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes place in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient? A. Incident report B. Operative record
A. Direct B. Indirect C. Femoral D. Hiatal - correct answer A. Direct •Hernias that occur within hesselbach's triangle and do not have a sac are a direct inguinal hernia. Which of the following incisions is oblique? A. Epigastric B. Kocher C. Paramedian D. Pfannenstiel - correct answer B. Kocher •The kocher is a type of oblique incision used for exposing the biliary tract (right side) or spleen (left side). Which of the following dilators are used in the common duct? A. Pratt B. Van buren C. Bakes D. Hegar - correct answer C. Bakes •Bakes common duct dilators are used to dilate the common bile duct during an exploration for gallstones. Which of the following is a mechanical method of hemostasis? A. Laser B. Ligature C. Thrombin D. Electrosurgery - correct answer B. Ligature •Ligature, also called ties or stick ties when a needle is attached, are strands of suture material used to tie off a blood vessel to stop bleeding.
The organ that is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the: A. Pancreas B. Gallbladder C. Stomach D. Liver - correct answer A. Pancreas •The pancreas lies posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach; it's ducts join the CBD to form the ampulla of vater. A brain tumor causing alteration of muscle tone, voluntary muscle coordination, gait and balance would likely be located in the: A. Diencephalon B. Cerebellum C. Medulla D. Pons - correct answer B. Cerebellum •The functions of the cerebellum include regulating the initiation and termination of voluntary movements of the body, regulating the muscle tone that is necessary for body movements and controlling the subconscious contractions of skeletal muscles. What is the term for a relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of another? A. Commensalism B. Neutralism C. Mutualism D. Parasitism - correct answer D. Parasitism •Parasitism is a relationship when an organism benefits at the expense of the host microorganisms. What type of disease is characterized by rapid onset and and a rapid recovery? A. Acute B. Chronic C. Primary D. Asymptomatic - correct answer A. Acute
