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NBRC SDS EXAM 202 5 /REAL 330 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED AND VERIFIED ANSWERS/ALREADY
GRADED A+/NEWEST- 2025. STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY
What is the minimum and preferred sampling rate? - SOLUTION:-
Min 200Hz; Preferred 500Hz Which respiratory equipment is used to measure apneas? - SOLUTION:->> Thermistor/thermocouple What are some common troubleshooting issues for the thermistor? - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Warm the room, remove fan,moisture on the sensor, battery needs to be changed What is considered the gold standard for measuring respiratory effort? - SOLUTION:->> >>>>RIP belts What equipment is used to measure RERAs and Hypopneas?
- SOLUTION:->> >>>>nasal pressure transducer (PTAF) What is some common troubleshooting issues for the PTAF? - SOLUTION:->>
rhinorrhea, position of the sensor, mouthbreathing, LFF can cause a dampened waveform Normal ETCO2 in mmHg and percent - SOLUTION:->> >>>>30 torrand 3-5% What are common issues that can affect the TCOM reading? - SOLUTION:->> skin thickness, anemia, decreased perfusion How do you calibrate the TCOM? - SOLUTION:->> >>>>with RA What will happen to the readings if the TCOM has a leak? - SOLUTION:->> PO2 will increase to room PO2, PCO2 will decrease to zero The snore mic is used to detect what? - SOLUTION:->> Bruxism What are the scores of Epworth Sleepiness scale? - SOLUTION:->> 0 - 5 low-normal daytime sleepiness 6 - 10 high-normal daytime sleepiness 11 - 12 Mild EDS 13 - 15 Moderate EDS 16+ Severe EDS
If the distance between 2 R waves is between 3-5 large
blocks, the rate is - ANSWER >>>>Normal
confused in the early evening What is an important factor to consider when dealing with a patient with PTSD - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Ask how is the best wayto wake them up during the night if needed What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system - SOLUTION:-
fight or flight what is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system - SOLUTION:- controls smooth muscle What is the pacemaker for circadian rhythm in the brain - SOLUTION:- suprachiasmatic nucleus What effect on sleep does a decrease in dopamine have? - SOLUTION:->> decrease sleep
If the distance between 2 R waves is less than 3-5 largeblocks, the rate is - SOLUTION:->> >>>>greater than 90bpm (tachycardia) If the distance between 2 R waves is greater than 3-5 large blocks, the rate is - SOLUTION:->> >>>>less than 60bpm (bradycardia) What is the formula for estimating HR on ECG - SOLUTION:->>
300/(# of large blocks btwn R waves) What are the causes and treatment of sinus tach - SOLUTION:->> hypoxemia, pain, stressoxygen Bruxism What are the scores of Epworth Sleepiness scale? - SOLUTION:->> >>>> 0 - 5 low-normal daytime sleepiness 6 - 10 high-normal daytime sleepiness 11 - 12 Mild EDS 13 - 15 Moderate EDS 16+ Severe EDS ## If the distance between 2 R waves is between 3-5 large ## blocks, the rate is - ANSWER >>>>Normal confused in the early evening What is an important factor to consider when dealing with a patient with PTSD - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Ask how is the best wayto wake them up during the night if needed What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system - SOLUTION:- >> >>>>fight or flight what is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system - SOLUTION:- >> >>>>controls smooth muscle What is the pacemaker for circadian rhythm in the brain - SOLUTION:- >> >>>>suprachiasmatic nucleus What effect on sleep does a decrease in dopamine have? - SOLUTION:->> >>>>decrease sleep If the distance between 2 R waves is less than 3-5 largeblocks, the rate is - SOLUTION:->> >>>>greater than 90bpm (tachycardia) If the distance between 2 R waves is greater than 3-5 large blocks, the rate is - SOLUTION:->> >>>>less than 60bpm (bradycardia) What is the formula for estimating HR on ECG - SOLUTION:->> >>>>300/(# of large blocks btwn R waves) What are the causes and treatment of sinus tach - SOLUTION:->> >>>>hypoxemia, pain, stressoxygen What are common causes and treatment of sinus brady - SOLUTION:->> >>>>blood loss, infection of heart, OSAtreat underlying cause What are common treatments for PVCs - SOLUTION:->> oxygen, lidocaine
This rhythm creates a series of identical p waves that take ona sawtooth appearance. - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Atrial flutter This rhythm occurs when multiple ectopic foci are firing almostcontinuously and produces an irregular baseline with no visible p waves and irregular QRS complexes - SOLUTION:->>
Atrial fibrillation Cardiac infarction is diagnosed by - SOLUTION:->> >>>>significantq waves Which heart block is identified by prolonged P-R interval? - SOLUTION:->> 1st degree AV block Which heart block is characterized by increasingly longer PR intervals until a missing QRS - SOLUTION:->> >>>>2nd degree AVblock Mobitz 1 (Wenchebach) longer, longer, longer, drop, then you got a wenchebach Which heart block is characterized by missing QRS - SOLUTION:-
2nd degree AV block Mobitz II If some P's don't get through, you have a mobitz type 2
Which Heart block is characterized by an atrial rate greater than 60, and a ventricular rate less than 40? The PR interval cannot be determined and the QRS is widened - SOLUTION:->>
3rd degree AV block If P's & Q's dont agree, then you have a 3rd degree What is the most common cup electrode? - SOLUTION:->> Gold plated silver electrodes (they require less maintanence than silver-sliver chlorideelectrodes) What is the most accurate method to measure intrathoracic breathing effort - SOLUTION:->> >>>>esophageal pressure Frequency is measured in , and is a unit of 1 cycleper second - SOLUTION:->> >>>>hertz The height of the waveform (measured in mV or uV) - SOLUTION:-
amplitude Increases or decreases the signal size of the amplifier signal - SOLUTION:->>
What is the opposition to current - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Impedance (resistance) Provides a path from the patient to earth - SOLUTION:->>
Grounding If not correctly grounded, the patient may receive what - SOLUTION:-
Current (shock) An unwanted current in a circuit that connects 2 points - SOLUTION:- ground loop How can a ground loop be avoided - SOLUTION:->> >>>>connectall equipment to a common ground point What are 4 sources of leakage current - SOLUTION:->> >>>>earthenclosure patient patient auxillary (gradual loss from charged capacitor) What is a lethal macro shock - SOLUTION:->> >>>>>100-300mAusually causes v fib
The lower the skin resistance (wet skin) the the shock - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Greater Which patients are at the greatest risk for a micro shock? - SOLUTION:->>
those with indwelling catheters or pacemakers State Ohm's law - SOLUTION:->> >>>>V=current x resistancecurrent is labeled "i" How much voltage is required to move a current measuring 5.6 amperes through a simple circuit containing a resistanceof 3.85 ohms? - SOLUTION:-
V=current x resistance 5.6x3.85=21.560 volts Process of rejecting or removing any similar informationbetween G and G2 - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Common mode rejection (CMRR) What type of therapy is used to treat delayed sleep phase syndrome - SOLUTION:->> >>>>light therapy What is the minimum lux needed for light therapy to be effective - SOLUTION:->> >>>>2500 lux (most patients use 10,000lux)
Distance in electrode placements FpZ to FZ FZ to CZ CZ to PZ PZ to OZ T3 to C C3 to CZ CZ to C C4 to T4 - SOLUTION:->> >>>>20% Distance in electrode placementsNasion to FpZ preauricular to T preauricular to T Inion to OZ - SOLUTION:->> >>>>10% Distance in EEG electrode placementsFp2 to F F4 to C4 C to P4 P4 to O2 Fp1 to F3F3 to C
C3 to P P3 to O1 - SOLUTION:->> >>>>25% Distance in EEG electrode placements around head with theexception of: FpZ to F1 & F2; Oz to O1 & O2 (these are 5%) - SOLUTION:->>
10% EOG electrode placement - SOLUTION:->> >>>>R eye 1 cm upand 1 cm Greater Which patients are at the greatest risk for a micro shock? - SOLUTION:->> >>>>those with indwelling catheters or pacemakers State Ohm's law - SOLUTION:->> >>>>V=current x resistancecurrent is labeled "i" How much voltage is required to move a current measuring 5.6 amperes through a simple circuit containing a resistanceof 3.85 ohms? - SOLUTION:- >> >>>>V=current x resistance 5.6x3.85=21.560 volts Process of rejecting or removing any similar informationbetween G and G2 - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Common mode rejection (CMRR) What type of therapy is used to treat delayed sleep phase syndrome - SOLUTION:->> >>>>light therapy What is the minimum lux needed for light therapy to be effective - SOLUTION:->> >>>>2500 lux (most patients use 10,000lux) Distance in electrode placements FpZ to FZ FZ to CZ CZ to PZ PZ to OZ T3 to C C3 to CZ CZ to C C4 to T4 - SOLUTION:->> >>>>20% Distance in electrode placementsNasion to FpZ preauricular to T preauricular to T Inion to OZ - SOLUTION:->> >>>>10% Distance in EEG electrode placementsFp2 to F F4 to C4 C to P4 P4 to O2 Fp1 to F3F3 to C C3 to P P3 to O1 - SOLUTION:->> >>>>25% Distance in EEG electrode placements around head with theexception of: FpZ to F1 & F2; Oz to O1 & O2 (these are 5%) - SOLUTION:->> >>>>10% EOG electrode placement - SOLUTION:->> >>>>R eye 1 cm upand 1 cm out L eye 1 cm down and 1 cm out How many chin electrodes are typically used - SOLUTION:->> 3 - 2 are necessary and one is a backup for referencing What is the proper placement for leg EMG - SOLUTION:->> >>>>2electrodes on the anterior tibialis muscle on each leg 2-3 cm apart ECG lead used during sleep - SOLUTION:->> >>>>lead II Gold standard used to determine the presence and severity of GERD - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Esophageal pH testing
sensitivity 2uV/mm sampling rate 500Hz LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of Leg and snorechannels - SOLUTION:->> >>>>LFF 10Hz HFF 100Hz sensitivity 7uV/mm sampling rate 500Hz LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of respiratorychannels (nasal flow, thoracic, abdominal) - SOLUTION:->>
LFF 0.1HzHFF 15Hz sensitivity 7uV/mm sampling rate 100Hz Sampling rate of pulse oximetry - SOLUTION:->> >>>>25Hz Calibrations performed at the beginning and end of the study to assure the signals of the amplifier to the recorder are valid - SOLUTION:->> Amplifier calibrations
two like signals cancelling each other out - SOLUTION:->>
CMRR
A low HFF will produce a at the top of the
waveform - SOLUTION:->> >>>>roll off A high HFF will produce a at the top of the wavefore - SOLUTION:->> >>>>peak Calibrations performed to assure an accurate hookup - SOLUTION:->>
biocalibrations/physiologic calibrations/patient calibrations Each biocalibration should last how long - SOLUTION:->> >>>>30seconds After biocals are completed the tech should instruct the patient to do what? - SOLUTION:->> >>>>assume a comfortableposition for sleep Normal breathing - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Eupnea Breathing pattern characterized by gradually increasing thendecreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting from 30- 180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds. Crescendo-decrescendo breaths - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Cheyne-Stokes
Causes of Cheyne stokes breathing - SOLUTION:->> >>>>CSA,meningitis, drug overdose, increased ICP, damage to the respiratory center, CHF Increased respiratory rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea. Each breath has the same depth - SOLUTION:->>
Biot's (Ataxic) Increased respiratory rate and increased depth with breathingsounding labored - SOLUTION:->> >>>>Kussmaul's Series of slow deep breaths, each one held for 30 - 90 seconds
- SOLUTION:->> >>>>Apneustic Causes of biot's (ataxic) breathing - SOLUTION:->> >>>>CNSproblem, meningitis Causes of Kussmaul's breathing - SOLUTION:->> >>>>metabolicacidosis, renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis causes of apneustic breathing - SOLUTION:->> >>>>problems withthe respiratory center, head trauma or tumor
