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NBME Anatomy 100 concepts || QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT 2025/2026, Exams of Anatomy

George Washington University (GW)Anatomy

at what vertebral level(s) should you perform a lumbar puncture ? correct answers L3/L4 or L4/L5; level of the iliac crests when doing a lumbar puncture, what does your needle pierce through correct answers skin -- > fascia --> supraspinous ligament --> interspinous ligament --> ligamentum flavum --> epidural space --> dura mater --> subarachnoid space What is a herniated disc? correct answers nucleus pulposus through anulus fibrosus (nucleus pulposus is remnant of notochord) -usually herniates postero-laterally -compresses spinal nerve root most common levels of herniated disc correct answers Lumbar Levels= L4/L5 or L5/S1 cervical regions= C5/C6 or C6/C7 herniated disk presentation correct answers -individuals <50 -history of back pain that may radiate down to the lower limb -pain begins soon after patient lifted something heavy -herniated lumbar disc compresses the nerve root one number below (L4/L5 will compress

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NBME Anatomy 100 concepts || QUESTIONS &

ANSWERS 100% CORRECT 2025/2026

at what vertebral level(s) should you perform a lumbar puncture ? correct answers L3/L4 or

L4/L5; level of the iliac crests

when doing a lumbar puncture, what does your needle pierce through correct answers skin --

> fascia --> supraspinous ligament --> interspinous ligament --> ligamentum flavum -->

epidural space --> dura mater --> subarachnoid space

What is a herniated disc? correct answers nucleus pulposus through anulus fibrosus (nucleus

pulposus is remnant of notochord)

-usually herniates postero-laterally

-compresses spinal nerve root

most common levels of herniated disc correct answers Lumbar Levels= L4/L5 or L5/S1

cervical regions= C5/C6 or C6/C7

herniated disk presentation correct answers -individuals <50

-history of back pain that may radiate down to the lower limb

-pain begins soon after patient lifted something heavy

-herniated lumbar disc compresses the nerve root one number below (L4/L5 will compress

the L5 root)

-lower limb reflexes are decreased on the affected side

-patellar --> L2/L3 or L3/L4 herniation

-achilles --> L5/S1 herniation

what is kyphosis ?

who is it seen in? correct answers -exaggeration of the thoracic curvature

-may occur in the elderly as a result of osteoporosis or disk degeneration

-osteoporosis= multiple compression fractures of the vertebral bodies

what is lordosis?

who is it seen in? correct answers -exaggeration of the lumbar curvature that may be

temporary

-occurs during pregnancy, spondylolisthesis, or potbelly

what is scoliosis?

causes? correct answers -lateral deviation/torsion of the spine

-caused by poliomyelitis, leg length discrepancy, or hip disease

what is the pars interarticularis correct answers connects the superior facet and inferior facet

what is spondylolysis?

presentation? correct answers -defect/stress fracture in the pars interarticularis

-most common reason for lower back pain in adolescent athletes

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Download NBME Anatomy 100 concepts || QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT 2025/2026 and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

NBME Anatomy 100 concepts || QUESTIONS &

ANSWERS 100% CORRECT 2025/

at what vertebral level(s) should you perform a lumbar puncture? correct answers L3/L4 or L4/L5; level of the iliac crests when doing a lumbar puncture, what does your needle pierce through correct answers skin --

fascia --> supraspinous ligament --> interspinous ligament --> ligamentum flavum --> epidural space --> dura mater --> subarachnoid space What is a herniated disc? correct answers nucleus pulposus through anulus fibrosus (nucleus pulposus is remnant of notochord)

usually herniates postero-laterally
compresses spinal nerve root most common levels of herniated disc correct answers Lumbar Levels= L4/L5 or L5/S cervical regions= C5/C6 or C6/C herniated disk presentation correct answers - individuals <
history of back pain that may radiate down to the lower limb
pain begins soon after patient lifted something heavy
herniated lumbar disc compresses the nerve root one number below (L4/L5 will compress the L5 root)
lower limb reflexes are decreased on the affected side
patellar --> L2/L3 or L3/L4 herniation
achilles --> L5/S1 herniation what is kyphosis? who is it seen in? correct answers - exaggeration of the thoracic curvature
may occur in the elderly as a result of osteoporosis or disk degeneration
osteoporosis= multiple compression fractures of the vertebral bodies what is lordosis? who is it seen in? correct answers - exaggeration of the lumbar curvature that may be temporary
occurs during pregnancy, spondylolisthesis, or potbelly what is scoliosis? causes? correct answers - lateral deviation/torsion of the spine
caused by poliomyelitis, leg length discrepancy, or hip disease what is the pars interarticularis correct answers connects the superior facet and inferior facet what is spondylolysis? presentation? correct answers - defect/stress fracture in the pars interarticularis
most common reason for lower back pain in adolescent athletes

usually at L what is spondylolisthesis? presentation? correct answers - forward slippage of one vertebral body with respect to the one beneath it
most commonly occurs at lumbosacral junction with L5 slipping over S
low back pain aggravated by standing and walking
rarely can cause cauda equina
often results from spondylolysis low back pain with extension or standing, relief with flexion correct answers spinal canal stenosis positional pain, relieved with rest and analgesics, lumbar or cervical spine correct answers osteoarthritis/degenerative low back pain with paravertebral spasm after history of lifting a heavy object correct answers lumbosacral strain low back pain in elderly which is exacerbated on minor exertion or touch correct answers vertebral body fracture-- due to osteoporosis low back pain with paravertebral spasm and fever correct answers epidural abscess lower back pain in elderly, continuous pain that is worse at night, resistant to pain meds and positional changes. fever, weight loss, night sweats correct answers cord compression due to metastatic tumor Prostate Breast Kidney Thyroid Lung (PB KTL) radicular lower back pain, saddle anesthesia, loss of DTR's, bowel/bladder issues correct answers cauda equina syndrome, surgical emergency low back pain in adolescent with slip off or step off in spine examination correct answers spondylolisthesis back pain in pregnancy correct answers lumbar lordosis low back pain with loss of DTR's, loss of sensation in dermatome, + straight leg correct answers disc herniation low back pain in IV drug user/immunocompromised, tenderness on palpation of spinous process, fever correct answers vertebral osteomyelitis low back pain, hip/butt/thigh claudication, impotence and atrophy of lower extremities, weak femoral pulses, bruit heard over femoral area correct answers lehriche syndrome, aorticoiliac PAD low back pain, male, 25-35 yo, morning stiffness and improves with activity, may have diarrhea or uveitis correct answers ankylosing spondylitis, HLA B

what type of fracture are boxer's/fist fighters prone to? correct answers - fractured necks of the metacarpal bones

typically, fractures of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals are seen in professional boxers
fractures of the 5th and sometimes 4th metacarpals are seen in unskilled fighters what is a mallet or baseball finger? how does it occur? correct answers - sudden extreme forced flexion of the DIP joint
results in avulsion of the extensor digitorum tendon from the base of the distal phalanx
the patient can no longer extend the DIP joint
ex= when a baseball is mis-caught or a finger is jammed into a base pad rotator cuff muscles? correct answers what are the different shoulder abductor muscles? correct answers 0-15= supraspinatus (initiates abduction) 15 - 110= deltoid (abduction to the horizontal position) 110 - 180= trapezius and serratus anterior (raising the arm above the horizontal position requires scapular rotation) what are common causes of painful arm abduction? correct answers - subacromial bursitis (inflammation of the subacromial bursa) --> often due to calcific supraspinatus tendinitis
inflammation or torn supraspinatus tendon triceps insertion? correct answers olecranon what separates the olecranon from the skin? correct answers - olecranon bursa torn supraspinatus correct answers what is "student's elbow" correct answers - subcutaneous olecranon bursitis
caused by repeated excessive pressure/friction causing the bursa to become inflamed cause of lateral epicondylitis? presentation? correct answers - repeated forceful extension causes strain at the common extensor tendon and inflammation of the lateral epicondyle's periosteum
pain felt over the lateral epicondyle and radiates down the posterior aspect of the forearm
pain often felt when opening a door or lifting a glass origins of which muscles may be affected in lateral epicondylitis? correct answers - extensor carpis radialis longus + brevis
extensor digitorum
extensor digit minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris

what is medial epicondylitis? correct answers - inflammation of the common flexor tendon at the medial epicondyle origins of which muscles may be affected in medial epicondylitis? correct answers - pronator teres

flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris upper extremity blood supply: correct answers scapula blood supply correct answers 1. subclavian --> thyrocervical trunk --> suprascapular

transverse cervical

transverse cervical --> dorsal scapular

axillary --> subscapular --> circumflex scapular + thoracodorsal
abdominal aorta --> posterior intercostal arteries cubital fossa contents from lateral to medial: correct answers 1. biceps brachii tendon
brachial artery
median nerve subcutaneous veins at the cubital fossa from medial to lateral correct answers 1. basilic vein
median cubital vein (joins cephalic and basilic veins)
cephalic vein which vein is most commonly used for venipuncture? why? correct answers - median cubital vein

overlies bicipital aponeurosis so that deep structures are protected
not accompanied by nerves dislocation of which bone can cause carpal tunnel syndrome? correct answers - lunate bone why is palm/thenar sensation spared in carpal tunnel syndrome? correct answers - the superficial palmar cutaneous branch passes superficially to carpal tunnel PIP flexion tests which muscle? correct answers flexor digitorum superficialis DIP flexion tests which muscle? correct answers flexor digitorum profundus Erb's palsy is an injury of? what are causes? correct answers - injury of the upper trunk (C5-C6 roots)
due to excessive increase in the angle b/w the neck and the shoulder
may occur as birth injury from forceful pulling on infant's head during difficult delivery
falling injuries (motorcycle accident) which nerves are affected in Erb's palsy correct answers - axillary

can cause avascular necrosis of the femoral head if blood supply through the ligament to the head is inadequate (branch of obturator artery) sciatic nerve injury presentation? causes? correct answers - weakened hip extension and knee flexion
flail foot-- lack of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
improperly placed butt injections
posterior hip dislocation most common direction of hip dislocation? correct answers posterior causes of posterior hip dislocation? correct answers - MVA= head on collision with the knee hitting the dashboard and forcing the head of the femur out of the acetabulum
the joint capsule ruptures inferiorly + posteriorly (fracture of the ischium and tearing of the ischiofemoral ligament) --> allows the femoral head to pass over the posterior margin of the acetabulum onto the lateral surface of the ilium posterior hip dislocation presentation correct answers shortened limb medially rotated causes of superior gluteal n injury? correct answers - surgery
posterior hip dislocation
poliomyelitis causes of inferior gluteal n injury? correct answers - surgery
posterior hip dislocation causes of obturator n injury? presentation? correct answers - anterior hip dislocation
radical retropubic prostatectomy
difficulty adducting the thigh (crossing legs while sitting)
decreased sensation over the upper medial thigh hamstring avulsion fracture affects what bony landmark? which muscles are involved? correct answers - ischial tuberosity
long head biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
hamstring part of adductor magnus what nerve supplies the hamstring muscles? correct answers tibial n which nerve supplies the short head of biceps femoris? correct answers common fibular nerve structures under the inguinal ligament form lateral to medial: correct answers - lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
iliopsoas

femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
femoral canal (deep inguinal nodes)
lacunar ligament which structures are in the femoral sheath? correct answers femoral artery, vein, lymphatics femoral hernia location? (what structures does it protrude through? where do you see it?) correct answers - passes through the femoral ring into the femoral canal
found below the inguinal ligament
upper thigh inferior and lateral to the pubic tubercle
the herniated sac may protrude through the saphenous hiatus into the superficial fascia femoral hernias are more common in? correct answers women why are femoral hernias concerning? correct answers herniated sac is more likely to become strangulated what may be injured during femoral hernia repair? correct answers aberrant obturator artery tibial collateral ligament attachments? correct answers - extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle and shaft of tibia
blends with the joint capsule
attached to the medial meniscus MCL fx? correct answers - limits extension and abduction of the leg at the knee fibular collateral ligament correct answers - lateral epicondyle of femur and head of fibula
doesn't blend with the joint capsule and doesn't attach to the lateral meniscus LCL fx? correct answers - limits extension and adduction of the leg at the knee ACL fx? correct answers - limits anterior translation of the tibia
prevents hyperextension
limits tibial rotation (varus/valgus forces) at full extension PCL fx? correct answers - limits posterior translation of the tibia
prevents hyperflexion where is the prepatellar bursa located? correct answers found b/w the patella and the skin where is the suprapatellar bursa located? correct answers superior extension of synovial cavity b/w the distal end of the femur and quadriceps muscle tendon where do you usually give intra-articular injections? correct answers suprapatellar bursa what is the most common ankle injury? correct answers sprain

breast lymph drainage? correct answers - most lymph drains to the axillary lymph nodes --> initially the anterior (pectoral) nodes (>75%, especially from the lateral breast quadrants)

the remaining lymph drains to the parasternal lymph nodes or to the opposite breast (especially from the medial breast quadrants) Where does the parasternal breast lymphatics drain to? correct answers infra and supraclavicular lymph nodes what does a radical mastectomy remove? correct answers - removal of the breast, pectoral muscles, fat, fascia, and lymph nodes what is at risk of injury during a radical mastectomy? presentation correct answers - the long thoracic nerve may be lesioned during ligation of the lateral thoracic artery
few weeks after the surgery the patient can present with a winged scapula and inability to abduct greater than horizontal
the intercostobrachial nerve may be damaged during mastectomy resulting in skin deficit of the medial arm What is the order from superior to inferior of the intercostal vessels/nerves? Between which layers of muscle do they run? correct answers - vein, artery, nerve
b/w the internal intercostal and innermost intercostal muscles which intercostal structures are most vulnerable to injury? correct answers intercostal nerve and posterior intercostal artery (not covered by ribs) if the right phrenic nerve is injured, how does that present? correct answers - paralysis of the right half of the diaphragm
during inspiration, the left side of the diaphragm contracts down causing increased pressure on the right side causing the right diaphragm to be pushed superiorly phrenic nerve course: correct answers - arises from C3-C5 nerves
passes anterior to the anterior scalene muscle
runs anterior to the root of the lung (vagus nerve runs posterior to the root of the lung phrenic nerve fx correct answers sensory:
fibrous pericardium
mediastinal and diaphragmatic pleura
diaphragm central tendon motor:
diaphragm causes of diaphragmatic ruptures? correct answers - blunt or penetrating trauma
blunt trauma is usually due to MVA blunt diaphragmatic rupture presentation correct answers - left sided

tears usually occur at the posterolateral aspect of the diaphragm
bowel sounds on auscultation of the lung fields what passes through the different diaphragmatic hiatuses? correct answers "I 8 (ate) 10 Eggs At 12" T8= caval hiatus
IVC, right phrenic nerve T10= esophageal hiatus
esophagus, vagus nerves, esophageal branches of the left gastric vessels T12= aortic hiatus
descending aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein (red white blue) on Xray, what forms the cardiac shadow's: right border? left border? correct answers right border= SVC + right atrium left border= aortic arch, pulmonary trunk, left auricle, left ventricle where is the SA node located? correct answers - upper part of the sulcus terminalis near the opening of the SVC where is the AV node located? correct answers - lower part of the atrial septum near the coronary sinus where is the moderator band located? correct answers right ventricle What does the RCA ALWAYS supply correct answers - right atrium (anterior cardiac branches)
right ventricle (marginal artery)
SA node (SA nodal branch)

posterior interventricular artery (posterior descending) --> diaphragmatic surface of both ventricles + posterior 1/3 of the IV septum if you are RCA dominant, what does that also supply? correct answers - AV node (AV nodal branch)

posterior descending/interventricular artery --> diaphragmatic surface of both ventricles + 1/3 of the IV septum + posteriomedial papillary muscle what supplies the AV bundle? correct answers LAD what does LCA branch into? correct answers LAD (anterior descending interventricular artery) and circumflex arteries where is the most common location of an MI correct answers LAD

horner syndrome (stellate ganglion)
SVC syndrome
dysphagia (esophageal obstruction)
hoarseness (RLN involvement)
diaphragm paralysis (phrenic n involvement) thoracic outlet syndrome causes and presentation? correct answers - cervical rib or pancoast tumor

pressure on the brachial plexus lower trunks + subclavian vessels
pain down the medial side of the forearm and hand
atrophy of the intrinsic hand muscles SVC syndrome presentation? correct answers - veins in arms do not empty with arm elevation
dilated head and neck veins
facial swelling
cyanosis where do you put your stethoscope to listen to the superior lobes of the lungs correct answers
place on the superior area of the anterior chest wall
on the right= above the 4th rib
on the left= above the 6th rib where do you put your stethoscope to listen to the middle lobe of the lung correct answers - place on the anterior chest wall b/w the 4th and 6th ribs where do you put your stethoscope to listen to the inferior lobes of the lungs correct answers - place stethoscope on the posterior chest wall (below 6th rib) ____________ can be affected with an improper subclavian venipuncture correct answers cervical pleura can be affected with an improper subclavian venipuncture what is the deepest place in the pleural cavity? correct answers the costodiaphragmatic recess where do the lungs (visceral pleura) end compared to the parietal pleura reflections

midclavicular line
midaxillary line
paravertebral line correct answers 1. b/w ribs 6- 8
b/w ribs 8- 10
b/w ribs 10- 12 Where is the horizontal fissure and oblique fissure of the right lung? correct answers Horizontal at rib 4 Oblique at rib 6 parietal vs visceral pleura sensations? correct answers parietal pleura is sensitive to general senses like pain, temperature, touch because it has somatic sensory innervation visceral pleura is sensitive to stretch but insensitive to general senses because it has autonomic innervation from the pulmonary plexus

Costal pleura is innervated by? Mediastinal pleura is innervated by? Diaphragmatic pleura is innervated by? correct answers 1. intercostal nerves

phrenic nerve
phrenic nerve improper sternal puncture may affect what structures? correct answers upper part= left brachiocephalic vein lower part= aortic arch thoracic duct fx? correct answers - drains lymph to the left brachiocephalic vein between the left subclavian and left internal jugular veins

all lymph from the lower limbs, pelvic cavity, abdominal cavity
left side of the thorax, head, neck, upper limb thoracic duct tributaries? correct answers - left jugular lymph trunk
left subclavian lymph trunk
left bronchomediastinal lymph trunk sites where ingested foreign bodies can lodge, strictures can develop following caustic ingestion, esophageal carcinoma can occur = correct answers 1. C6 --> where the pharynx joins the upper end of the esophagus

T4-T

where the aortic arch crosses the esophagus
where the esophagus is compressed by the left main bronchus

T10 --> where it passes through the diaphragm which nerves supply the anterior abdominal wall? correct answers 7 total nerves:

lateral cutaneous branches of T7-T10 intercostal nerves
subcostal nerve (T12)
L1 --> iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal where do you inject the needle to anesthetize the L1 nerve? correct answers 2.5 cm above the ASIS where are all nerves and deep blood vessels found b/w in the anterior abdomen? correct answers b/w the internal oblique and transversus muscles (the neurovascular plane) arterial supply of the anterior abdominal wall? correct answers superficial arteries supply skin:

superficial epigastric
superficial circumflex iliac deep arteries lie in the neurovascular plane:
superior epigastric
posterior intercostal arteries
lumbar arteries
deep circumflex iliac artery

who usually get direct inguinal hernias? correct answers disease of old men with weak abdominal muscles who usually get indirect inguinal hernias? correct answers male infants (congenital) what makes up the lesser omentum? what is contained in these structures? correct answers - gastrohepatic --> right & left gastric arteries

hepatoduodenal --> portal triad what do you cut to enter the lesser sac? correct answers gastrohepatic ligament what is the portal triad? correct answers bile duct portal vein proper hepatic artery what is the epiploic foramen (Winslow) correct answers - the free edge of the hepatoduodenal ligament (contains portal triad)
entry way into the lesser sac If you stuck your finger through the foramen of Winslow what would you hit? correct answers the IVC what is superior and inferior to the epiploic foramen correct answers superior= caudate lobe of the liver inferior= 1st part of the duodenum what is the pouch of douglas? what can occur here? correct answers - rectouterine pouch
deepest point of the peritoneal space
potential site of endometriosis and pelvic abscesses what is a culdocentesis? where is the needle inserted? correct answers - aspiration of fluid from the pouch of douglas
checks for abnormal fluid in the peritoneal cavity
needle puncture of the posterior vaginal fornix near the midline b/w the uterosacral ligaments foregut, midgut, hindgut:

arterial supply
parasympathetic innervation
sympathetic innervation
sensory innervation
referred pain correct answers what is a sliding hiatal hernia?

complications? correct answers - herniation of the cardiac of the stomach into the thorax through the esophageal hiatus

can damage the vagal trunks as they pass through the hiatus and result in hyposecretion of gastric juice features of the large intestine correct answers 1. omental appendices

hasutrations
taeniae coli What can help you find the appendix? correct answers - taeniae coli

the taeniae coli meet together at the base of the appendix where they form a complete longitudinal muscle coat for the appendix appendicitis produces what types of pain? correct answers - initially, pain caused by distention or spasm of the appendix is carried by visceral afferents (sympathetics) that enter the spinal cord at T10 --> referred pain to the umbilicus
later, if the parietal peritoneum is involved, the pain is carried by somatic afferents (intercostal nerves)
results in severe localized pain at McBurney's point What vessels come off the Aorta at... T12: L1: L2: L3: L4: correct answers T12: Celiac L1: SMA L2: Renal arteries L3: IMA L4: Common iliac gastric ulcer found on the lesser curvature of the stomach can erode into which artery? correct answers left gastric right gastric artery branches off of what artery? correct answers proper hepatic gastroduodenal is found behind what structure? correct answers - descends posterior to the 1st part of the duodenum posterior duodenal ulcer can erode into? correct answers gastroduodenal artery or pancreas (acute pancreatitis) potential complication of a holecystectomy? correct answers - right hepatic artery may be mistakenly ligated with the cystic artery in the Calot triangle
right lobe hepatic necrosis commonly occurs

sensory innervation of the liver and gallbladder? correct answers right phrenic --> pain may radiate to the right shoulder What makes the Portal vein? correct answers SMV + splenic where does the IMV drain? correct answers into the splenic vein where does the left gastric vein drain? correct answers portal vien draw portal venous system correct answers how does the body deal with portal HTN? correct answers blood can flow retrograde through the valveless portal system and pass through anastomoses to reach the caval system Where are the portocaval anastomosis seen in portal HTN? correct answers 1. esophageal veins

paraumbilical veins
rectal veins esophageal anastomoses is b/w what veins and are found where? correct answers anastomosis b/w the left gastric vein and the azygos vein in the lower wall of the esophagus umbilical anastomoses is b/w what veins and are found where? correct answers anastomosis b/w the paraumbilical veins (found in ligamentum teres) and the superior and inferior epigastric veins in the anterior abdominal wall around the belly button rectal anastomoses is b/w what veins and are found where? correct answers anastomosis b/w the superior rectal vein and the inferior/middle rectal veins where is the head of the pancreas found? correct answers - fond w/i the C-shaped area formed by the 2nd part of the duodenum the superior mesenteric vessels cross over which structures? correct answers the uncinate process, left renal vein, and the 3rd part of the duodenum pancreatic adenocarcinoma of the head presentation? where is the pain referred? how do you treat the pain? correct answers - obstructive jaundice

no fever, painless
pain is referred to the epigastric region
post gang --> celiac ganglion --> greater splanchnic nerve --> spinal cord at levels T5-T
inject 50% ethanol around the celiac artery where does the splenic vein and SMV join to form the portal vein? correct answers behind the neck of the pancreas potential complication of splenectomy? correct answers - the tail of the pancreas may be mistakenly removed

can result in diabetes because the tail contains a lot of endocrine cells pancreas blood supply? correct answers head= pancreaticoduodenal arteries neck, body, tail= pancreatic branches off of the splenic artery what can cause the spleen to rupture? how may it present? how do you treat? correct answers - fracture of the left 9-11 ribs
blunt trauma of the left upper abdomen
blood that collects deep to the diaphragm can irritate the phrenic nerve and cause pain that radiates to the left shoulder
must remove the spleen what forms the border b/w the spleen and the left kidney? correct answers 11th rib spleen follows the contour of what rib? where is the spleen found? correct answers the 10th rib extends from the superior pole of the left kidney to the posterior midaxillary line what vertebrae levels are the kidneys found out? which kidney is lower? correct answers T12-L right kidney lies about 2-3 cm lower than the left kidney what must be incised to reach the kidney? correct answers - renal Gerota fascia what is the renal fascia? what does it contain? correct answers - it is a condensation of the extraperitoneal fascia
encloses the perinephric fat, kidneys, and adrenal glands what is the fascia covering the liver called? correct answers Glisson's the ureter overlies which muscle? correct answers psoas major what are the 3 sites of ureter constriction? correct answers 1. pelvico-ureteral junction (L1)

pelvic brim (level of the sacroiliac joint)
ureter entering the bladder (level of the ischial spine) what drains into the left renal vein? correct answers the left suprarenal and left gonadal vein what can cause a varicocele to disappear? correct answers laying down (hydrocele does not disappear when laying down) venous drainage from the rectum above vs below pectinate line? correct answers above pectinate line= superior rectal vein to portal system below pectinate line= inferior rectal vein to IVC

NBME Anatomy 100 concepts || QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT 2025/2026, Exams of Anatomy

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