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NCE Practice Exam
B -
Which of the following captures the essence of informed consent? a. having members sign a contract before joining a group b. telling members in some detail about the nature and purpose of the group c. having members decide upon all the activities of the group d. making sure that groups will always be composed of voluntary members. C - Several principles may underlie an ethical decision made by a counselor. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles? a. autonomy b. nonmaleficience c. pro bono d. fidelity B - Maria, a 25 year old Latina woman, is in career counseling. In reviewing her background, the counselor determines that she has followed the rules and expectations of her close knit family. She now finds herself in a position needing to support her family on her own and can't decide between three different occupational possibilities which she has heard about. Maria may be characterized as... a. career inefficacious b. career undecided c. needing more schooling d. career indecisive C - Client: "I wrote some more in my journal yesterday. I wrote about the strong urge to eat after I visited my mother. I almost went to the store for junk food but I didn't."
Counselor: "The urge to eat was connected with your mother." A long silence follows. The probably cause for the client's silence was... a. boredom b. hostility toward the counselor c. emotional or cognitive integration d. waiting for the counselor to lead. D - Individuals of European ancestry often enjoy benefits, without their awareness, that people of color do not. This phenomenon is referred to as... a. ethnocentrism b. double standard c. acculturation d. white privilege A - On a college campus, a group of students of color has been protesting their treatment alluding to harassing comments by whites and what they believe to be discrimination in the grading system by their professors. Eleven of these students have come to the campus counseling center and want to begin a group experience to arrive at some answers and find solutions. The most appropriate theoretical orientation of the counselor assigned to lead the group is... a. behavioral b. psychoanalytic c. gestalt d. person centered A - The science of neurobiology is growing in importance to the field of counseling and psychotherapy. One part of neurobiology is neurotransmitters. Which of the following statements is true? a. neurotransmitters affect various cognitive, emotional, and psychological reactions b. neurotransmitters are found primarily in the liver
c. the counselor is okay because the experts in the literature agree that career counseling is personal counseling d. the counselor knows other counselors who have received reimbursement for similar client problems. D - Practicing positive or reinforcing self statements has been called stress inoculation. Who is the behaviorally oriented theorist who proposed this concept? a. Bandura b. Wolpe C Allport d. Meichenbaum A - A school counselor is interested in determining whether seniors who have jobs receive lower grades and national test scores than those who do not work. Let's assume that in May of the school year he finds that approximately 250 seniors worked this past school year and 250 did not. He compares their GPA, class rank information and ACT scores. If all these indicators were lower for the seniors who worked, the counselor would be tempted to say that having a job causes the lower indicators. He may be wrong to say that because this study is... a. a post hoc investigation b. an experiment c. a survey d. a descriptive study A - Historically, there were many influences on the development of the testing movement. Which one of the following was NOT an early influence? a. civil rights movement b. compulsory school attendance c. world war I d. advances in statistical methodology
C -
Gender role socialization occurs in most cultures and includes the development of role stereotypes which may be rigid and fixed. Imitation and identification with a same sex model facilitates the learning of gender roles. Gender role socialization... a. is primarily based on heredity b. seldom occurs within the fmaily c. becomes a basic component of our self concept d. is usually complete by six years of age. D - Jason, the sole source of income in the family, suffers unemployment unexpectedly. As the unemployment continues, a variety of consequence are likely to ensue for him, his wife, and their children. Research suggests that... a. the next job Jason finds will probably be better than the last one b. the children should not be told of their father's unemployment in order to reduce their anxiety c. it is unlikely that Jason will experience the grief cycle d. as unemployment continues, his wife will slowly pull away from her circle of friends. A - In behavioral group context, which of the following are key terms? a. self monitoring and contracts b. here and now and blocks to energy c. value judgment and positive addiction d. catharsis and ego integrity C - A number of counseling approaches see mindfulness as an important component. Which of the following statements appears most true? a. internal sensations, emotions and thoughts are not important to mindfulness b. relationship oriented therapies are more effective than cognitively based ones in using mindfulness
d. transferable skills B - Accreditation of counselor training programs requires that counseling theories are taught followed by a developmental process of skill building and application in practica and internships. key component of accreditation is evaluation of this skill development. The body which accredits more counselor training programs than any other is... a. Commission on Accreditation for Marriage and Family Therapy Education b. Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs C. American psychological Association d. North Central Association of Schools and Colleges D - Mokie is in the second grade and appears to have a developmental disorder. His social interaction skills are impaired and he appears to be inordinately preoccupied with butterflies and other insects. He can talk at length about this preoccupation. it is possible that Mokie has... a. dyslexia b. generalized anxiety c. obsessive compulsive disorder d. Asperger's disorder D - Linda, an applicant for a graduate program in business, is a client of a mental health counselor> One day the counselor receives a call from the university where Linda is applying and asks for a recommendation for her. She listed the counselor as a reference on her graduate school application. An appropriate response by the counselor is... a. tell the university that she will encourage Linda to share everything she wants with the university directly b. knowing Linda is very excited to enroll in that program, tell the university she would be an excellent student c. tell the university what questions they might ask Linda if they interview her d. tell the university Linda must sign a release of information agreement before any information can be provided.
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A variety of studies have investigated the qualities of effective counselors. Although not definitive, some of these qualities appear to be... a. tolerance for ambiguity and middle age b. interest in people and eclecticism c. high intelligence and global awareness d. awareness of individual differences and caring. A - To establish its validity, a new test was administered to the same group, which took a well established test. The correlation coefficient between the two tests was .70. The amount of variance common to both instruments was... a. less than 50 percent b. 50 to 60 percent c. 61 to 70 percent d. more than 70 percent C - Client: "I just can't stand the thought of letting him back into the house." Counselor: "Where is he now?" In general, counselor responses may be characterized as additive, interchangeable, or subtractive. this counselor's response would warrant a _____________ on a five point scale measuring empathy a. 5 b. 2 c. 1 d. 4 D - In the statement, Birds of a feather flock together, the dependent variable is..
c. resistance d. countertransference A - A doctoral student is curious about how bilingual kindergarten children interact verbally with monolingual children of a different racial group. She decides to study this for her doctoral research. A research method which may be most appropriate to consider is... a. ethnographic b. experimental c. analogue d. survey D - The counselor determines that the client can more easily discuss painful material as part of a story or vignette. She decides to administer the Thematic Apperception Test to help the client in this process. This counselor is likely to be practicing from a ______________ perspective a. gestalt therapy b. rational emotive therapy c. client centered therapy d. psychoanalytic therapy B - Which of the following statements about consultation is NOT true? a. consultation uses the same kind of skills as counseling but the context, role, and function are different b. since there is not strong theory or model of consultation, as eclectic approach is best c. the consultation may focus on content or process or both d. the need for consultation may occur in most any agency or business. B -
Therapeutic intervention such as the exception question, miracle question, and scaling questions, are most typically evident in... a. narrative therapy b. solution focused brief therapy c. reality therapy d. multi modal therapy. A - Corey, Corey and Corey identified fie stages that groups go through. The first stage is highly leader oriented and includes group formation and planning. Which stage follows this one? a. Initial b. working c. transition d. consolidation and termination C - A school counselor notices what appear to be bruises on a sixth grade girl in counseling. the counselor recalls seeing the girl in the hallway a month earlier and she had a black eye. In response to the counselor's questions, the girl is evasive. Upon continued questioning, she says she hurt herself falling down while skateboarding. The counselor... a. dismisses the matter b. schedules another appointment c. notifies the appropriate authorities of suspected child abuse d. sends the girl to skateboarding lessons. A - According to Adler and others, birth order tends to result in unique psychological traits and social development. In counseling, birth order can help explain clients' traits and behaviors. Individuals who are carefree, outgoing, and not rule oriented and those individuals who are early maturers, high achievers and never dethroned and probably... a. secondborns and onlychildren b. firstborns and youngest children
A middle school principal is curious whether different math teaching techniques result in different math learning. She has three classrooms of fourth grade math students and assigns different math teaching techniques to the three teachers to use for the school year. All students completed the same math exam in September as a pretest and will posttest in May. Upon examining math pretest scores, the principal finds that the Classroom A mean math scores is 72, Classroom B mean is 88, and Classroom C mean is 73. In May, after posttest data are collected, an appropriate statistical procedure for the principal to apply first is... a. multiple regression b. analysis of covariance c. t test d. analysis of variance D - Which of the following statements characterizes the termination stage of a group? a. this is the easiest stage for a counselor to handle b. group members are excited about leaving and going their own way c. there is seldom any unfinished business d. members need to make decisions regarding what they have learned and what they will implement. C - An underlying goal of psychoanalytic therapy is to identify and work through the transference the client experiences. Two therapeutic techniques which may assist in this process are... a. experiential learning and role playing b. goal setting and identifying reinforcers c. free association and hypnosis d. paradoxical intention and thought stopping. A - Shortly after Christmas, a third grade teacher realized that several students in her class had not established any friendships with other children although they did classroom activities together when she put them in groups. The teacher could clearly identify some leaders, some loners and others. She decided to formally examine the social structure in her classroom and chose ______________ as her method for doing this.
a. sociometry b. case study c. personality testing d. the interview C - Following receipt of a bachelor's degree in sociology, Yolanda joined the Pease Corps. Now, at 25 years of age, she is reviewing her employment options by examining her personal needs and goals, interests, abilities, and opportunities and has made a tentative occupational choice. In light of Super's developmental stages, Yoland is... a. in exactly the right stage b. ahead of expectations c. behind expectations d. not in any of Super's stages D - In a person centered approach to groups, which of the following dynamics of process patterns is NOT likely to occur? a. expression of negative feelings b. confrontation c. cracking of facades d. practicing disputing A - Defense mechanisms help control anxiety by protecting the ego from demands made by the id and superego. Which of the following is a defense mechanism? a. reaction formation b. dependence c. transference d. diffusion
b. a support group c. force field analysis d. Johari window D - Which of the following statements is NOT accurate? a. some counselor behaviors may be specified in an ethical code but not in a legal code b. some counselor behaviors may be specified in a legal code but not in an ethical code c. some counselor behaviors may be specified in neither the legal nor ethical codes d. a good code of ethics covers all counselor behaviors. A - In her career development theory, Linda Gottfredson identified four stages of development experienced by children. During the second stage, children begin to rule out some jobs as not appropriate for them. This stage is characterized by an orientation of children to... a. sex roles b. internal, unique characteristics of self c. size and power d. social valuation D - Jaime, a sixteen year old sophomore, has developed a pattern of skipping classes. His homework is seldom completed and when it is, it does not represent his ability level. His parents have begun to look for an appropriate counselor for him. Although they don't know all the approaches available, Jaime might be helped best with a counselor using theoretical concepts from... a. behavioral and existential b. person centered and rational emotive behavior c. adlerian and psychoanalytic d. gestalt and reality
A -
A sixth grader has lost interest in school work. Her attitude is evident in her statement, "What's the use? It doesn't matter what I do, I still get bad grades." Her attitude may reflect a. external locus of control b. internal locus of control c. academic deficiencies d. cognitive dissonance D - William Perry devised a scheme to represent the cognitive developmental stages through which individual intellectual and ethical development occurred. In his scheme, dualism was followed by... a. determinism b. commitment c. symbolism d. relativism D - In general, women earn about 80% of what men earn for a variety of reasons including their entry/re-entry pattern in the labor market, discrimination, and because the types of jobs most of them hold pay less. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
. the glass ceiling is more of a barrier now than in the past b. the percentage of the labor force composed of women continues to increase dramatically c. there are fewer women than men in service related occupations d. in terms of income, younger women compare more favorably with younger men than do older women compared to older men. C - Which of the following statements about Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is most accurate? a. DBT should only be used with adults
Cognitive therapy for the treatment of depression has been in existence for many years. As he performed psychotherapy, Aaron Beck, the principal architect fo cognitive therapy, identified automatic thoughts his clients exhibited. he did not believe that these negative automatic thoughts caused depression. beck... a. suggested a negative cognitive shift occurred in the individual's thinking b. capitalized on the concepts developed by Albert Ellis in developing his cognitive therapy c. believed that depression seldom occurred because of interpersonal factors d. developed a theory of reciprocal inhibition B - The use of distance of counseling technology and social media in counseling continues to grow. Which of the following statements is most accurate? a. counselors who do distance counseling are subject to their state's laws and regulations but probably not to the state where their client lives b. if the counselor has a Facebook account, a professional and a personal profile account should be established c. because of the distance involved, creating and maintaining professional boundaries across state lines are less important than face to face counseling d. to increase their knowledge of their clients' issues, counselors should routinely access clients' social media sites. C - Jenna is beginning her junior year in high school and is college bound. Her ability for success in college is excellent but she is still uncertain as to what her college major should be. Given this information about Jenna, the counselor would recommend... a. aptitude assessment b. ability testing c. interest assessment d. intelligence testing A - For each of eight stages. Erikson believed that a balance between the polarities was typically the outcome. For example, in his stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, self control is fostered. Conflict
between Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt may lead to hostile or benign expectations. This Erikson stage is equivalent to Freud's... a. anal stage b. phallic stage c. oral stage d. genital stage D - At an initial session, counselors are expected to share with clients information about counselings goals, techniques, counselor qualifications, and counseling limitations. This information is called... a. duty to warn b. release of information c. professional liability statement d. statement of disclosure. A - A counseling group begins with ten individuals. By the end of the third session, two members have dropped. One of the remaining members knows of an individual who would like to join the group. The member asks the group leader if this is possible and he tells her no. It is likely that this is a ____________ group. a. closed b. homogeneous c. working d. structured C - Awareness by career counselors of the cultural values and environment of minority group members they counsel will make such counseling more effective. Which of the following is generally NOT true in regard to ethnic groups in this country? a. minority group members are likely to experience discrimination and prejudice in employment b. the concept of last hired, first fired often applies to minority group members
