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According to the scope of practice for a Nutrition Coach, which is an example of an appropriate resource for determining daily caloric intake? ✔✔Dietary Guidelines for Americans During a regular meeting, a client is complaining of irregular gastrointestinal issues, ranging from diarrhea to constipation. What is the best course of action? ✔✔Advise him to make an appointment with his personal physician Where might a Nutrition Coach find reputable information on recent dietary guidelines? ✔✔Government-funded agencies A new client is 6-weeks post-partum. She states that she has very little energy and feels sadness most of the time. What is the most appropriate course of action? ✔✔Refer her to a clinical psychiatrist. To ensure the client is retaining any shared information, it is important that the content presented is highly relevant and what other quality? ✔✔Practical A group of scientists looks at the effects of an extreme weight loss diet in a single person over time. What type of research is this considered? ✔✔Case study Scientists perform a study comparing 1000 women with breast cancer to 1000 women without breast cancer. They gather information on the women's diets and look to see if the women diagnosed with
breast cancer had more fat in their diet compared to the women who did not get cancer. Which term best describes this study? ✔✔Case-control study Scientists find that a protein supplement increases lean mass in the elderly. However, they caution that the results may not apply to other populations, like younger people. What term best describes what the scientists are referring to? ✔✔External validity Which term refers to a proposed explanation for a set of observations? ✔✔Hypothesis To which of the following terms can 'non-communicable disease (NCD) also refer? ✔✔Chronic diseases Elderly tend to have which of the following? ✔✔Lower dietary intake of vitamins What is the leading contributor to preventable death? ✔✔Heart disease Which of the following is true about the link between type-2 diabetes and diet? ✔✔They have a very strong connection Which is one of the key features that distinguishes life from non-life? ✔✔Metabolism Energy utilized for immediate work is known as which of the following? ✔✔Kinetic The storage form of glucose is know as which of the following? ✔✔Glycogen
According to the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), how many calories from added sugar are recommended for men on a daily basis? ✔✔A limit of 150 calories Which polysaccharide is digested fastest? ✔✔Amylopectin What is a chylomicron? ✔✔A lipoprotein that delivers triglycerides to the cells What is the role of lipoprotein lipase? ✔✔It is the enzyme that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. What is eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA)? ✔✔An omega-3 fatty acid found in the oil of cold-water fish. What is a good source of monounsaturated fatty acids? ✔✔Canola oil Alcoholics often suffer from structural and functional damage to their brain as a result of a deficiency in which vitamin? ✔✔Thiamine What effect can alcohol metabolism have if liver glycogen is low? ✔✔Sever hypoglycemia What important molecule is magnesium conjugated to in the body? ✔✔ATP
What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of iodine for adults (men and non-pregnant or lactating women > 18 years of age)? ✔✔ 150 μg/day What percent of athletes have been found to have inadequate levels of vitamin D? ✔✔0. What is the result of extended periods of high doses of fluoride? ✔✔Damage to bones A sweat loss assessment has determined a client loses ~1.5 % of their body mass during a typical training session. The client trains five days per week. What is the best hydration advice be for this client? ✔✔Drink ad libitum. If this doesn't assure the client, advise an extra 500 mL of water before bed and before reporting to train. Which of the following electrolytes is found in the greatest concentration in the extracellular fluid? ✔✔Sodium A client's pre-exercise weight is 65.0 kg. Their post-exercise weight is 63.0 kg. They consumed 0.5 liters of fluid during training. What was the volume of their sweat loss? ✔✔2.5 liters Exercise associated hyponatremia is primarily caused by which of the following? ✔✔Excessive fluid intake What does the Institute of Medicine recommend for protein intake? ✔✔ 10 - 35% of total energy How many hours does a fat-containing food need to digest or leave the gut? ✔✔Up to 5-6 hours
The average daily intake of a nutrient sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all (97 to 98 percent) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group is known as which of the following? ✔✔Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) describes the average daily nutrient intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group? ✔✔Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) What is an appropriate visual approximation for vegetables at a meal for an average adult male who requires approximately 2200-2800 calories per day? ✔✔Two fist-sized portions A client says she has a difficult time estimating an appropriate portion of starch when she dines out at restaurants. What might the Nutrition Coach recommend she use as a visual approximation? ✔✔A cupped palm-size portion A client wants to know if her daily multivitamin provides an adequate amount of each vitamin to meet all her daily needs. What values should she look at on the Supplement Facts label to determine this? ✔✔The % Daily Value (DV) for each vitamin How many grams of fat does a 'Low Fat' product labeled on the Nutrition Facts panel have? ✔✔Three grams of fat or less per serving What is the recommended total daily fat intake on a low-fat diet (LFD)? ✔✔ 20 - 35% of total calories What does the body do during ketosis? ✔✔Produces ketones (ketone bodies) from fat
What is the primary difference between conventional and organic agriculture? ✔✔Pesticide use Nonnutritive sweeteners may be associated with weight gain because of what psychological phenomenon? ✔✔Brain activation patterns A client increases protein and fiber intake to help feel fuller. Which type of barrier to adherence does this strategy help overcome? ✔✔Physiological Setting weekly goals around grocery shopping and food preparation can be considered which characteristic of successful long-term weight maintenance? ✔✔Self-efficacy A client's previous diet involved a list of "good" or "bad" foods. Which characteristic of successful long- term weight maintenance would be useful for this client? ✔✔Flexible dietary control Which of the following accounts for the smallest percentage of total daily energy expenditure? ✔✔Thermic effect of food What is considered the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for dietary fat for adults? ✔✔ 20 - 35% Deficiencies in vitamin B1 lead to which of the following? ✔✔Beriberi What family of compounds are the vitamin K1 compounds called? ✔✔Phylloquinones
At what rate should individuals engaged in exercise in hot environments consume fluids? ✔✔There is no single fluid intake rate for all individuals. A client's pre-exercise weight is 80.0 kg. Their post-exercise weight is 78.0 kg. They consumed 1.0 liters of fluid during training. What was the volume of their sweat loss? ✔✔3.0 liters Which item most accurately describes the role of fluid intake in regards to assisting body-temperature regulation during exercise in the heat? ✔✔Fluid intake can blunt increases in temperature during severe dehydration, but it cannot prevent all cases of heat illness. A client completes three weight-training sessions with a Personal Trainer per week but also completes three, 1-hour group indoor cycle per week (not on the same day). They ask their Nutrition Coach for hydration advice. Which of the following responses would be most appropriate? ✔✔"Your workout sessions are not long enough in duration to cause sweat losses that dictate a personal hydration plan. Keep fluids available during exercise, and drink based on thirst." Which of the following scenarios would create the most optimal conditions for decreasing body temperature increase during exercise if the temperature and humidity were equal under each training scenario? ✔✔Cycling for an hour outdoors at 20 miles/hour Where is approximately 2/3 of body water found? ✔✔Intracellular fluid What signaling mechanism triggers thirst due to a significant loss in total body water from sweating? ✔✔Baroreceptor
A client has repeatedly exhibited a pre-exercise USG range between 1.014 and 1.018. How would a Nutrition Coach interpret this finding? ✔✔The client is doing a great job of meeting recovery fluid intake needs. A client weighs 50 kg and is training to complete a cool weather half-marathon in a time of about 2 h. The client's sweat losses are expected to equal 2 liters (about 4% of body mass). Which fluid intake goal would be most appropriate? ✔✔Begin the race euhydrated and simply drink to thirst. A client who trains for triathlons has asked how much fluid he should consume between his morning runs and afternoon bike rides. He has determined his sweat losses from his early morning runs average around 2 liters. Which range of fluid intake would be most appropriate? ✔✔2.5-3.0 liters What role does pickle juice play in regards to client hydration status? ✔✔Pickle juice contains a high concentration of sodium which can increase thirst drive and aid in consumed fluid retention. Which of the following responses occurs during exercise associated hyponatremia? ✔✔Extracellular fluid shifts inside cells. When playing in a baseball game, what energy system is primarily being used? ✔✔ATP-PC and glycolytic What is the anabolic window? ✔✔It is a period following exercise during which nutrients such as protein and carbohydrates can be used to maximize muscle growth and glycogen replenishment. Which energy system is primarily used during the start of a sprint, powerlifting, or throwing a discus? ✔✔ATP-PC
Which of the following has a strong body of research on its effectiveness to improve performance? ✔✔Caffeine Determining the attitudes and beliefs that a potential client has regarding food is a component of which of the following? ✔✔Developing a comprehensive client profile Which of the following is the premise of the Health Belief Model? ✔✔That a person is motivated to change due to a perceived health issue Which type of motivation is characterized by a client who wants to be competent or successful with a behavior change? ✔✔Intrinsic Which of the following is an informational way to provide social support to a client? ✔✔Teaching a client how to read food labels Which of the following is an example of social persuasion? ✔✔Telling a client about the positive benefits of eating more fruits and vegetables Which of the following is an example of a client with a high level of self-efficacy? ✔✔A client who strongly believes they can reduce fat in their diet to help lower their cholesterol
