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NASM CNC Exam | 85 Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | Updated & Verified | 2024
Palatability ✔✔The degree of pleasure or taste provided by a food - a highly palatable food is one that is tasty and pleasant to consume. Satiety ✔✔A feeling of fullness and satisfaction. Which of the following represents a socio-cultural food choice? A. Someone who just doesn't like the taste of garlic B. Someone who only buys their produce at a farmers' markets C. Someone who recently increased protein intake to build muscle D. Someone who eats Halal foods because they practice Islam ✔✔Someone who eats Halal foods because they practice Islam T/F? Satiety is achieved by the relatively simple process of the stomach recognizing that it is full of food. ✔✔False Which of the following hormones is responsible for feelings of satiety? A. Ghrelin B. Leptin C. Cortisol
D. Testosterone ✔✔Leptin Which of the following is best described as the state of being in good health, especially as an actively pursued goal? A. Physical Fitness B. Disease-free C. Wellness D. Self-confidence ✔✔Wellness What is the leading contributor to preventable death? ✔✔Smoking Which of the following is the leading cause of death? A. Heart Disease B. Diabetes C. Obesity D. Breast Cancer ✔✔Heart Disease Which of the following terms is best defined as a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury? A. infection
An important factor impacting satiety includes: ✔✔Palatability Non-communicable diseases are also known as what? ✔✔Chronic Diseases Which physiological change occurs with aging? ✔✔slower metabolism What is true about the link between type-2 diabetes and diet? ✔✔They have a very strong connection What is true about portion sizes in America during the past decade? ✔✔They have increased dramatically. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is: ✔✔The energy currency of life. Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) ✔✔is the estimated calorie needs per day, by age, sex, and physical activity level Thermodynamics ✔✔The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. describes the relationship between heat and energy (mechanical, electrical, or chemical) and how these are converted into one another. Thermodynamics explains how energy is transferred from one place to another and from one form to another The First Law of Thermodynamics, also referred to as the law of conservation of energy: ✔✔states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created nor destroyed
Energy ✔✔Ability to do work Metabolism ✔✔Chemical processes occuring within the body to convert food to energy When an individual consumes more calories than they expend: ✔✔energy is stored (as fatty acids, muscle tissue, bone tissue, organs, etc.) When an individual expends more calories than they consume ✔✔energy is lost (as carbon dioxide, fatty acids, muscle tissue, bone tissue, etc.) What are the primary molecules in our food that store energy within their chemical bonds? ✔✔Carbohydrates What molecules' bond is broken during the usage of ATP that results in an ADP molecule and the release of free energy to drive muscle contractions? ✔✔Phosphate What components of energy balance represents energy in? ✔✔Food and beverages Which of the following is an individual factor that affects energy balance? ✔✔Psychology RMR ✔✔resting metabolic rate refers to the total number of calories burned when the body is completely at rest
Have walking meetings instead of sitting in a conference room Use a stand-up desk or sit on an exercise ball Get a pedometer or smartwatch and challenge yourself to add more steps or activity points each day Pace and fidget more Take the stairs Adopt a more active lifestyle Walk or cycle instead of driving Use manual tools and utensils instead of powered labor-saving versions Only one in three adults receives: ✔✔the recommended amount of physical activity each week (US Department of Health and Human Services). Less than 5% of adults ✔✔participate in 30 minutes of physical activity each day (US Department of Agriculture).
Metabolic Equivalent (MET) ✔✔One MET is often used to describe RMR and energy expenditure. One Metabolic Equivalent (MET) = 3.5 ml O2 / Kg/min. Lipogenesis ✔✔The biological process of combining free fatty acids with glycerol to form triglycerides. Lipolysis ✔✔The biological process of breaking stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol. Glycogenolysis ✔✔The process of breaking down the glycogen molecule into its individual glucose units for entry into the energy pathways. cortisol ✔✔produced by the adrenal glands and is released in response to stress Testosterone ✔✔hormone that plays a key role in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. It has a major influence on body-fat composition and muscle mass in men. Testosterone deficiency ✔✔is associated with an increased fat mass (central adiposity in particular), reduced insulin sensitivity and impaired glucose tolerance, which may be related to diabetes and risk for heart disease (Kelly & Jones, 2013). Roughly what percentage of daily energy expenditure comes from the thermic effect of activity (TEA)? ✔✔ 15 - 30% Which bodily functions are supported by a person's resting metabolism? ✔✔Breathing Blood Circulation
Glucagon ✔✔A hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells that increases blood glucose concentration when blood sugars decrease below a certain threshold Emotional eating ✔✔is using food to make yourself feel better—eating to satisfy emotional needs rather than to satisfy physical hunger ______________ influence the rate of digestion and metabolism ✔✔bacterial cells in the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) Imbalance of the normal gut microbes can cause gastrointestinal conditions such as ✔✔inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Food Processing ✔✔any procedure that alters food from its natural state, such as freezing, drying, milling, canning, mixing, or adding salt, sugar, fat, or additives Changes the physical and chemical nature of the food Which hormone is produced by adipose cells and helps stimulate satiety? ✔✔Leptin What statement(s) represents a function of the hormone ghrelin? ✔✔- stimulates appetite
- released by the stomach
- concentration affected by age and gender
Which hormone is released by the pancreas and helps to either usher glucose into cells or store it as glycogen when blood sugar levels are high? ✔✔Insulin ATP-PC system (phosphagen system) ✔✔metabolic pathway uses the energy released from the breakdown of phosphocreatine (also called creatine phosphate) for an immediate source of energy and then uses the phosphate molecule to produce more ATP Glycolysis ✔✔The first step of carbohydrate metabolism, an anaerobic pathway, that breaks glucose or glycogen down to pyruvate. Lipolysis ✔✔The biological process of breaking stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol. When there is not enough oxygen available, what is pyruvate converted to instead of being used aerobically within the mitochondria? ✔✔Lectic acid How much total ATP can be created by the complete anaerobic and aerobic metabolism of one molecule of glucose? ✔✔36 molecules What foods tend to have a higher thermic response than others? ✔✔high-protein foods Which organ produces and releases insulin? ✔✔pancreas Which of the following is best defined as the energy accounted for during digestion and processing of food? ✔✔TEF - thermic effect of feeding
Energy expended during walking at work, typing, walking to and from meetings, and fidgeting is referred to as which of the following? ✔✔Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) Which principle describes how all energy taken into the body is accounted for; energy is either utilized directly, stored, or transformed to kinetic energy or heat? ✔✔The first law of thermodynamics Resting metabolic rate, or RMR, declines by what percentage per decade for men? ✔✔ 1 - 2%
