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Nasm chapter 6 nutrition questions and
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protein synthesis ✔✔the process by which amino acids are joined together to form proteins, such as lean tissues, like muscle.
What is the molecular component that makes each individual amino acid unique? ✔✔Side chain
peptide bond ✔✔The bond between 2 amino acids, occurring between the carboxyl group of one and the amino group of the other.
cell signaling ✔✔Process of communication between cells by biological messengers to govern cellular function.
Hydrolysis ✔✔Breakdown of one large molecule into two smaller molecules via the donation of one hydrogen and one hydroxyl group from water to the smaller molecules, respectively.
dehydration synthesis ✔✔The joining of two large molecules by removing one hydrogen from one molecule and a hydroxyl group (-OH) from another molecule, and then binding the two larger molecules together on the newly freed bonds.
amino acids ✔✔The organic building blocks of proteins containing both a carboxyl and an amino group.
Gluconeogenesis ✔✔The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids.
acid-base balance ✔✔the equilibrium in the body between acid and base concentrations
What amino acid is essential in the human diet? ✔✔Leucine
What protein is one of the largest polypeptides in the body and gives muscles their property of elasticity? ✔✔Titin
Cholecystokinin ✔✔Causes the pancreas to release protease enzymes into the small intestine
Secretin ✔✔Reduces acid release to help restore pH when eating ceases
How much daily protein is recommended for someone who participates in regular moderate- intensity resistance training? ✔✔1.5-2.0 g/kgBW
Performing resistance training while consuming a high protein diet consisting of 1.8-2.2 g/kgBW daily protein can help maintain muscle mass during a calorie-restricted weight loss diet. ✔✔true
Which amino acid is responsible for signaling for muscle protein synthesis, and is the only amino acid independently capable of enhancing muscle anabolism? ✔✔Leucine
What protein timing strategy has been shown through research to be the most optimal for continued muscle protein synthesis throughout the day? ✔✔4 meals with 20g protein each
How do protein and amino acids influence body pH? ✔✔They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH.
For an individual engaged in vigorous resistance training 5-6 days per week, what would be the most optimal protein prescription? ✔✔2.0 g/kg body weight
An existing client has been doing very well with meeting daily dietary recommendations with a three-meal per day eating pattern and they have met their goal to reach a healthy body weight with increased muscle tone. They express they would like to now pursue a new goal of a doing a physique competition within the next 12 months. Should the Nutrition Coach recommend they eat more or less frequently to help them meet their goals? ✔✔A Nutrition Coach should recommend they eat more-frequent meals because they can more frequently stimulate muscle growth.
What is most likely to impact longevity? ✔✔Calorie restriction may enhance longevity.
What are complementary protein sources? ✔✔2 foods with incomplete proteins that, when eaten together, supply all the necessary essential amino acids
Can post-workout protein consumption increase muscle glycogen synthesis? ✔✔Yes, when consumed with carbohydrates.
What is true about high-protein snacks? ✔✔Protein-based snacks without excess fats or carbohydrates can enhance satiety and, therefore, weight loss.
What is an ideal daily protein distribution? ✔✔Each meal contains an equal amount of protein.
In what form are proteins primarily absorbed? ✔✔Single amino acids
Which of the following amino acids is essential in the human diet? ✔✔Leucine
Which protein is one of the largest polypeptides in the body and gives muscles their property of elasticity? ✔✔Titin
Titin ✔✔a protein that positions the myosin filament to maintain equal spacing between actin filaments
poly ✔✔many, several
oli ✔✔few or small
mono ✔✔one, single
di ✔✔two, double
hepatic ✔✔pertaining to the liver
portal ✔✔an entrance, door or gateway,
Where is leptin produced? ✔✔adipose tissue
Where is gastrin produced? ✔✔stomach
Where is insulin produced? ✔✔pancreas
What do white blood cells do? ✔✔fight infection
What do white blood cells produce? ✔✔Antibodies and antitoxins
What do red blood cells do? ✔✔transport oxygen
