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NASM BEHAVIOR CHANGE SPECIALIST
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
"A health and fitness professional working with a client on injury rehabilitation generally will have the skills
necessary to deal with the most prevalent problem in rehabilitation, which is - CORRECT ANSWER
adherence/compliance to the exercise regimen set by the physical therapist."
"Transtheoretical model of behavior change (TTM) - CORRECT ANSWER A model that focuses on a
person's readiness to change. The TTM uses stages of change to integrate principles and processes of change across major theories of psychological change."
"Four Phases of Behavioral Contracting - CORRECT ANSWER Establish Target Behaviors and Settings
Monitor Progress Deliver Consequences Maximize Generalization"
"6 steps of behavioral coaching - CORRECT ANSWER Carefully define the desired behaviors.
Execute the play. Judge the correct executions. Describe the incorrect executions. Model the correct execution. Imitate the correct execution." "Which of the Big Five personality traits (related to perseverance) has been shown in research to be
particularly important in health management? - CORRECT ANSWER Conscientiousness"
"Five Steps of Problem Solving - CORRECT ANSWER 1. General orientation or "set"
- Problem definition and formulation
- Generation of alternatives
- Decision making
- Verification"
"Guided self-help describes - CORRECT ANSWER a professional-client relationship that is supportive,
positive, and goal-oriented so the client can meet challenges along the way to achieving goals." "American adults have become more and more overweight over the years. Most recently, approximately
what percentage of adults are overweight and obese? - CORRECT ANSWER About 1/3 of American adults
are obese and 2/3 are overweight."
"Health and Fitness Professionals specializing in Behavior Change need to abide by a strict code of ethics
with their clients. One important aspect of behaving in an ethical manner is - CORRECT ANSWER making
sure that they are working within their specific scope of practice and expertise."
"Occupations such as personal trainer and health educator have grown in recent years primarily due to -
CORRECT ANSWER an increase in overweight and obesity in both adults and teenagers."
"Certified Personal Trainers that have specialized in behavior change can use behavior change skills -
CORRECT ANSWER across a wide variety of client populations because the principles of behavior change
do not change across populations."
"It is the ultimate goal of fitness coaches to - CORRECT ANSWER have clients develop the knowledge and
skills that will make them responsible for their own solutions."
"The OSCAR model, which is a framework for a coaching engagement, is an acronym for - CORRECT
ANSWER outcome, situation, choices, actions, and review"
"Which of the following is an example of a helping profession that requires a coaching role or relationship?
- CORRECT ANSWER Nutritionist"
"Active listening involves - CORRECT ANSWER listening intently and focusing attention on the client even
though at times this requires silence." "People learn by doing and feeling and rely more on intuition than logic. This is an example of which of
Kolb's learning styles? - CORRECT ANSWER Accommodating"
"The term "unconditional positive regard" means that fitness coaches - CORRECT ANSWER believe that
the client has the capacity to grow and find within themselves the answers that they need."
"Which of the following is a coaching communication competency? - CORRECT ANSWER Establishing
trust and rapport"
"The OSCAR model of change is - CORRECT ANSWER a framework for coaching engagement which
provides a clear structure for the coaching process."
"A coach in the helping profession - CORRECT ANSWER b. works with their clients to aid the client in
setting realistic goals, making appropriate choices, defining a program that will help the client reach his or her goals, monitoring progress, and offering feedback."
"In a study investigating goal setting in relation to dietary habits and weight control, what technique was
combined with goal setting produced the most positive effects? - CORRECT ANSWER Self-monitoring"
"Research from the industrial/organizational areas has clearly shown that - CORRECT ANSWER in 90% of
the studies, specific, difficult goals led to higher levels of performance than easy goals, no goals, or "do your best" goals."
"Which of the following is an example of an objective goal? - CORRECT ANSWER I want to lower my time
in the upcoming 10 kilometer race by 10 seconds."
"Both short- and long-term goals are important because - CORRECT ANSWER long-term goals tell you
where you eventually want to go and short-term goals provide feedback in terms of where you are in reaching your long-term goals."
"To increase goal commitment fitness professional should make sure that clients - CORRECT ANSWER
own their goals via having input on setting up goals."
"Which of the following is a potential problem when setting goals? - CORRECT ANSWER Setting too many
goals too soon."
"Goal setting is important as a behavior change technique - CORRECT ANSWER when the goals enhance
motivation and direct attention toward goal completion." "A wellness professional wanted to increase the amount of walking a client did. The client liked to socialize with friends at a pub. So the wellness professional suggested that to get to the pub and socialize (the likely
behavior) the client should walk to pub (unlikely behavior) rather than drive. This is an example of -
CORRECT ANSWER Premacking"
"Operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER Learning that occurs by making associations between
voluntary behaviors and their consequences." “Employers are recognizing not only the need for increased fitness but overall health in their employees.
This has led to the rise of - CORRECT ANSWER corporate fitness programs"
"Both the OPT (Optimum Performance Training Model) and the Stages of Change are different from
traditional models of behavior change because - CORRECT ANSWER they take an individualized
approach focusing on the individual client, the environment in which he or she is placed, and what they are capable or ready to do"
"Coaching in the wellness area is defined as - CORRECT ANSWER partnering with clients in a thought-
provoking and creative process that inspires them to maximize their personal and professional potential."
"Health and fitness professionals specializing in behavior change - CORRECT ANSWER will be able to use
scientifically validated screening and intervention techniques in a guided self-help way to progress clients to results."
"Coaches need to understand learning preferences and styles because - CORRECT ANSWER adults learn
differently from each other and approach learning differently than do children."
"Kolb's Learning Styles - CORRECT ANSWER Diverging: Feeling and Watching. Good at looking at things
from different perspectives Assimilating: Thinking and Watching. Concise, logical approach to ideas+concepts. Ideas+Concepts > People. Converging: Thinking and Doing. Learning to solve problems, find practical uses for ideas/theories. Accommodating: Feeling and Doing. Hands on, intuition > logic, gut instinct."
"Classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER Learning through associations between a neutral
environmental stimulus (a conditioned stimulus) and a naturally occurring stimulus (the unconditioned stimulus)."
"Behavior therapy is - CORRECT ANSWER the application of principles to real life situations derived from
learning theory such as classical and operant conditioning." "Researchers were able to increase the percentage of correct executions of different tasks in football,
gymnastics, and tennis by focusing on using modeling. This demonstrated the effectiveness of - CORRECT
ANSWER behavioral coaching."
"A sport psychologist had a bowler track the correct execution of elements of the bowling swing (e.g., grip,
follow through, balance) or problems with the execution of these elements. This is an example of -
CORRECT ANSWER self-monitoring"
"Generalization - CORRECT ANSWER maintenance of behavior change across time and circumstances."
"A fitness professional removes the client's least favorite exercise from their next session when the client
adheres to his or her nutrition program. This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER negative
reinforcement."
"Contingency contracting - CORRECT ANSWER The use of explicit agreements specifying expectations,
plans, and/ or contingencies for the behavior(s) to be changed." "In many weight loss programs, clients learn to eliminate high fat tempting foods from their homes which reduces the temptation to eat these foods while building stimulus-response connections to better food
choices. This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER Environmental Stimulus Control."
