•Nail Structure •Nail Growth •Nail Diseases, Disorders, and ..., Lecture notes of Biology

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Nail Theory

•NailStructure•NailGrowth•NailDiseases,Disorders,andConditions

Onychology The study of nails.

Nail Structure

7. Nail Matrix –

Generates cells that

make the nail.

8. Nail Root –

Attached to matrix

9. Cuticle –

Overlapping skin

around the nail

10. Nail Bed –

Skin that nail sits on

11. Nail Grooves –

Tracks that nail

slides on

12. Perionychium –

Skin around nail

13. Hyponychium –

Underneath the

free edge

Hyponychium

Nail Body Nail Groove

Nail Bed

Lunula

Eponychium

Nail Root

Matrix

Nail Growth

•^

Keratin –

Glue-like protein

that hardens to make the nail.

-^

Rate of Growth^ –

4 to 6 month to grow new nail

Approx. 1/8” per month

-^

Faster in summer

-^

Toenails grow faster

Injuries

• Result: shape distortions or discoloration
  • Nail lost due to

trauma.

• Nail lost through

disease.

Nail Diseases, Disorders and

Conditions

• Onychosis –

Any nail disease

• Etiology
• Cause of nail disease, disorder

or condition.

• Hand and Nail Examination –

Check for

problems

• Six signs of infection
• Pain, swelling,

redness, local fever, throbbing and pus

Symptoms

• Coldness –

Lack of circulation

• Heat –

Infection

• Dry Texture –

Lack of moisture

• Redness –

Infection

• Color of Nail Bed –

Bruise

• Condition of Free Edge –

Nail biter

• Tenderness/stiffness –

Arthritis

• Nail Plate Thickness -

Filing

Onychomycosis

• Tinea Unguium /

Ringworm

• Cause – fungus • Thick, turns colors,

deformed

• See physician • No services may be

performed!!!

Tinea Manus

• Hand Ringworm• Fungus • Blisters & flakes• See physician • No services may be

performed!!

Paronychia

• Inflammation• Bacterial Infection • Shows signs of infection• May grow out irregular • See physician• No service may be

performed!!

Onychoptosis

• Shedding of Nails• Disease • Sensitive, nail loss
  • Will re-grow
    • Needs to be protected • No service may be

performed!!

Onychatrophia

• Wasting away of the nail• Injury • Shrinkage, separation• May improve in 3 – 6

months

• No services may be

performed!!

Onycholysis

• Loosening of Nail• Systemic • Partially loose nail,

becomes detached

• See physician • No services may be

performed!!