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Definitions for various music terms, including lied, strophic form, through-composed form, tempo rubato, idee fixe, music drama, leitmotif, bel canto, impressionism, expressionism, polyrhythm, atonality, twelve-tone method, sprechstimme, klangfarbenmelodie, aleatoric, and prepared piano.
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German for "song"; most commonly associated with the solo art song of the nineteenth century, usually accompanied by piano TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 song structure in which the same music is repeated with every stanza (strophe) of the poem TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 song structure that combines elements of strophic and through-composed forms; a variation of strophic form in which a section might have a new key, rhythm, or varied melodic pattern TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 song structure that is composed from beginning to end, without repetitions of large sections TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 "borrowed time". Common in Romantic music, in which the performer hesitates here or hurries forward there, imparting flexibility to the written note values
"fixed idea"; term coined by Berlioz for a recurring musical idea that links different movements of a work TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 wagners term for his opera TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 "leading motive" of basic recurring theme, representing a person, object, or idea, commonly used in wagner's operas. TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 "beautiful singing": elegant Italian vocal style characterized by florid melodic lines delivered by voices of great agility, smoothness, and purity of tone TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 a french movement developed by visual artists who favored vague, blurry images intended to capture an "impression" of the subject. Impressionism in music is characterized by exotic scales, unresolved dissonances, parallel chords, rich orchestral tone color, and free rhythm
twentieth-century technique in which the notes of a melody are distributed among different instruments, giving a pointillistic texture. TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 indetermine music in which certain elements of performance (such as pitch, rhythm, or form) are left to choice or chance TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 Piano whose sound is altered by the insertion of various materials (metal, rubber, leather, and paper) between the strings; invented by John Cage TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 contemporary musical style featuring the repetition of short melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic patterns with little variation