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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A COMPLETE EXAM
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Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS application of a moral code of conduct and good behavior in the field of professional endeavor. Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS It illustrates the act of professionalism in any professional service and enters every sphere of life while a person carries out his/her moral obligations and responsibilities. Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS derived from the Ancient Greek word ethos which means "theory of things" or "way of living" ethos - CORRECT ANSWERS it means "theory of things" or "way of living" "The theory of things" - CORRECT ANSWERS views the happening of events, decisions, and actions as the product of rightful thoughts and deeds Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS also derived from the old French word ethique Late Latin ethica - CORRECT ANSWERS it means "of or for morals, moral, or expressing character"; Modern Latin mores - CORRECT ANSWERS it means "customs" Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Encompasses the analysis and institution of moral concepts such as right or wrong, good or evil, and responsibility or abandonment. Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Considered as the fundamental concept or what is meant as the decency of human conduct.
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Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS It covers the study of universal values, existing individual and societal norms and values, equality between men and women, human or natural rights, legal rights as mandated by fundamental laws, balance of nature, and concern and compassion for health and safety. Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS May also mean "morality" Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS refers to the theory of good or evil and right or wrong. Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS may refer to what has been known as the standard behavior or conduct in a particular place Morality - CORRECT ANSWERS connotes the existence of real-world beliefs and practices about proper human conduct Morality - CORRECT ANSWERS refers to any behavior or practice common to all groups Nature and Scope of Ethics (Scope) - CORRECT ANSWERS Signifies the nature of a subject matter because it covers the:
- highest goodness of human conduct
- enquires into the spring of life, that is, the very nature of voluntary actions, intentions and motives. Nature and Scope of Ethics (Scope) - CORRECT ANSWERS Ethics also includes everything that has reference to free human acts with emphasis on the:
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A COMPLETE EXAM
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- Remodeling
- Interconnecting - CORRECT ANSWERS In the field of moral philosophy, ethics covers the concepts and principles of __________ the implications of right and wrong deeds. Ethics is a Philosophy - CORRECT ANSWERS because it touches the principles of righteousness and goodness. Ethics is a Philosophy - CORRECT ANSWERS It includes the so-called code of right conduct (code of ethics) in the everyday struggle for life. Ethics is a Philosophy - CORRECT ANSWERS It covers what is morally right or morally good for the person and society. Ethics is a Science - CORRECT ANSWERS because it is aimed at attaining a systematized knowledge and experience. Ethics is a Science - CORRECT ANSWERS While science incudes a particular sphere of nature, ethics as a science deals with a particular sphere of life, that is, the conduct of moral righteousness and judgment that makes up the human conduct. Ethics is a Science - CORRECT ANSWERS Ethics is defined as the science of the highest goodness because it investigates what is right or good in human conduct and prescribes what humans ought to do in terms of obligations, rights, specific virtues, benefits to society, and fairness. Ethics is a NOT an Art - CORRECT ANSWERS as it does not teach an individual how to live a moral life, but rather justifies the rightness or goodness of life, which is the so-called "summum bonum of human life"
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"Science of Values" - CORRECT ANSWERS Ethics may be called the __________ because it discovers and investigates the forms of conduct and behavior that institutes moral phenomenon which it observes and classifies based on moral ideals.
- Rules
- Standards
- Principles
- Judgement
- Common Sense
- Values
- Public Interest - CORRECT ANSWERS The Components and Types of Ethics Rules - CORRECT ANSWERS these are a set of laws or orders that may penalize wrongdoing. Rules - CORRECT ANSWERS They may guide an individual to act in conformity with a law, ordinance, directive or policy. Standards - CORRECT ANSWERS Any individual or society may set certain standards that the individual or group of individuals or the entire community should observe. Standards - CORRECT ANSWERS Sometimes considered as social policies. Standards - CORRECT ANSWERS Example is:
- policy of prohibiting same-sex marriage Principle of Moral System - CORRECT ANSWERS When the rules of conduct are evaluated against a standard rule, it is otherwise known as a "__________"
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- happiness
- love
- affection
- sincerity
- fortitude Public Interest - CORRECT ANSWERS Manifests when an action has been done and executed in congruency with public welfare Public Interest - CORRECT ANSWERS If an act is against public safety, then such an act is wrong and illegal. Public Interest - CORRECT ANSWERS Example is:
- drug addiction
- Meta - Ethics
- Applied Ethics
- Normative Ethics
- Descriptive Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS General Types of Ethics Meta - Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Seeks the use of ethical reasons for the things or events that have happened or have been happening as the will of the Almighty God. Meta - Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Literally means ethics far beyond the physical world, that is, the rule of power and the will of Almighty God over human reasoning. Meta - Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS involves TWO ISSUES:
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- Metaphysical issue answering the question whether morality is supreme over humans (include the existence of objectivism vs. relativism)
- A psychological issue disclosing the basis of mental judgment over human conduct (egoism vs. altruism, / emotion vs. reason / male vs. female morality) Applied Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Branch of ethics that refers to the analysis of moral issues such as abortion, animal rights, and euthanasia. Applied Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Various subdisciplines:
- Environmental
- Medical
- Social
- Business Ethics Applied Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Attempts to adopt a defensible theoretical framework and then derive the normative advice by applying the theory. Normative Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Implies the institution of moral conduct in regulating what is right or wrong. Normative Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Basic principle: GOLDEN RULE
- Virtue theory
- Duty theory
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Virtue Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS Plato and Aristotle established the thought that people are ethical or moral agents who are capable of giving advice on ethical issues. Virtue Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS A virtuous person is one who acts right because he or she is just that sort of person. Virtue Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS With this approach, a virtuous person is both the basic concept and the goal of ethics Deontological (Duty) Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS Denotes duty on the part of the agent or doer of the action Deontology - CORRECT ANSWERS derived from the Greek word deon(t) which simply means "bind" deon(t) - CORRECT ANSWERS it means "bind" Deontological (Duty) Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS It is important to note that goodness is the ability to understand and act on a moral obligation
- Religion
- Kantian Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Two essential principles derived from deontology approach: Religion - CORRECT ANSWERS Have established rules showing revelations from God and advice from religious leaders Religion - CORRECT ANSWERS The rules set by religious affiliations have maxims and parables to guide human behavior
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Kantian Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS formulated by Immanuel Kant Kantian Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Is based on categorical (absolute) imperatives that are derived from rational analysis instead of revelations set by priests or religious leaders Kantian Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS It formulates a test that can determine if an act done is right or wrong Consequentialist Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS otherwise known as TELEOLOGICAL APPROACH Consequentialist Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS is based on the premise that if the outcomes are good, then the related actions can be good regardless of the motive of the actor. Consequentialist Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS Philosopher JOHN STUART MILL - mentioned that public policy should be judged on the outcomes Consequentialist Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS Actions are right if they tend to promote happiness which is understood as the greatest good for the greatest number. But the question is: WHAT IS THE GREATEST GOOD? Managerial Liberals - CORRECT ANSWERS those who seek to use government power to give people what they ought to want whether or not they realize that it is good for them Subjectivists - CORRECT ANSWERS those who are more interested in addressing what people actually do want - whether or not obtaining this will, objectively speaking, turn out to be good for them
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Ethics in Philosophy - CORRECT ANSWERS Some psychologists believe that moral behavior is reshaped by moral reasoning through the formulation of theories. Theories - CORRECT ANSWERS based on the assumption that the moral behavior prescribed by ethics can be seen as an adaptation of evolution. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - CORRECT ANSWERS formulated by Abraham Maslow Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - CORRECT ANSWERS one of the most popular humanistic theories Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - CORRECT ANSWERS includes self-actualization, pertaining to the self-fulfillment of one's potential, as the highest tier in the hierarchy of needs Ethics in Health Care - CORRECT ANSWERS Is commonly practiced by health workers such as:
- Nurses
- Psychologists
- Geneticists
- Pharmacists
- Physicians
- and other Allied Health Workers. Ethics in Health Care - CORRECT ANSWERS Some medical practices that remain ethical issues are:
- Abortion
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- Euthanasia
- Nuclear Research
- Stem Cell Therapy
- Vaccine Clinical Trials Ethics in Politics and Economics - CORRECT ANSWERS Pertains to business ethics and Marxist principles Ethics in Politics and Economics - CORRECT ANSWERS Evident among employers and corporate workers, this type of ethics is anchored on sensitivity to employees' status and circumstances. Economic Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS derived in particular from family structure and culture, including the way a society views an individual's roles and values Ethics in Environment - CORRECT ANSWERS Deals with how humans utilize the Earth's limited resources. Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Applies to the workforce and professionals Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Professionals act according to certain standards of behavior Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Example is:
- Medical Technologists
- Medical Technology Code of Ethics
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A COMPLETE EXAM
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Due Diligence - CORRECT ANSWERS A registered MT must demonstrate diligence, especially in the execution of his/her work. Due Diligence - CORRECT ANSWERS Every laboratory examination must be carried out with
Confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWERS __________ of records is an important value among health workers. Confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWERS It controls the:
- release of medical records
- limits the ability of persons to testify in court based on information obtained when providing professional services (testimonial privilege)
- prohibits disclosure of information rearing specific diseases such as HIV and drug use Fidelity to Professional Responsibilities - CORRECT ANSWERS Dedication to work and __________ or loyalty to ___________ should be observed. Fidelity to Professional Responsibilities - CORRECT ANSWERS A registered MT should perform his/her job to the best of his/her abilities and potential Reliability at Work - CORRECT ANSWERS Laboratory results must be treated with accuracy and reliability; thus, a registered MT must be __________ and credible.
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Reliability at Work - CORRECT ANSWERS he/she should have a basis in releasing the reported lab results. Avoidance of Conflict of Interest - CORRECT ANSWERS In any clinical laboratory, a registered MT should __________, especially those involving one's own personal desires or wants. Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS is the mirror image of applied ethics and vice versa. Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Deals with the practice of one's profession Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Is the ethics of professions or ethics of work Professional Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS There are common norms and duties for all professionals Applied Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Is primarily focused on the particular academic endeavor Applied Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS Is the ethics prevailing in both professional and non- professional works Applied Ethics - CORRECT ANSWERS __________ norms and duties are specific fields where ethics is applied responsibilities - CORRECT ANSWERS As I enter into the practice of Medical Technology, I shall accept the __________ inherent to being a professional
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honesty - CORRECT ANSWERS I shall perform professional work in a manner that merits full confidence and trust carried out with absolute __________, __________, __________ and
fairly in confidence - CORRECT ANSWERS I shall review the professional work of other medical technologists, when requested, ___________ and __________ whether they are subordinates or employees, authors of proposals for grants or contracts, authors of technical papers or other publications or involved in litigation exchanging general information contributing to the work of professional organizations - CORRECT ANSWERS I shall advance the profession by __________ and experience with fellow medical technologists and other professionals and by __________ within constructive limits for selfish ends - CORRECT ANSWERS I shall restrict my praises, criticisms, views and opinions __________ and shall not use the knowledge I know __________ strictly confidential with consent of the individual when necessary - CORRECT ANSWERS I shall treat any information I acquired about individuals in the course of my work as __________, and may be divulged only to authorized persons or entities or __________
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authorities responsible of enforcement of applicable laws or regulations Ethics Committee of the Philippine Association of Medical Technologists - CORRECT ANSWERS I shall report any infractions of these principles of professional conduct to the __________, or to the __________ as may be appropriate befitting the dignity of my profession - CORRECT ANSWERS To these principles, I hereby subscribe and pledge to conduct myself at all times in a manner __________. Principles - CORRECT ANSWERS Example is:
- policy of prohibiting same-sex marriage Principles - CORRECT ANSWERS Example is:
- policy of prohibiting same-sex marriage
