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MSN NSG 5150 Advanced Pharmacology Cumulative Final Exam ) Questions And Correct Answers, Exams of Nursing

South CollegeNursing

MSN NSG 5150 Advanced Pharmacology Cumulative Final Exam ) Questions And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2025 Q&A | Instant Download PDF South College

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2024/2025

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MSN NSG 5150 Advanced Pharmacology
Cumulative Final Exam ) Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2025
Q&A | Instant Download PDF South College
1. Which enzyme primarily metabolizes warfarin?
• CYP2C9
• Warfarin is mainly metabolized by CYP2C9; variations in this enzyme
affect dosing.
2. Which antibiotic is contraindicated in children under 8 years old due to risk
of teeth discoloration?
• Tetracycline
• Tetracyclines can bind to calcium in developing teeth and bones,
leading to discoloration.
3. What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?
• Flumazenil
• Flumazenil is a competitive antagonist at benzodiazepine receptors.
4. Which medication can cause red-orange discoloration of body fluids?
• Rifampin
• Rifampin induces liver enzymes and causes red-orange urine, sweat,
and tears.
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Partial preview of the text

Download MSN NSG 5150 Advanced Pharmacology Cumulative Final Exam ) Questions And Correct Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

MSN NSG 5150 Advanced Pharmacology

Cumulative Final Exam ) Questions And Correct

Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2025

Q&A | Instant Download PDF South College

  1. Which enzyme primarily metabolizes warfarin?
  • CYP2C
  • Warfarin is mainly metabolized by CYP2C9; variations in this enzyme affect dosing.
  1. Which antibiotic is contraindicated in children under 8 years old due to risk of teeth discoloration?
  • Tetracycline
  • Tetracyclines can bind to calcium in developing teeth and bones, leading to discoloration.
  1. What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?
  • Flumazenil
  • Flumazenil is a competitive antagonist at benzodiazepine receptors.
  1. Which medication can cause red-orange discoloration of body fluids?
  • Rifampin
  • Rifampin induces liver enzymes and causes red-orange urine, sweat, and tears.
  1. What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
  • They block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
  • This decreases vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion, lowering BP.
  1. Which drug class is first-line for treating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
  • Beta-blockers
  • Beta-blockers reduce cardiac workload and mortality in HFrEF.
  1. Which insulin has the fastest onset of action?
  • Insulin lispro
  • Insulin lispro is rapid-acting, useful for mealtime glucose control.
  1. Which antipsychotic has the highest risk for agranulocytosis?
  • Clozapine
  • Clozapine requires regular CBC monitoring due to this risk.
  1. Which drug is used for status epilepticus?
  • Lorazepam
  • Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used IV for acute seizure control.
  1. What is the black box warning for SSRIs in adolescents?
  • Suicidal ideation
  • Increased risk of suicidal thoughts in young people starting antidepressants.
  1. Which antibiotic is associated with tendon rupture?
  • N-acetylcysteine
  • Replenishes glutathione to detoxify the toxic metabolite.
  1. Which drug is contraindicated in pregnancy due to neural tube defects?
  • Valproic acid
  • High teratogenic risk including spina bifida.
  1. Which drug can cause lactic acidosis in patients with renal failure?
  • Metformin
  • Metformin is excreted renally; accumulation may cause lactic acidosis.
  1. Which medication is a loop diuretic?
  • Furosemide
  • Loop diuretics inhibit Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the thick ascending limb.
  1. Which drug is an H2 receptor antagonist?
  • Ranitidine
  • H2 blockers reduce gastric acid secretion.
  1. What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
  • Protamine sulfate
  • Protamine neutralizes heparin’s anticoagulant effect.
  1. Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?
  • MMR
  • Live vaccines like MMR should be avoided in pregnancy.
  1. Which antibiotic has risk of Clostridioides difficile infection?
  • Clindamycin
  • Clindamycin disrupts gut flora, increasing C. diff risk.
  1. Which medication is used to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression?
  • Naloxone
  • Naloxone is an opioid antagonist.
  1. Which drug class does amlodipine belong to?
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.
  1. What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors?
  • Inhibit H+/K+ ATPase
  • This blocks gastric acid secretion at the final step.
  1. Which antiviral is used for herpes simplex infections?
  • Acyclovir
  • Acyclovir inhibits viral DNA polymerase.
  1. Which drug is associated with gingival hyperplasia?
  • Phenytoin
  • Phenytoin can cause gum overgrowth.
  1. Which drug should be avoided with grapefruit juice?
  • Simvastatin
  • Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, raising statin levels.
  1. Which drug is used to treat myasthenia gravis?
  • Pyridostigmine
  • Inhibits acetylcholinesterase, increasing ACh.
  1. Which drug requires INR monitoring?
  • Warfarin
  • INR ensures safe and effective anticoagulation.
  1. Which drug is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
  • Lamotrigine
  • Lamotrigine can cause life-threatening skin reactions.
  1. Which medication is used to treat PJP pneumonia in HIV?
  • Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
  • TMP-SMX is first-line for PJP.
  1. What is the preferred anticoagulant in pregnancy?
  • Enoxaparin
  • LMWHs do not cross the placenta.
  1. Which drug can cause ototoxicity?
  • Gentamicin
  • Aminoglycosides can damage inner ear structures.
  1. Which drug is used for emergency hypertension crisis?
  • Nitroprusside
  • Potent vasodilator for hypertensive emergencies.
  1. Which drug causes gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism?
  • Cyclosporine
  • Immunosuppressant side effects.
  1. Which drug is a SGLT2 inhibitor?
  • Canagliflozin
  • Promotes renal glucose excretion.
  1. Which drug treats absence seizures?
  • Ethosuximide
  • Effective for absence (petit mal) seizures.
  1. Which drug is a serotonin antagonist used for nausea?
  • Ondansetron
  • Blocks 5-HT3 receptors in the GI tract and CNS.
  1. Which antibiotic has a disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol?
  • Metronidazole
  • Combining with alcohol causes flushing, nausea, vomiting.
  1. Which medication is used for neuropathic pain?
  • Gabapentin
  • Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant that modulates calcium channels to help with neuropathic pain.
  1. Which drug is an example of a bisphosphonate?
  • Alendronate
  • Tamsulosin
  • Tamsulosin relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder.
  1. Which class of drug is used for smoking cessation?
  • Varenicline
  • Varenicline is a partial nicotinic receptor agonist.
  1. Which drug has a black box warning for tendonitis?
  • Levofloxacin
  • Fluoroquinolones increase risk of tendon rupture.
  1. Which anticoagulant does not require routine INR monitoring?
  • Apixaban
  • DOACs like apixaban have predictable pharmacokinetics.
  1. Which antibiotic is a macrolide?
  • Azithromycin
  • Azithromycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit.
  1. Which drug is an example of a monoclonal antibody used for rheumatoid arthritis?
  • Adalimumab
  • Adalimumab blocks TNF-alpha activity.
  1. Which medication is a common cause of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
  • Vancomycin
  • Vancomycin requires monitoring for renal and auditory damage.
  1. Which drug is an inhaled corticosteroid?
  • Fluticasone
  • Fluticasone reduces airway inflammation in asthma.
  1. Which bronchodilator is used for acute asthma attacks?
  • Albuterol
  • Short-acting beta-2 agonist for quick relief.
  1. Which drug class can cause rebound congestion?
  • Nasal decongestants
  • Prolonged use of topical decongestants like oxymetazoline can cause rebound congestion.
  1. Which drug is used to treat C. difficile infection?
  • Vancomycin (oral)
  • Oral vancomycin is first-line for C. diff colitis.
  1. Which diuretic may cause gynecomastia?
  • Spironolactone
  • Spironolactone has antiandrogen effects.
  1. Which drug is used to treat opioid-induced constipation?
  • Methylnaltrexone
  • It blocks peripheral opioid receptors in the gut.
  1. Which drug is used as a dopamine agonist in Parkinson’s disease?
  • Pramipexole
  • Pramipexole directly stimulates dopamine receptors.
  1. Which medication is used for hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy?
  • Sulfonylureas
  • Sulfonylureas have a sulfa moiety.
  1. Which drug is used to prevent migraines?
  • Propranolol
  • Beta-blockers like propranolol are effective for migraine prophylaxis.
  1. Which vitamin reduces peripheral neuropathy in patients on isoniazid?
  • Pyridoxine (B6)
  • INH depletes B6, leading to neuropathy.
  1. Which medication is a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist?
  • Eplerenone
  • Eplerenone blocks aldosterone receptors.
  1. Which antiarrhythmic can cause lupus-like syndrome?
  • Procainamide
  • Procainamide has a risk of drug-induced lupus.
  1. Which diuretic may cause hypercalcemia?
  • Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Thiazides increase calcium reabsorption.
  1. Which drug is a potassium channel opener used in hair loss?
  • Minoxidil
  • Minoxidil prolongs anagen phase of hair growth.
  1. Which drug causes myopathy when combined with statins?
  • Gemfibrozil
  • Gemfibrozil inhibits statin metabolism, increasing myopathy risk.
  1. Which drug is used for pinworm infection?
  • Mebendazole
  • Mebendazole inhibits microtubule formation in parasites.
  1. Which antibiotic can cause kernicterus in neonates?
  • Sulfonamides
  • Sulfa drugs displace bilirubin, increasing kernicterus risk.
  1. Which antipsychotic is most likely to cause weight gain?
  • Olanzapine
  • Olanzapine has significant metabolic effects.
  1. Which drug is used for ADHD?
  • Methylphenidate
  • Stimulant that increases dopamine and norepinephrine.
  1. Which medication lowers triglycerides the most?
  • Fenofibrate
  • Fibrates are best for lowering triglycerides.
  1. Which drug class may cause erectile dysfunction?
  • Beta-blockers
  • Beta-blockers reduce sympathetic tone.
  1. Which antidepressant is contraindicated in seizure disorders?
  • Deferasirox
  • Deferasirox removes excess iron in chronic transfusions.
  1. Which drug is used for Wilson’s disease?
  • Penicillamine
  • Chelates copper for excretion.
  1. Which drug can cause hyperkalemia?
  • ACE inhibitors
  • They decrease aldosterone, increasing potassium.
  1. Which drug can cause hepatotoxicity in tuberculosis treatment?
  • Isoniazid
  • Monitor liver function tests.
  1. Which drug is used to treat tapeworm infections?
  • Praziquantel
  • Praziquantel increases calcium permeability in parasites.
  1. Which class is first-line for essential tremor?
  • Beta-blockers
  • Propranolol is commonly used.
  1. Which medication is contraindicated in glaucoma?
  • Anticholinergics
  • They can increase intraocular pressure.
  1. Which vitamin must be supplemented with methotrexate?
  • Folic acid
  • Reduces methotrexate side effects.
  1. Which drug prolongs QT interval and needs monitoring?
  • Haloperidol
  • Haloperidol can cause torsades de pointes.
  1. Which antibiotic causes a metallic taste?
  • Metronidazole
  • A common side effect of metronidazole.
  1. Which medication is a dopamine antagonist used as an antiemetic?
  • Metoclopramide
  • It blocks dopamine receptors in the CTZ.
  1. Which drug is used for insomnia and is a melatonin receptor agonist?
  • Ramelteon
  • Ramelteon is non-addictive for insomnia.
  1. Which drug is an antidote for methotrexate toxicity?
  • Leucovorin
  • Rescues normal cells from methotrexate toxicity.
  1. Which drug is used to prevent cisplatin nephrotoxicity?
  • Amifostine
  • Amifostine scavenges free radicals.
  1. Which antidiabetic causes weight loss?
  • Atropine
  • Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist.
  1. Which drug is used for hypertensive crisis associated with pheochromocytoma?
  • Phentolamine
  • Phentolamine is a reversible alpha blocker.
  1. Which drug is used for ulcerative colitis flare-ups?
  • Prednisone
  • Systemic corticosteroids are used in flares.
  1. Which drug can cause pulmonary fibrosis?
  • Bleomycin
  • Bleomycin is associated with lung toxicity.
  1. Which antibiotic can cause Gray baby syndrome?
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Newborns lack the enzyme to metabolize it.
  1. Which drug causes dose-dependent bone marrow suppression?
  • Carbamazepine
  • Monitor CBC during therapy.
  1. Which drug is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia by shrinking the prostate?
  • Finasteride
  • Finasteride reduces prostate size by inhibiting DHT.
  1. Which class of antidepressants has anticholinergic side effects?
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • TCAs block muscarinic receptors.
  1. Which drug can cause red man syndrome if infused too quickly?
  • Vancomycin
  • Infuse slowly to prevent histamine-mediated flushing.
  1. Which medication is used for digoxin toxicity?
  • Digoxin immune Fab
  • It binds free digoxin, inactivating its effects.
  1. Which class of drugs can mask hypoglycemia symptoms?
  • Beta-blockers
  • Beta-blockers blunt adrenergic warning signs of hypoglycemia.
  1. Which diuretic works in the distal convoluted tubule?
  • Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Thiazides inhibit NaCl reabsorption in the distal tubule.
  1. Which antidepressant has significant sexual side effects?
  • Sertraline
  • SSRIs commonly cause decreased libido and anorgasmia.
  1. Which medication can cause SIADH?
  • Carbamazepine