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MSN 611 Final EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 FALL /SPRING COMPLETE
QUESTION AND ANSWER (100% GUARANTEED PASS)
ocation of H4 receptors eosinophils, neutrophils and T cells second-generation antihistamine that cannot be removed by hemodialysis cetirizine (hydrochloride) aka Zyrtec diagnosis of enterobiasis caused by small threadlike pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis, perianal cutaneous irritation, may result in dermatitis and secondary bacterial infections. DIAGNOSIS: perianal swab using adhesive tape, examined for eggs treatment modalities of tuberculosis directly observed therapy, adherence to drug regimen, important for anything less than daily doses, highly susceptible to drug-drug interactions according to universal prescribing alerts for ahminoglycosides, extended use increases risk for infection by which pathogens C.difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis with extended use mode of administration of dactinomycin vesicants, should be administered only by intravenous route to prevent extravasation. If extravasation occurs administration should be stopped, monitor for signs of infection & bleeding. Myelosuppression FDA- approved indication for methotrexate meningeal leukemia, trophoblastic neoplasms. Breast Cancer
Synthetic muscarinic receptor antagonist that possesses M3 receptor selectivity darifenacin & solifenacin Autonomic agents associated simulation of insulin production, increase glycogenolysis in the liver and complicate the management of diabetes mellitus may stimulate insulin production- increase glycogenolysis in the liver and complicate the management--sympathomimetic autonomic agents most commonly used therapy for iron-deficiency anemia ferrous sulfate fatalities have occurred with the test dose of which drug iron dextran antilipemic agent that targets triglycerides Fibrates mechanism of action calcium-channel blocking agents act on calcium channels in large vessels to produce vasodilation and subsequent reduction in blood pressure clevidipine used as an intravenous drug for hypertensive emergencies due to it's rapid onset of action and short half-life hypotensive agent FDA-approved for the treatment of ADHD Guanfacine (extended release) - alpha 2 receptor agonist
Which of the following mydriatic drugs is associated with increased risk for seizures? Cyclopentolate Which of the following is used as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of diarrhea? Diphenoxylate The use of mineral oil as a laxative has been largely replaced by the use of: Osmotic laxatives Chronic use of which drug is associated with increased risk for tardive dyskinesia? Metoclopramide What is the mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones? Increase the number of insulin receptors on cells Which of the following drugs acts as a dopamine agonist? Cabergoline Which of the following is a characteristic of mucosal membrane? produces antibacterial enzymes Choose the correct statement describing topical anti-infective agents Many are associated with hepatic dysfunction Which potential side effect is associated with isotretinoin? Marked elevations of serum triglycerides
which of the following is a potential adverse effect of mirabegron? Arrhythmia mehylxanthines are structurally related to: Caffeine Signs and symptoms of theophylline toxicity Repetitive vomiting For which of the following conditions are H2 antihistamines used? Gastrointestinal disorders Most significant adverse reactions associated with the use of hematopoietic agents? Infusion related reactions, hypotension, bradycardia Sildenafil's mechanism of action is to inhibit PDE-5 and increase intracellular concentration of Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)vasorelaxation and antiproliferative effects Drug-drug interactions between first generation antihistamines and monoamine oxidase and appropriate prescribing protocol of first generation antihistamines to patients who take MAOIs? MAOIs can exacerbate anticholinergic side effects of first generation antihistamines and should not be used during treatment or within 2 weeks of MAOI discontinuation, dry eye, urinary retention, constipation, cognitive disturbances, peptic ulcer disease In the stomach, histamine is released by what Enterochromaffin-like cells When does tumor flare occur and associated symptoms?
Dosage considerations of histamine-2 receptor antagonists relative to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier? Dosage adjustments of these agents in patients with renal insufficiency are recommended to reduce adverse effects as CNS symptoms, H2RA use may be limited due to tolerance that develops to gastric antisecretory effects—take as needed versus daily Which of the following statements accurately describes an activity or function of acetylcholine? It is the primary neurotransmitter within the peripheral nervous Histamine that is not found within mast cells functions as a/an? Neurotransmitter Which of the following is a toxic effect of first-generation antihistamines? Cardiac arrhythmias Choose the correct statement regarding anaphylaxis? Steroids may be added as adjuvant therapy Which of the following is a central nervous system side effects of antihistamines that elderly patients should be aware of? fatigue For which of the following conditions are H2 antihistamines used? Gastrointestinal disorders Initial selection of antimicrobial therapy is typically? EMPIRIC Food-drug or drug-drug interactions with antibacterial medications are usually addressed by Separating administration times
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding multiple drug combination treatment for tuberculosis? It has decreased the risk of resistance Which of the following describes IFN-B? Used to treat multiple sclerosis Which of the following protozoal diseases is associated with as many as 500 milliion new infections and 2 million deaths annually worldwide? Malaria Systemic chemotherapy that is given prior to surgery or radiation serves to increase effectiveness of local treatment How is tumor lysis syndrome managed in leukemia patients? IV hydration Acrolein is a toxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide that can cause? Hemorrhagic cystitis Which category of antineoplastic drugs offers an alterantive when traditional treatments fail? Immunosuppressants Topoisomerase inhibitors target enzymes that control changes in DNA? structure What effects do cholinesterase inhibitors have on sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes? Vagotonic
Hypertension medication preferentially considered for African Americans Thiazide type diuretics Drug of choice for treating hypertension in methylevadopa Beta Blocker that is indicated for hypertensive emergencies labetalol Choose the correct statement describing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors Reduce ventricular hypertrophy, less angioedema Drug for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Adenosine Commercially available probiotics have shown some benefit for preventing infection with which pathogen? clostridium difficile Adverse effects of chronic phenytoin Osteomalacia Drug used in the anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic category which is a melatonin agonist Ramelteon The "triptans" exert their serotonin 1B and serotonin 1D agonist effects in the brainstem
Some first-generation antihistamines have antinausea and antiemetic effects that can be used to prevent what symptoms motion sickness In order to improve a patient's success in smoking cessation, it is important to acknowledge that tobacco use disorder is a ___ disease? chronic Adverse effects of quinidine Cinchonism Nitrates cause nitric oxide to be released from the __? endothelium Because it does not carry the risk of triggering ___ acetaminophen is the drug of choice to treat fevers in children and young adults Reyes syndrome For which two types of patients are second-generation antihistamines the preferred from of treatment and why? Elderly and children Which step in the clotting cascade allows prothrombin to be converted to thrombin? activation of factor X to factor Xa Description of significant clinical consequences of antifungal resistance Can take the form of treatment failure and changes in the prevalence of fungal species causing disease—clinical or microbiological, secondary is acquired Toxic effects of vorinostat and romidespsin and the procedures used to monitor for them?
