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MSN 570 Patho Midterm Exam Review: Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

Grand Canyon University (GCU)Nursing

A comprehensive review of key concepts and definitions related to msn 570 patho midterm exam. It includes questions and correct answers covering various topics such as respiratory system, neurotransmitters, cell biology, and disease processes. Valuable for students preparing for the exam, offering a structured approach to understanding and memorizing important information.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 12/11/2024

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MSN 570 Patho Midterm Exam Review
Questions and Correct Answers
respiratory zone - Correct Ans: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
What does the Respiratory Zone do? - Correct Ans: Allow inhaled oxygen to diffuse into the
lung capillaries in exchange for CO2
Conducting Zone - Correct Ans: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
What does conducting zone do? - Correct Ans: conducts air to respiratory zone, humidifies,
warms, and filters air
Most common cancer mutation? - Correct Ans: Acquired
What does anticholinergic mean? - Correct Ans: blockade of muscarinic receptors - This inhibits
nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements and various bodily functions
What does dopamine do? - Correct Ans: influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion.
Dopamine enables neurons in your brain to communicate and control movement.
What does messenger RNA do? - Correct Ans: Transcribes information from the DNA in the
nucleus and carries it to the cytoplasm, and then to the ribosome. Single-stranded, intermediate
molecule. Carries the instructions for making proteins.
What do ribosomes do? - Correct Ans: Make proteins (protein synthesis)
Neurotransmitters - Correct Ans: chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between
neurons
Neurotransmitters at the parasympathetic postganglionic synapses - Correct Ans: Acetylcholine
and nitric oxide
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Download MSN 570 Patho Midterm Exam Review: Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

MSN 570 Patho Midterm Exam Review

Questions and Correct Answers

respiratory zone - Correct Ans: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli What does the Respiratory Zone do? - Correct Ans: Allow inhaled oxygen to diffuse into the lung capillaries in exchange for CO Conducting Zone - Correct Ans: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles What does conducting zone do? - Correct Ans: conducts air to respiratory zone, humidifies, warms, and filters air Most common cancer mutation? - Correct Ans: Acquired What does anticholinergic mean? - Correct Ans: blockade of muscarinic receptors - This inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements and various bodily functions What does dopamine do? - Correct Ans: influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion. Dopamine enables neurons in your brain to communicate and control movement. What does messenger RNA do? - Correct Ans: Transcribes information from the DNA in the nucleus and carries it to the cytoplasm, and then to the ribosome. Single-stranded, intermediate molecule. Carries the instructions for making proteins. What do ribosomes do? - Correct Ans: Make proteins (protein synthesis) Neurotransmitters - Correct Ans: chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons Neurotransmitters at the parasympathetic postganglionic synapses - Correct Ans: Acetylcholine and nitric oxide

Atropine Neurotransmitters - Correct Ans: Atropine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that is used to inhibit the effects of excessive vagal activation on the heart, which is manifested as sinus bradycardia and AV nodal block. Therefore, atropine can temporarily revert sinus bradycardia to normal sinus rhythm and reverse AV nodal blocks by removing vagal influences. alpha adreneric receptors - Correct Ans: Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers - Correct Ans: -Blocks NE/Epi effects on heart - less Ca++ entry -Decreases force of cardiac contractions What do anticholinergics do? - Correct Ans: Decrease the activity of acetylcholine (neurotransmitter that regulates movement) Atropine - Correct Ans: muscarinic antagonist (anticholinergic) beta-adrenergic receptors - Correct Ans: Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause an increase in the force of contraction of the heart, an increased heart rate, and bronchial dilation. alpha-adrenergic receptors - Correct Ans: Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause constriction of blood vessels. arachnoid meninges - Correct Ans: middle layer - network of fibers and collagen that are part of the suspension system that helps protect the brain and spinal cord from sudden impact arachnoid meninges layer function - Correct Ans: contains spinal fluid - connects dura mater and pia mater. network of fibers and collagen that are part of the suspension system that helps protect the brain and spinal cord from sudden impact Blood Brian Barrier - Correct Ans: The barrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and microscopic entities between the bloodstream and the central nervous system. It still allows for the passage of essential substances such as oxygen.

amino acids - Correct Ans: building blocks of proteins DNA and amino acids - Correct Ans: a type of evidence for evolution; the more DNA and amino acids in common, the more closely related physiologic atrophy - Correct Ans: occurs with early development systemic lupus erythematosus - Correct Ans: chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs multiple sclerosis - Correct Ans: A chronic disease of the central nervous system marked by damage to the myelin sheath. Plaques occur in the brain and spinal cord causing tremor, weakness, incoordination, paresthesia, and disturbances in vision and speech Loss of ATP in cells - Correct Ans: Cell death increased intracranial pressure - Correct Ans: a raised level of pressure within the skull above the normal and healthy level cerebral vasodilation - Correct Ans: Relaxation of cerebral blood vessels that can lead to pooling of blood and inadequate circulation. pyruvic acid - Correct Ans: the three-carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both the aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis Asthma - Correct Ans: A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing. Obstructive Breathing in COPD - Correct Ans: should be Diaphragmatic breathing exercises that assist in strengthening breathing ability because diaphragm tends to be flat in COPD due to hyperinflation of the lungs. Exhalation should be longer than inhalation and should be done through pursed lips.

Though hypercapnia is the respiratory stimulus ultimately leading to chemoreceptor activation, central chemoreceptors use the change in brain tissue pH resulting from the change in PCO2 as their stimulus Nerves capable of regeneration - Correct Ans: PNS nerves can regeneration - CNS nerves cannot Treachers-Collins Syndrome - Correct Ans: An autosomal dominant gene disorder that affects first and second arch structures of the zygomatic and mandible. In severe cases, patients will have a fish-like appearance in the face and may have deafness and mental retardation.