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how many pictures are needed for a photo array lineup? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -no less than 5 -no more than 8 what is RESPECT used for? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ the steps needed to conduct an objective and procedurally just criminal investigation. R (RESPECT) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ R - Respond to the scene and make it safe. E - RESPECT CORRECT ANSWERS✅ E - emergency care for the injured -request EMS when needed -document all information regarding when EMS arrived/who was treated etc.. bodily injury CORRECT ANSWERS✅ substantial impairment of the physical condition types of bodily injury CORRECT ANSWERS✅ any burn fracture of any bone subdural hematoma internal organ damage serious bodily injury CORRECT ANSWERS✅ bodily injury which creates a permanent disfigurement, prolonged or permanent loss of any bodily function, body member, limb or organ; or any injury that causes a substantial risk of death
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overall pictures CORRECT ANSWERS✅ taking a photograph of the overall scene/ person & their unique features mid-range pictures CORRECT ANSWERS✅ photos taken 2-4 ft away while keeping the overall distinguishing features from overall image in view close-up pictures CORRECT ANSWERS✅ taking photos of each injury from less than 2 feet away place a ruler/object near injury to demonstrate size S (RESPECT) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ S - Separate and remove people what is the reason you should remove parties from the crime scene CORRECT ANSWERS✅ separating involved parties prevents influence contamination and preserves unique perspectives from forthcoming views P (RESPECT) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ P - protect the crime scene why should the crime scene always be protected? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ to prevent unnecessary contamination, destruction or tampering of evidence what is Modus Operandi CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -M.O. -a uniqueness of technique a distinctiveness or a particularly distinguishing pattern of conduct common to the current and former incidents
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dangerous weapons crimes CORRECT ANSWERS✅ increased penalties for persons who use dangerous weapons to commit person crimes types of dangerous weapons CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -firearms -other tools capable of causing bodily injury, serious bodily injury or death T (RESPECT) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ T - take action -refer to the actions and conditions you can take in order to lawfully arrest someone inner perimeters CORRECT ANSWERS✅ where the actual crime took place and contains physical evidence how big should the inner perimeter be? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ at least twice the size of the actual crime scene outer perimeter CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a staging area for support and personal equipment what is the outer perimeter used for? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ to store equipment and supplies for a crime scene may have a designated area for credentialed news media representatives what is a field sketch CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a rough sketch/drawing providing overview and contents of crime scene
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when should you begin the field sketch? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ during the initial walk through of the crime scene how is photographing a crime scene beneficial? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ photos provide visual record of the crime scene and help positively identify relevant evidence things you would normally search CORRECT ANSWERS✅ places, persons and vehicles systematic search CORRECT ANSWERS✅ top-down, front-back, left-right and outside-inside lane search CORRECT ANSWERS✅ used to cover large areas quickly for missing people of evidence up and down grid search CORRECT ANSWERS✅ used to cover areas more thoroughly for evidence where it is harder to find crime scene characteristics up-down, left-right zone search CORRECT ANSWERS✅ used to cover crime scenes that can be divided into obvious sections
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what is the scope of a vehicle search determined by? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ circumstance and evidence sought when can you begin lawful inventory of a vehicle? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ when the vehicle is impounded what are the four legitimate purposes for impounding/towing a vehicle after arrest CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Protect the vehicle and its contents from theft or vandalism -To protect the public from dangerous items that might be in the vehicle -To protect public safety where the vehicle, as parked, creates a dangerous condition; or -Where the vehicle is parked on private property without the permission of the property owner as a result of a police stop, to spare the owner of the burden of having it towed what are the circumstances for lawfully impounding a vehicle CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Abandoned vehicles -After drivers arrest when the vehicle is a traffic hazard -Following an OUI alcohol arrest (Melanie's law) -Vehicles seized pending forfeiture -Vehicles that are evidence of a crime -Illegally parked vehicles (where towing is authorized
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examples of physical evidence CORRECT ANSWERS✅ drugs, money, clothing, weapons, documents/digital files, fingerprints/impressions, DNA, trace evidence trace evidence CORRECT ANSWERS✅ evidence that is transferred from one surface to another during physical contact between people, places, objects DNA evidence CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -also known as biological evidence -human hair, tissue, bones, teeth, blood, saliva, semen or other bodily fluids fingerprint evidence CORRECT ANSWERS✅ refers to human skin ridge impressions left behind on specific surfaces how many types of finger print evidence are there? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 3 plastic fingerprint evidence CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Can be seen with the naked eye and left behind when person's finger leaves an indentation in a soft, malleable surface -can be found in soap, gum, wax and blood patent fingerprint evidence CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -Can be seen with the naked eye and left behind when material (blood, oil, dirt etc.) on fingers is transferred on to a surface -can be found on paper, wood, cloth, plastic, metal and glass
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due process CORRECT ANSWERS✅ guarantees people charged with a crime are informed of the charges against them and receive a fair trial rights defendants have following immediately after being charged with a crime CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -right to be informed of specific charges -right to be taken to the hospital prior to booking if needed -right to use the telephone when should people use the phone after being arrested? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ within one hour after arriving at the police station or detention facility arraignment CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -"first appearance" -where the defendant is officially informed by the court of charges and asked to enter a plea rights during arraignment CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -6th amendment right to counsel -right to request a continuance or reschedule a court date -right to ask questions and receive information from court officials about general procedures, forms, appearance dates right to be tried within 12 months of arraignment probable cause hearing (PCH) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ evidentiary hearing before a judge
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pre-trial hearing (PTH) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ where prosecution and defense exchange information discovery CORRECT ANSWERS✅ formal process where all evidence designated for trial is turned over to the defense with ample time to examine before trial things that MUST be turned over to the defense in discovery CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -ALL statements, written/oral made by defendant -all promises, rewards or inducements made to any witnesses -any exculpatory evidence discovery motions CORRECT ANSWERS✅ parties can request documents held by third parties motion hearings CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a defendant will file a motion to suppress if they believe their constitutional rights have been violated rights during trial CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -right to counsel -right to notice of any charges -right to a speedy trial -right to prepare a defense -right to testify and call witnesses -right to appeal
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sentencing CORRECT ANSWERS✅ formal declaration by the judge specifying punishment following a conviction unsolved cases CORRECT ANSWERS✅ means all investigative leads were exhausted and offender remains unknown at large active cases CORRECT ANSWERS✅ potential evidence still exists and needs to be collected, reviewed or checked solved crimes CORRECT ANSWERS✅ means an offender was identified and charged who is typically the first point of contact for victims of crimes? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ police officers financial victimization CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -lost property -money or wages from employment physical victimization CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -personal injuries sustained from a crime -some can be permanent and result in a loss of wages emotional victimization CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -victims experience a wide range of feelings
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common victim responses CORRECT ANSWERS✅ rage, sadness, fear, apathy, regret, guilt, disbelief, confusion, desire for revenge types of victim trauma CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -depression, PTSD, trigger events/flashbacks, secondary traumatic stress victim bill of rights (c. 258B) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ provides victims with specific programs, services and other fundamental rights after a crime was committed MGL c. 258C CORRECT ANSWERS✅ victims of violent crimes in massachusetts have a right compensation how many trial courts are in massachusetts? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 6 what is the boston munincipal court CORRECT ANSWERS✅ -'7th' trial court -focuses on an additional jurisdiction for crimes on the water district court CORRECT ANSWERS✅ hear most of the criminal, motor vehicle and civil cases superior court CORRECT ANSWERS✅ statewide court of general jurisdiction used for the most serious offenses (murder, rape etc.) juvenile court CORRECT ANSWERS✅ has general jurisdiction over: -delinquency
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when do police mainly testify in probate court? CORRECT ANSWERS✅ for divorce and violations of abuse preventions/trespassing orders
