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Mood Disorders in Youth: Major Depressive, Dysthymic, and Bipolar Disorders, Slides of Public Health

An overview of mood disorders, focusing on major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, and bipolar disorder in children and adolescents. Topics include the developmental course, dsm-iv criteria, prevalence, comorbidity, assessment methods, and challenges. Also discussed are the children's depression inventory and reynolds adolescent depression scale, as well as suicide risk factors and resources.

Typology: Slides

2011/2012

Uploaded on 12/17/2012

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Download Mood Disorders in Youth: Major Depressive, Dysthymic, and Bipolar Disorders and more Slides Public Health in PDF only on Docsity!

Mood Disorders

Mood Disorders

  • Any disturbance in mood
  • Extreme, persistent, or poorly regulated emotional states - Major Depressive Disorder - Dysthymic Disorder - Bipolar Disorder

Prior to 1970’s

  • Before 1970's childhood depression was rarely discussed
  • Children and depression?
  • WHY?

Depression in Children

  • One of the most disabling childhood disorders
  • Prevalence is increasing and age of onset is decreasing
  • Experience and expression changes with age
  • Under age 7 tends  diffuse and less easily identified

Developmental Course of MDD

Figure 8.1 Adapted from “Development of Depression from Preadolescence to Young Adulthood: Emerging Gender Differences in a 10-year-Longitudinal Study,” by B. L. Hankin, L. Y. Abramson, T. E. Moffitt, P. A. Silva, R. McGee & K. E. Andell, 1998, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 128-140. Copyright (c) 1998 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission of the author. Docsity.com

DSM-IV Criteria A

  • depressed mood/sadness most of the day, most days
  • diminished interest or pleasure in activities
  • changes in appetite or weight
  • sleep disturbances
  • psychomotor retardation or agitation
  • fatigue or loss of energy
  • feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
  • difficulty thinking or concentrating
  • thoughts of death or suicidal ideation

Criteria E

E. Symptoms are not accounted for by Bereavement; or the bereavement symptoms persist for longer than 2 months or are characterized by marked functional impairment, morbid preoccupation with worthlessness, suicidal ideation, psychotic symptoms, or psychomotor retardation

DSM-IV Criteria A

  • depressed mood/sadness most of the day, most days
  • diminished interest or pleasure in activities
  • changes in appetite or weight
  • sleep disturbances
  • psychomotor retardation or agitation
  • fatigue or loss of energy
  • feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
  • difficulty thinking or concentrating
  • thoughts of death or suicidal ideation

Dysthymic Disorder

Dysthymic Disorder

  • Features:
    • less severe than MDD
    • less anhedonia, social withdrawal, impaired concentration, death thoughts, and physical complaints
    • more constant sadness, self-depreciation, low self-esteem, anxiety, irritability, anger, and temper tantrums
    • “Double depression”

Prevalence & Comorbidity

  • 1% of children and 5% of adolescents
  • Most common comorbid disorder is MDD

Assessment

Interview

  • Interviews
    • Parents, child interviewed separately
  • With child, cover
    • General and specific self-reports
    • Discussion of mood and daily activities
    • Suicidal ideation, behavior

Challenges in Assessment

  • Younger children cannot describe their emotional experiences
  • Caregivers limited reports of younger children’s internal states
  • May reflect problems of parent rather than child
  • Lack of agreement between children, parents, and teachers on symptoms