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Definitions and explanations of various psychological terms and techniques, including exposure therapy, operant conditioning, reinforcers, and behavior change. It covers concepts such as flooding, graded exposure, positive and negative reinforcers, punishment, observational learning, and latent learning.
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Facing your fears TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 Exposure technique - being exposed to the condition stimulus, - the strongest does of stimulus you can come up with 100 on anxiety. - Staying there until extinction takes it natural course, which will happen Similar to Systematic Desensitization, but without the relaxation, and you start at the TOP of the hierarchy TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 differences from Systematic Desensitization - based on extinction - does NOT involve relaxation - used for more generalized fears ex: fear of darkness Similarities: - use of hierarchy - systematic exposure to feared stimulus TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Skinner - higher order learning - works on consciously controlled behavior - overt behavior (easily observed by others) - somatic nervous system - rewards vs. punishment - uses reinforcers TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 A: Antecedents (Discriminative Stimulus) B: Behaviors (Overt Behavior) C: Consequences (Reinforcement or Punishment )
increases the chance that a behavior will occur again TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 Pleasurable Consequence! - giving M&M's for good behavior TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 Termination of an Unpleasurable Event ex: hitting your child, fleeing from a feared stimuli to terminate anxiety, taking asprin to get rid of a headache - avoidance TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 form of negative reinforcer - avoids unpleasant states - prevents extinction of CER (Conditioned Emotional Response) TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 Behavior without Consequence When a behavior is inconsequential, producing neither favorable nor unfavorable consequences, it will occur with less frequency. When a previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced with either positive or negative reinforcement, it leads to a decline in the response.
AWARENESS: (first step of behavior change) - achieved through SELF ASSESSMENT TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 Step One: SELF ASSESSMENT: - identify and describe your stressors (who, what, where, when, why) - Identify the ABC's of each stressor and which can be modified Step Two: CREATE A GOAL - moderate intensity and difficulty - specific TERM 18
DEFINITION 18
DEFINITION 19
DEFINITION 20 Small changes to increase the chance of success
the gradual approach to a goal through successive approximations TERM 22
DEFINITION 22