mobile augmented reality, Assignments of Computer Programming

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Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems (^) 1

Mobile Augmented

Reality

Hai To

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Agenda

What is mAR?

➔A brief history of AR

➔Definition & Taxonomy

Where to find mAR?

➔Former approaches

➔Current use cases

➔Future Scenarios

How to make mAR?

➔Software & Hardware

➔Android for the win

➔Technology is the key

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Background

●AR derived from Virtual Reality

➔term was coined by engineers at Boeing

(1990, Thomas Caudell & David Mizell)

➔VR already used in aircraft

manufacturing

(Boeing 777 completely designed through 3D CAD)

➔AR developed to aid assembling wiring

harness

➔prototype has been realised with support

of DARPA & Honeywell Military Avionics

Division

➔AR-system proved to be 25% to 50%

faster than conventional methods

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Definition

“to augment” = to increase, make larger or

supplement

“reality” = (subjective perception of)

the real world

↳ “AR” = extended perception of one's

surrounding through

ancillary

information

●Augmented Reality is a computing

system:

➔combining reality with virtual objects

➔interacting in real-time

➔registered in 3D

(Ronald T. Azuma)

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Where to find mAR?

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Former Approaches

●MARS – at Columbia University:

➔mobile computing system combining

HMD, handheld and wireless

communication technology

➔developed to help navigate and receive

information about points of interest

➔motivation: create an advanced, context-

aware, mobile experience; define

reusable interface components

➔challenges: ergonomics (miniaturisation,

power supply, thermal dissipation);

robustness & outdoor usability;

commercialisation

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

• (^) The Astonishing Tribe in Malmö, Sweden
• (^) Android based
• (^) uses the Flickr facial recognition technology provided by Polar Rose

Smartphone Apps

TAT Augmented ID

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Future Scenarios

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

U-Cities

* total inter-

connectedness

* largest

integrated

technology

testbeds

* 297 Mio

RFID research

centers

* personal

smartcard for

purchases &

access

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Mobile Platforms

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

●Software

libraries:

➔ARToolKit (C/C+

➔Studierstube ES

(C/C++)

●OS-market-

share:

➔D’Fusion (TI)

➔AndAR, mixare

➔DRAFT (TUM)

➔ARML (Mobilizy)

Worldwide: Smartphone Sales to End Users by Operating System, 2008 (Gartner)

52%

17%

12%

8%

1%2% 8% Symbian RIM Windows M Mac OS X Linux Palm OS Other

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Android

●“Softwarestack”

➔Mobile OS +

Middleware +

Key Applications

➔creation +

emulation +

debugging tools

➔APIs, APIs, APIs

➔free

documentation

➔online market

place

➔open source

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

●mAR relevant:

➔Sensor Manager

➔Location

Manager

➔Surface

Manager

➔OpenGL + SGL

API

➔Camera +

Geomagnetic

Field API

Linux Kernel

Libraries RT

Applications Framework

Applications

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Technologies

●Key

technologies:

➔GPS localization

(indoor,

precision)

➔Head tracking

(realtime,

fluent)

➔Display

(glare, contrast)

➔Computer

(processing,

miniaturization)

➔Network

(QoS, speed)

●Add-ons:

➔haptic Displays

➔RFID Readers

➔3D Display

➔acoustic/

aromatic

augmentations

➔Projector

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Conclusion

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Challenges

●social issues:

➔technological discrepancy →

informational discrimination

➔privacy, autonomy, liability

●systematic issues:

➔lot of challenging systems → difficult to

unify information access

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Technische Universität Berlin Open Communication Systems

Introduction What is mAR?

Where to find mAR?

How to make mAR? Conclusion

Q&A

Mobile Augmented Reality

Virtual Reality, Azuma & Milgram

RV-Continuum,

MARS, Wikitude, Arhhr, TAT AID, U-Cities

wearble vs mobile

ARToolKit, ARML, Studiestube

Symbian, Apple, Android

key technologies, add-ons

barriers, promises

challenges