Download Biology Terminology: Definitions of Key Concepts in Biology and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
All organisms have these
characteristics
adaptations metabolism response TERM 2
superstition
DEFINITION 2 Superstition is a credulous belief or notion, not based on reason or knowledge. TERM 3
scientific method
DEFINITION 3
- make observations/collect data 2. form hypothesis 3.make testable predictions 4. test hypothesis 5. draw conclusion/evaluate hypothesis 6. publish data TERM 4
after a hypothesis is tested...
DEFINITION 4 you accept, publish, modify, or reject the hypthesis TERM 5
scientific hypothesis vs. scientific theory
DEFINITION 5 a hypothesis is tentative and a theory is well supported by evidence
independent variable
It is a variable that stands alone and isn't changed by the other variables you are trying to measure controlled by experimenter TERM 7
dependent variable
DEFINITION 7 it is something that depends on other factors TERM 8
blind experiment
DEFINITION 8 A blind or blinded experiment is a scientific experiment where some of the persons involved are prevented from knowing certain information that might lead to conscious or unconscious bias on their part, invalidating the results. TERM 9
covalent bond
DEFINITION 9 A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, and other covalent bonds. TERM 10
hydrophilic
DEFINITION 10 A hydrophile, from the Greek (hydros) "water" and (philia) "love," is a molecule or other molecular entity that is attracted to, and tends to be dissolved by, water.
hydrogen bonds
A hydrogen bond is the attractive interaction of a hydrogen atom with an electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine, that comes from another molecule or chemical group. TERM 17
cohesion (H2O)
DEFINITION 17 water clings to itself: surface tension TERM 18
Large Heat Capacity/thermal stability/
thermal lag (H2O)
DEFINITION 18 has to absorb much energy to warm up hydrogen bonds which have to be broken. helps organisms maintain stable body temp. stabilizes earth's temp. prevents extremes in temp. TERM 19
low density in solid form (H2O)
DEFINITION 19 hydrogen bonds hold molecules apart TERM 20
solvent (H2O)
DEFINITION 20 will dissolve any substance w/ polar covalent or ionic bonds (hydrophobic).
acids release ______ when dissociated
hydrogen ions TERM 22
bases release______ when dissociated
DEFINITION 22 OH-: hydroxy ions TERM 23
biology
DEFINITION 23 the study of life TERM 24
control group
DEFINITION 24 When an experiment is conducted for the purpose of determining the effect of a single variable of interest on a particular system, a scientific control is used to minimize the unintended influence of other variables on the same system. TERM 25
electron energy level
DEFINITION 25 1st level: 2 2nd level: 8 3rd level: 8
glycerol
Glycerol (or glycerin, glycerine) is a simple polyol compound. head region of fats TERM 32
fatty acids
DEFINITION 32 In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long unbranched aliphatic tail (chain), which is either saturated or unsaturated. TERM 33
saturated fat
DEFINITION 33 Saturated fat is fat that consists of triglycerides containing only saturated fatty acid radicals. bad fat, not essential to health TERM 34
unsaturated fats
DEFINITION 34 An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain. high in calories, but reduce can lower cholesterol TERM 35
trans fat
DEFINITION 35 Trans fat is the common name for unsaturated fat with trans- isomer fatty acid(s). causes body to produce more cholesterol, raising the risk of heart disease
cholesterol
Cholesterol is a waxy steroid metabolite found in the cell membranes and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. TERM 37
phospholipids
DEFINITION 37 Phospholipids are a class of lipids and are a major component of all cell membranes as they can form lipid bilayers. TERM 38
protein
DEFINITION 38 chief building blocks of life uses: skin, feathers, horns, bones, muscles, fight invading microorganisms, stop you from bleeding to death (clots blood), control levels of sugar TERM 39
enzymes
DEFINITION 39 Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e., increase or decrease the rates of) chemical reactions. TERM 40
amino acids
DEFINITION 40 Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side chain that varies between different amino acids.
active site
In molecular biology the active site is part of an enzyme where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction. TERM 47
denaturation
DEFINITION 47 disruption of protein folding extremes in environment will denature proteins TERM 48
substrate
DEFINITION 48 In biochemistry, a substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. TERM 49
nucleic acids
DEFINITION 49 store information and made up of nucleotides TERM 50
nucleotides
DEFINITION 50 Nucleotides are molecules that, when joined together, make up the structural units of RNA and DNA.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid () (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms with the exception of some viruses. TERM 52
RNA
DEFINITION 52 Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. TERM 53
DNA
bases
DEFINITION 53 Nucleobases (or nucleotide bases/nitrogenous bases) are the parts of DNA and RNA that may be involved in pairing (see also base pairs). Adanine-Thymin cytosine-guanine
