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A comprehensive microbiology final exam covering various topics such as microbial classification, cell structures, genetics, and disease mechanisms. It includes multiple-choice questions, true/false statements, and fill-in-the-blank questions designed to assess understanding of key concepts in microbiology. The exam covers topics such as bacterial shapes, flagella arrangements, cell wall composition, and the roles of different microorganisms in disease. It also touches on eukaryotic cell structures, fungal infections, and viral replication, providing a broad overview of microbiology for students preparing for their final assessment. This exam is useful for students to test their knowledge and understanding of microbiology.
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Name the seven different categories of microorganisms Bacteria Archaea Prions Viruses Helminths protozoa fungi all microorganisms are best defined as organisms that Are too small to be seen with the unaided eye 3 multiple choice options which activity is an example of biotechnology Escherichia coli producing human insulin 3 multiple choice options
Are bacteria and archaea prokaryotes or eukaryotes? What does this term mean prokaryotes which means they have no nucleus. Before nucleus The first cells appeared about ______ billion years ago. 3.5 billion years ago the earth's oxygen comes from photosynthesis. which type of organisms produces 50% to 70% of the earth's oxygen? Bacteria which two microorganisms are acellular viruses and prions List the levels of taxonomic classification from the broadest to the most specific Domain kingdom phylum class order family
peptide 3 multiple choice options Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA? contains thymine 3 multiple choice options The purine ___ always binds with the pyrimidine ___ in DNA Guanine, Cytosine 3 multiple choice options which set of characteristics BEST describes phospholipids Polar head and hydrophobic tail 3 multiple choice options Louis Pasteur is responsible all the above 3 multiple choice options Lister was known for? Using disinfectants in the surgery room
3 multiple choice options Koch was known for Developed a method of determining the causative microorganism in the death of an organism 3 multiple choice options Hooke was known for what developed the first microscope 3 multiple choice options which is NOT a part of the scientific method fudging with the results when the experiment does not go as planned 3 multiple choice options CFU stands for what? colony forming units No questions for this just a picture of infectious and non infectious and contagious and non contagious
Pilus (Movement, Conjugation, Adhere to surfaces) choices conjugation movement adhere to surfaces in question 24 which cellular arrangements might possibly have nanowires Sarcina, Diplococcus, diplobacillus answer the following with Gram negative or positive has two cell membranes has a thick cell wall has lipopolysaccharides in the outer membrane some genera can produce endospores negative positive negative
positive positive which genus of bacteria have no cell wall Mycoplasma 3 multiple choice options what can a cell perform if flagella are present All of the above 3 multiple choice options which would NOT be an advantage of forming an endospore faster reproduction 3 multiple choice options bacteria have cell walls made of peptidoglycan, archaea cells walls are not made from peptidoglycan. T/F True Match the best definition to the following terms used to describe archaea. Methanogen-
Bonus What is the purpose of conjugation It provides genetic variation for bacteria and can transfer plasmids from one bacterium to another 3 multiple choice options Prokaryotic ribosomes have a _____ and a ____ subunit which total weight is ____. Eukaryotic ribosomes have a ______ and a ______ subunit which total weight is _____. 60s and 40s for a total of 80s 50s and 30s for a total of 70s what role do mitochondria play in eukaryotic cells has ATP or the energy of the cell Name at least 3 similarities between mitochondria and gram-negative bacteria Double membrane, Circular DNA, and Protein synthesis what is the theory that offers why mitochondria and gram-negative bacteria are similar?
Endosymbiosis theory Protists include algae and protozoa 3 multiple choice options which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria all the choices 3 multiple choice options which organelle shares similarities with cyanobacteria chloroplast 3 multiple choice options the size of a eukaryotic cells complete ribosome is 80s 3 multiple choice options most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals these fungi are called saprobes 3 multiple choice options
3 multiple choice options How did tom contract this disease Bit by an Adopheles gambiae 3 multiple choice options The protist that is responsible for malaria requires two vectors to complete its life cycle. what are they? Female mosquito, and a human Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is studded with Ribosomes. T/F True which of the following is NOT a way in which fungi can cause problems for humans? Entry into host cell by connection of spikes to host receptor 3 multiple choice options Mrs. Hall, the school nurse, noticed a second grader scratching and pulling at the back of her pants. She complained that her bottom itched, mostly in the early morning hours. Since another child in the student's class had recently been
diagnosed with Enterobius vermicularis or pinworm infection, Mrs. Hall contacted the girl's mother. She immediately agreed to follow up with her pediatrician. Helminth belong to which domain of life Eukarya 3 multiple choice options helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus capsid 3 multiple choice options The majority of the core of every virus particle always contains either DNA or RNA 3 multiple choice options Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme in a retrovirus that synthesizes DNA from RNA 2 multiple choice options Host range is limited by type of host cell receptors on cell membrane
1.5 billion Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called Bacteriophages 3 multiple choice options Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a spongiform encephalopathy of humans 3 multiple choice options Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by prions. describe what a prion is Prions are harmful causing encephalopathy and harm CNS. Misfolded proteins Mrs. Hammond is a 79-year-old woman who has been a resident on your floor for the past 5 years. She has been complaining of pain, burning, and tingling on her left side. Today, you observe fluid-filled blisters wrapping around the left side of her torso in a single line. The physician diagnoses her with shingles and places her on contact precautions.
zoster virus can remain in a chronic latent state in a host by ... A. integrating into a bacteriophage. B. turning on oncogenes. C. attacking T cells. D. hiding from the immune system within nerve cells. D which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell? Copper 3 multiple choice options the term photoautotroph refers to an organism that gets energy from sunlight 2 multiple choice options Passage of water through a semipermeable membrane is called Osmosis 3 multiple choice options
Cultures of a bacterial species were incubated out on the incubator shelf, in an anaerobic jar and in a candle jar. After incubation there was moderate growth of cultures in the candle and anaerobic jars, but heavy growth of the culture on the incubator shelf. This species is a/an facultative anaerobe 3 multiple choice options A microorganism that does not have catalase or superoxide dismutase would find it difficult to live in an environment with oxygen The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called the Generation Time 3 multiple choice options A urinalysis specimen was left on the counter at room temperature for 6 hours before being sent to the lab. Proteus vulgaris is a common cause of urinary tract infections. under optimal conditions, it undergoes binary fission every 120
minutes. How many generations would there have been by the time the specimen was sent to the lab? 2 Generations The period of growth between inoculation and when the cells finally adjust to their new environment and begin growth at their maximum rate is called the Lag Phase 3 multiple choice options Which of the following is a characteristic of the death phase of bacterial growth The cells are not metabolically active 3 multiple choice options The most rapid increase in bacterial growth occurs during which of the following stages? Exponential Growth Phase 3 multiple choice options Antimicrobial agents are often most effective when given during which period of the bacterial growth
