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METODOLOGI PENELITIAN

Modul- Ir. Muhammad Ihsan Jambak, M.Sc.

Research Design

What is research design?

• (^) A choice of research design reflects decisions about the priority being given to a range of dimensions of the research process.
• (^) Involves research method: for collecting data. It can involve a specific instrument such as a self- completion questionnaire or a structured interview etc.
• (^) Constitutes decisions like what? Where? When? How?

ILMU ALAT PENGABDIAN 5

What is research design?

Helps the researcher focus on the research question(s) and plan an orderly approach to the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data that address the question. Research design has a few key purposes:

• (^) To provide answers to research questions
• (^) To provide a road map for conducting a study using a planned and deliberate approach
• (^) Controls or explains quantitative variation or organizes qualitative

ILMU ALAT PENGABDIAN 7

Things to consider

• (^) What is the purpose of the research?
• (^) What are your units of analysis? What or whom to study. It can be: individuals, groups, organizations, social artifacts (i.e. products of social beings, for example, books, poems, paintings, automobiles, buildings, songs, pottery, jokes and scientific discoveries), behaviours (e.g. social interactions, such as friendship choices, court cases, traffic accidents).
• (^) What are your points of focus?
• (^) What is the time dimension?  Cross-sectional (one point in time)?  Longitudinal (extended period)?

Steps in research design

• (^) Choose a topic or the purpose of your research.  (^) Focus research question.  (^) Choose a research method.  (^) Decide how to measure the results.  (^) Decide whom or what to study.
• (^) Collect the data.
• (^) Analyse the data.  (^) Interpret the data.  (^) Present the results or reports your finding.

Sample of research design

Methodology, Method

and Technique

Methodology

• (^) Employ the correct procedures to find out solutions.
• (^) Research methodology has to be chosen very carefully after deciding on a topic and formulating a set of viable and valid research questions. Some types of research questions and research objectives require qualitative data while others require quantitative data.
• (^) What is your research methodology?

Methods and Methodology

Method Methodology Constitute a part of the research methodology, find solutions to research problems. Aims at the employment of the correct procedures to find out solutions. Behaviour and instruments used in selecting and constructing technique to gather data; experiment, survey. A way to systematically solve the research problem by logically adopting various steps. All methods and techniques that are used for conduction of research. Research methodology explains the methods by which you may proceed with your research.

Quantitative versus

Qualitative

Quantitative Research

Quantitati ve

• (^) Constructs statistical models and figures – number-based (i.e. percentage).
• (^) Questionnaires, surveys.
• (^) Able to effectively translate data into easily quantifiable charts and graphs.
• (^) NO place for researcher's own values, biases, and subjective preferences.
• (^) Measurement is reliable, valid, and generalisable, clear prediction of cause and effect.