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Geology Terms: Metamorphism, Units, Formations, Contacts, Synclines, Anticlines, Domes, Ba, Quizzes of Geology

Definitions and characteristics of various geology terms including metamorphism, contact metamorphism, regional metamorphism, geologic units, formations, contacts, synclines, anticlines, domes, and basins. It covers concepts such as grain size, texture, geologic boundaries, and map patterns.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 02/29/2012

youngmusician86
youngmusician86 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Metamorphism
DEFINITION 1
Metamorphism: Change in form of a proto-lith due to
increase in pressure and temperatureAs metamorphism
increases, so does grain sizeComplete metamorphism takes
a million years!Common rocks: slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
TERM 2
Contact metamorphism
DEFINITION 2
Contact metamorphism: High temperatures, low
pressureWhere?Forms along subduction plate
boundariesTexture- Recrystallization of minerals to
interlocking, monominerallic textureQuartz sandstone +
contact metamorphism = quartziteLimestone with calcite +
contact metamorphism = marble
TERM 3
Regional metamorphism
DEFINITION 3
Regional metamorphism : Highest temperatures, high
pressureWhere?Forms along subduction boundaries with
greatest temp. & pressure TextureFoliatedShale + regional
metamorphism =Slate,Phyllite,Schist,Gneiss
TERM 4
Geologic units
DEFINITION 4
Rocks or sediments that ahve been mapped at a 1:24000
scale (7.5 minte topographic quadrangle) because of similar
traits:
Geologic age
Metamorphic age
Fossil content
Rock type
TERM 5
Geologic Formation vs. Unit
DEFINITION 5
Unit: Non-sedimentary geologic units (have the rock in
name)Formation : Sedimentary geologic feature
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TERM 1

Metamorphism

DEFINITION 1 Metamorphism : Change in form of a proto-lith due to increase in pressure and temperatureAs metamorphism increases, so does grain sizeComplete metamorphism takes a million years!Common rocks: slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss TERM 2

Contact metamorphism

DEFINITION 2 Contact metamorphism : High temperatures, low pressure Where? Forms along subduction plate boundaries Texture - Recrystallization of minerals to interlocking, monominerallic textureQuartz sandstone + contact metamorphism = quartziteLimestone with calcite + contact metamorphism = marble TERM 3

Regional metamorphism

DEFINITION 3 Regional metamorphism: Highest temperatures, high pressure Where? Forms along subduction boundaries with greatest temp. & pressure Texture FoliatedShale + regional metamorphism =Slate,Phyllite,Schist,Gneiss TERM 4

Geologic units

DEFINITION 4 Rocks or sediments that ahve been mapped at a 1: scale (7.5 minte topographic quadrangle) because of similar traits: Geologic age Metamorphic age Fossil content Rock type TERM 5

Geologic Formation vs. Unit

DEFINITION 5 Unit : Non-sedimentary geologic units (have the rock in name) Formation : Sedimentary geologic feature

TERM 6

Contours vs. Contacts

DEFINITION 6 Geologic contacts : Boundaries between geologic units or formations (thin black line) Topographic contours : Connects points of the same elevation (gray or brown lines) TERM 7

Rules for contours and contact lines

DEFINITION 7 Basic Rules If contacts are parallel to contours, the geologic units are oriented horizontally or lie flat If contacts cross through contours, the geologic units are tilted or deformed TERM 8

Synclines

DEFINITION 8 Synclines Synclines are downward folds Map pattern is linear The youngest rocks are in the middle near the axis Strikes are parallel Dip points toward the axis Not all synclines make valleys! TERM 9

Anticlines

DEFINITION 9 Anticlines Anticlines are upward folds Map pattern is linear The youngest rocks are on the outside Not all anticlines make a hill TERM 10

Domes &

Basins

DEFINITION 10 Dome is up warp of rock layers Basin is down warp of rock layers Map patterns are circulars