Download Mental Health Review: Personality Disorders and Schizophrenia and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NSG221/ NSG 221 Exam 4: (New 2024/ 2025
Update) Mental Health Review| Questions
and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| A
Grade– Herzing
QUESTION
genetic temperament traits Answer:
- harm avoidance (fear of uncertainty, shyness)
- novelty seeking (quick-tempered, impulsive)
- reward dependence (sensitive, sociable)
- persistence (hardworking, ambitious)
QUESTION
psychodynamic character traits Answer:
- self-directedness (responsible, goal-orient- ed)
- cooperativeness (integral part of society, empathetic)
- self-transcendence (integral part of the universe, humble)
QUESTION
Psychopharmacology based on personality disorder symptoms Answer:
- cogni- tive-perceptual: antipsychotics
- cognitive-anxiety: SSRIs, MAOIs
- emotional instability: Lithium, Tegretol, Depakote, Haldol
- emotional detachment: SSRIs, atypical antipsychotics (Risperdal, Seroquel)
- atypical depression: SSRIs, MAOIs, antipsychotics
- aggression: Lithium, benzodiazepines, mood stabilizers
QUESTION
Psychotherapy for personality disorders Answer:
- cognitive-behavior therapy
- dialectical behavior therapy (Borderline)
QUESTION
childhood protective factors that decrease the likelihood of developing antisocial behavior as an adult Answer:
- school commitment, importance of school
- positive peer relationships
- parent/peer disapproval of antisocial behavior
- functional family relationship
- effective parenting skills
QUESTION
schizophrenia Answer:
- disease process with bizarre thoughts, perceptions, emotions, movements, behavior
- worse outcomes with gradual onset and at a younger age
QUESTION
schizophreniform disorder Answer: reactive non-bizarre psychosis less than 6 months
QUESTION
Answer:
- think of - sign (something is missing)
- alogia
- anhedonia
- apathy
- asociality
- blunted affect
- catatonia
- flat affect
- avolition
- inattention
QUESTION
phases of schizophrenia Answer:
- prodromal (subtle symptoms)
- phase 1: acute (exacerbation, loss of function, hospitalization)
- phase 2: stabilization (symptoms start to diminish)
- phase 3: maintenance (new baseline established, symptoms are absent or dimin- ished)
QUESTION
pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia Answer:
- 1st generation antipsychotics (Thorazine, Haldol, Loxitane): target positive symptoms, more medication side ef- fects, obtain EKG
- 2nd generation antipsychotics (Clozaril, Risperdal, Zyprexa, Seroquel): target positive and negative symptoms, obtain WBC (neutrophil level) and glucose
QUESTION
6 long-acting injectable antipsychotics Answer:
- fluphenazine (Prolixin)
- haloperidol (Haldol)
- risperidone (Risperdal)
- paliperidone (Invega)
- olanzapine (Zyprexa)
- aripiprazole (Abilify)
QUESTION
long-acting injectable antipsychotic information Answer:
- effects last 2 - 4 weeks
- used for patients who are unwilling or unable to take oral meds
- not effective for acute episodes of psychosis
- expensive
- more effective for controlling negative symptoms
QUESTION
antipsychotic neurologic side effects Answer:
- primary reason for medication non-compliance
- dystonic reaction: neck spasms, pharyngeal spasms (give IM Benadryl)
- pseudoparkinsonism: shuffling gait, rigidity, akinesia
- tardive dyskinesia: abnormal/involuntary movements, lip smacking
- akathisia: restless movement (give beta blocker, benzodiazepine)
- seizure
- neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): high fever, muscle rigidityÿ LIFE THREAT- ENING - stop treatment
QUESTION
antipsychotic non-neurologic side effects Answer:
- weight gain
- sedation
- dry mouth
- low self-esteem
- social discomfort
- hypersensitive to negative evaluation
- timid temperament in childhood
- linked with parental and peer rejection
QUESTION
nursing interventions for avoidant personality disorder Answer:
- support and reas- sure
- cognitive restructuring
- promote self-esteem
QUESTION
dependent personality disorder Answer:
- submissive, clinging
- excessive need to be cared for
- fear separation
- may be result of chronic physical illness or showing independence during childhood
QUESTION
nursing interventions for dependent personality disorder Answer:
- foster self-re- liance and autonomy
- teach problem-solving
- cognitive restructuring
QUESTION
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder Answer:
- pre-occupation with perfec- tionism and orderliness
- low self-esteem
- rigid standards of self and others
- genuine affection for family and friends, but unable to see how behavior affects others
- highest medical cost diagnosis
QUESTION
nursing interventions for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder Answer:
QUESTION
etiology for personality disorders Answer:
- genetic
- neurobiological
- psychological (modeling by parent)
- cognitive (beliefs, assumptions)
- environmental (childhood neglect, trauma)
- diathesis-stress
QUESTION
cultural considerations for personality disorders Answer:
- defensive behavior be- cause of language barrier
- religious beliefs
- varying views of avoidant behavior
- cultural value of work and productivity
- gender roles
incoherent mixture of words, phrases, and sentences
QUESTION
nursing interventions for delusions Answer:
- do not openly confront the delusion or argue with the client
- establish and maintain reality for the client
- use distracting techniques
- teach the client positive self-talk, positive thinking, and to ignore delusional beliefs
QUESTION
nursing interventions for hallucinations Answer:
- orient client to reality by frequent contact
- get detailed info on the hallucinations
- engage client in reality-based activities like puzzles, drawing, cards
QUESTION
nursing interventions for inappropriate behavior Answer:
- redirect client
- give factual statements
- do not scold
QUESTION
Personality Answer: a person's perceptions, attitudes, emotions (usually no conscious awareness)
QUESTION
personality disorders Answer: impairment of personality functioning, maladaptive per- sonality traits
QUESTION
Maladaptive/dysfunctional personality traits Answer:
- negative behaviors toward oth- ers
- anger/hostility
- irritable mood
- lack of guilt or remorse
- lack of empathy
- impulsivity
- irresponsibility
- risk taking
- mistrust
- entitlement
QUESTION
Cluster A personality disorders (odd/eccentric) Answer:
- Paranoid: mistrust, suspi- ciousness of others
- Schizoid: detachment from social relationships, little emotion
- Schizotypal: social & interpersonal deficits, discomfort with close relationships
QUESTION
paranoid personality disorder Answer:
- pattern of distrust and suspiciousness of others
- anticipate hostility
- may provoke others with a "counterattack"
- misinterpret other's motivations as being "out to get them"
- blame others for their isolation
QUESTION
nursing interventions for schizotypal personality disorder Answer:
- develop self-care skills
- improve community functioning
- social skills training
QUESTION
Cluster B personality disorders (dramatic/wild) Answer:
- Antisocial: disregard for and violation of the rights of others and laws
- Borderline: unstable interpersonal relationships, mood, and self-image (3 times more common in women)
- Histrionic: excessive emotion, constant attention seeking
- Narcissistic: grandiose sense of self-importance or uniqueness, lack of empathy, fragile self- esteem
QUESTION
antisocial personality disorder Answer:
- disregard for rights of others and laws
- manipulative, deceitful
- may seem normal
- do not have depression or anxiety
- aggressive
- low frustration tolerance
- may "push" your buttons
- result of abusive parenting
QUESTION
nursing interventions for antisocial personality disorder Answer:
- limit setting
- confrontation
- teach client problem solving and anger management
QUESTION
borderline personality disorder Answer:
- extreme instability in mood control
- impulsive
- may make suicidal statements to gain more attention
- difficult to deal with because they will "push" your buttons
- lack of concern for safety
- non-suicidal self-injury
- poor parental relationship early on
QUESTION
nursing interventions for borderline personality disorder Answer:
- promote safety
- help client cope with emotions
- cognitive restructuring
- teach social skills
QUESTION
histrionic personality disorder Answer:
- attention-seeking behavior
- self-centered
