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The results of this study indicate that Arthur Fleck has 3 mental disorders experienced by Arthur, namely delusional disorders, mood disorders and adjustment ...
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Submitted to the board examination in partial fulfilment of the requirement for Bachelor Degree at English Literature Department
by BEFI LUPITA SARI NIM: 403170856
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“And do not (feel) weak, and do not (also) heart, because you are the highest (feel), if you are believers.”
“ Dan janganlah kamu (merasa) lemah, dan jangan (pula) bersedih hati, sebab kamu paling tinggi (derajatnya), jika kamu orang beriman.” (Q.S Taha Ayat 44)
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Firstly, the writer would like to say Alhamdullilahirabil‟alamin , all the praise to Allah SWT the lord of all creatures, for his blessing from the starting point of my study until now the end of my study. After that, Shalawat and salam be upon to our prophet Muhammad SAW, hopefully we will get his syafa’at later at the last day. Secondly, writer would like to express my deepest gratitude to people who helped the researcher in accomplishing this thesis. The would like to thank my supervisors H. Mislan, M.Pd and Firdiansyah, MA who have helped, adjusted, supported and suggested me in writing this thesis. The writer also would like to say thanks for all classmates English Literature 201 7 who have given additional suggestion and support to finish this thesis.
To accomplish this thesis, the researcher had been given one great deal to many people. So, the researcher would like to say thanks for their contribution, they are:
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Bepi Lupita Sari, 2021 : Mental Disorder Issues Experienced by Arthur as seen in Joker Film By Todd Phillips
Supervisor I : M. Mislan, M.Pd Supervisor II : Firdiansyah, MA
This study aims to observe what mental disorders are and what causes experienced by Joker as the main character in the film entitled Joker. The purpose of writing this study is to analyze and find mental disorders and what causes these mental disorders from Arthur Fleck. This thesis research uses Sigmund Freud's psychological approach. The method to analyze the problem in this thesis is a qualitative descriptive method. The data of this research are men in the Joker movie and other sources related to the formulation of the problem. Data were analyzed from attitudes, behaviors and events experienced by Arthur Fleck. The theory of types of mental disorders by American Psychiatric and the theory of causes of mental disorders by Scot C. Litin. The results of this study indicate that Arthur Fleck has 3 mental disorders experienced by Arthur, namely delusional disorders, mood disorders and adjustment disorders. The causes of mental disorders experienced by Arthur are psychological factors and environmental factors.
Keywords: Mental Disorder, Joker, psychological.
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Bepi Lupita Sari, 2021 : Mental Disorder Issues Experienced by Arthur as seen in Joker Film By Todd Phillips
Supervisor I : M. Mislan, M.Pd Supervisor II : Firdiansyah, MA Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati apa saja ganguan jiwa dan apa saja penyebab yang di alami oleh Joker sebagai karakter utama dalam film yang berjudul Joker. Tujuan dari penulisan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan menemukan ganguan jiwa dan apa penyebab dari ganguan jiwa. Penelitian skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan psikologi Sigmund Freud. Metode untuk menganalisis masalah dalam skripsi ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data dari peneitian ini adalah laki-laki dalam film Joker dan sumber- sumber lain yang terkait dengan perumusan masalah. Data dianalisis dari sikap, perilaku dan peristiwa yang dialami Arthur Fleck. Teori jenis ganguan Jiwa oleh American Psychiatric dan terori penyebab ganguan jiwa oleh Scot C. Litin Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Arthur Fleck memiliki 3 ganguan jiwa yang di alami Arthur, yaitu ganguan delusi, ganguan suasana hati dan ganguan penyesuaian. Penyebab ganguan mental yang di alami oleh Arthur adalah faktor psikologi dan faktor lingkungan.
Kata kunci: Gangguan Jiwa, Joker, Psikologis.
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D. Technique of Data Analysis ................................................................. 21
CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND ANALYSIS
CHAPTER V: CONSLUSION A. Conclusion ........................................................................................... 52 B. Suggestion ............................................................................................ 53
REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 59 APPENDIXES ................................................................................................. 61
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A. Background of the Research Literature is a work of art that describes human social life in society in a way that can be enjoyed, understood, and utilized by the community. The writer will express his imagination through literary works. According to Moleong, as stated by Spadlex, literature is "knowledge gained through human activity and used to reflect and communicate experience." According to another viewpoint, literature is one of the most creative and global tools of transmitting mankind's emotional, spiritual, and intellectual problems.^1 Film is a type of literary language. Film is a medium that can be offered to moviegoers. Film is a medium for entertainment, education, and knowledge enhancement. Film, as a medium, is a good way to solve life's difficulties. The film depicts a life that is similar to real life. Watching movie is one of the daily activities for some people. People can be happy ,sad, mad, disappointed, etc. When they watch movie. According to Mario Klarer's book, "An Introduction to Literary Studies." The presentation of a film, such as camera angle, editing, Montag, slow and rapid motion, frequently parallels or may be interpreted within a textual framework. Film has its own distinct traits and jargon.^2 Films provide information and ideas, and they show us places and ways of life that we might not otherwise encounter. However valuable these gains may be, something else is at stake. We find film to provide a very satisfying method of viewing and feeling. Stories frequently drive the encounters, with characters prompting them to investigate visual or auditory features. A movie takes the viewer on a journey, providing a structured experience that stimulates our intellect and emotions.^3
(^1) The Encyclopedia of Americana, vol. 22: (^2) Mario klare, An Introdustionto Literary Studies second Edition , (Londonand New York
3 Roudladge, 2004), p. Kristin Thompson and David Bardwell, Fill Art; An Introduction , (New York; McGraw- Hill 2008).
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and behavior, in mood disorders. Concurrent somatic symptoms are also commonly reported in developing nations, and they may be the primary complaint. Unipolar depressive illnesses are distinguished from bipolar illness by a widely accepted subclassification of mood disorders (defined by the occurrence of mania). The symptoms, course of sickness, patterns of familial transmission, and treatment response are used to make this difference.^7 In this research, the writer chooses this film as the object of the research because it has many controversial issues in this movie. In the other hand, this movie successfully grabbed two Golden Lions award and two Oscars Golden Globe in Venesia Film Festival (VFF) as one of the best movie in 2019. According to CNN, the main actor of this movie, Joaquin Phoenix gets 'best actor' as the main character in film Joker.^8 Furthermore, there are mental disorder issues in the film Joker by Tood Phillips which makes the film is interested to be analyzed deeply. The writer chooses this object because distrubed mental healthy may result in mood disorder, thinking ability, and emotional control that may eventually lead to bad behavior. By knowing the facts, which becomes the most interesting reason of choosing this subject , the writer tries to find out and analysis MENTAL DISORDER ISSUES EXPERIENCED BY ARTHUR AS SEEN IN JOKER FILM BY TODD PHILLIPS.
B. Problem of Research The problem formulations are as follows, based on the problem's background:
(^7) Steven Hyman, Dan Chisholm, Ronald Kessler, Vikram Patel, and Harvey Whiteford Mental
8^ Disorder. “ International Journal of Public Health^ .2003. p. https:m.liputan6.com/citizen6/read/4091583/tak-senang-lihat-kesuksesan-film-joker-joaquin- phonix (accesses on February 17.2020)
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C. Limitation of the Problem To make this research focus, the writer limited the analysis only on mental disorder experienced by Arthurs as the main characters of joker Film which was released in 2019. The writer put the data from scene used captured of the movie and dialogues that show mental disorder in this film by Todd Phillip.
D. Purpose of the Research The following are the research objectives, as stated in the aforementioned formulation:
E. Significance of Research
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try to mark out the frontier between mental health and disease, we find a neutral territory, in which the imperceptible change from the realm of normal mental life to that of obvious derangement takes-place.^10 If such theories are to be specific theories of mental disorder, the idea identifies the area of conditions that they must explain. As a result, the notion acts as a glue that keeps the mental health profession together. Because the notion is theory agnostic, it can be used to create an atheoretical guidebook. To do so, the collection of criteria for each of the DSM-III-disorder R's categories must be valid as indicators of disorder when appraised only on the basis of the shared notion of mental disorder, regardless of any extra theoretical assumptions (at least this is the ideal goal). Unlike theory-based diagnosis guides, which use numerous theoretical ideas to help them in determining what constitutes a disorder, the DSM-III-R relies solely on the idea of mental disease to give intellectual justification for such determinations. Mental illnesses are basically brain problems. These disorders are frequently caused by a complex interaction between an individual's genes and their surroundings. Such factors include lifestyle factors and health habits, such as smoking and exercising, as well as life experiences, such as severe and chronic stress or a history of abuse. Such factors frequently interact with a person's genetic or biological propensity to mental illness. A catastrophic brain injury, for example, or a mother's exposure to viruses or harmful chemicals while pregnant could all have a role. The use of illegal drugs or having a major medical disease such as cancer can also enhance the chance of mental disorder. The now-debunked concept that mental illness is a moral failing has been replaced by research on the etiology of mental illness.^11
(^10) U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, The Biology of Mental Disorders,
11 OTA-BA-538 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 1992). Sperry, Len .2016. Menta and health and mental disorder. Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication. P.
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B. Kinds of Mental Disorder According to American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statically Manual of Mental Disorder in the book there are some kind of mental Disorder including;
1. Organic Mental Syndromes and Disorder In the DSM-III-R, organic mental syndromes are separated from organic mental diseases. The term "organic mental syndrome" refers to a collection of psychological and behavioral signs and symptoms that aren't related to a single cause. (For example, Organic Anxiety Condition, Dementia); "organic mental disorder" refers to a specific organic mental syndrome for which the etiology is known or suspected (for example, Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium, Multi-infarct Dementia). The term disorder is used in the DSM-III-R classification when an organic mental syndrome is linked to an Axis III physical disorder or condition, such as Organic Delusional Disorder due to a brain tumor. When the cause is uncertain, the term disorder is also used, however it would be more accurate to say syndrome in this scenario. Because organic mental disorders are such a diverse group, no single definition can encompass them all. Clinical presentation reflects changes in the underlying pathophysiologic process's localization, mode of initiation, progression, duration, and type. 2. Psychotic Substance Use Disorders Symptoms and maladaptive behavioral changes linked with more or less regular use of psychoactive substances that impact the central nervous system fall under this diagnostic category. In practically every culture, these modifications in behavior would be frowned upon. The development of serious withdrawal symptoms following the cessation or reduction of psychoactive substance use, as well as continued use of a psychoactive substance despite the presence of a persistent or recurrent social, occupational, psychological, or physical problem that the person
