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Medication Aide Questions and Answers
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hemoglobin ✔✔substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen and gives it color
barbiturates ✔✔butabarbital (Butisol), mephobarbital (Mebaral), pentobarbital (Nembutal), phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton), secobarbital (Seconal) SE: hangover, sedation, excitement, restlessness, confusion, allergic reactions
benzodiazepines (sedation/hypnosis) ✔✔estazolam (ProSom), flurazpam (Dalmane), lorazepam (Ativan), quazepam (Doral), temazepam (Restoril), triazolam (Halcion) SE: confusion, agitation, hallucinations, amnesia, liver toxicity
analgesic ✔✔a drug that relieves pain
euphoria ✔✔an exaggerated feeling or state of physical or mental well-being
fatty oxidase enzyme inhibitor ✔✔a drug that reduces the oxygen needed by myocardial cells to cause muscle contractions
MI ✔✔myocardial infarction
mm Hg ✔✔millimeters of mercury
vulnerable adult ✔✔a person 18 or older who has a disability or condition that makes them at risk to be wounded, attacked, or damaged
ulcer ✔✔a shallow or deep crater-like sore of a mucous membrane
tablet ✔✔a dried, powdered drug compressed into a small disk
capsule ✔✔gelatin container that holds a drug in a dried, powdered or liquid form
diabetes ✔✔a disorder in which the body cannot produce or use insulin properly
coating agents ✔✔drugs that form a substance that adheres to the crater of an ulcer
aldosterone ✔✔a substance that causes the kidneys to retain sodium
absorption ✔✔the process by which a drug is transferred from its site of body entry to circulating fluids for distribution
adrenergic blocking agent ✔✔a drug that inhibits adrenergic effects
HIPAA ✔✔health insurance protability and accountability act
DNR ✔✔do not resuscitate
OBRA ✔✔omnibus budget reconciliation act
boundary crossing ✔✔a brief act or behavior outside of the helpful zone
boundary signs ✔✔acts, behaviors, or thoughts that warn of boundary crossing or violation
boundary violation ✔✔an act of behavior that meets your needs, not the person's
nurse practice act ✔✔the law that regulates nursing practice in a state
six rights ✔✔right person, right drug, right time, right route, right dose, right documentation
right person ✔✔1 of 6
right drug ✔✔2 of 6
right time ✔✔3 of 6
right route ✔✔4 of 6
right dose ✔✔5 of 6
right documentation ✔✔6 of 6
person who gives the first dose of a newly ordered drug ✔✔RN, LPN, or charge nurse
CMA cannot ✔✔accept verbal or telephone orders
CMA ✔✔is under the supervision of a RN, LPN, or charge nurse
NCSBN ✔✔national council of state boards of nursing
5 rights of delegation ✔✔right task, right circumstances, right person, right supervision, right directions and communication
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ✔✔determines the safety and effectiveness of drugs before marketing; ensure that manufacturers meet labeling requirements; ensure advertising standards are met when manufacturers market drugs
artery ✔✔a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
capillary ✔✔a tiny blood vessel
vein ✔✔a blood vessel that returns blood back to the heart
tissue ✔✔a group of cells with similar functions
system ✔✔organs that work together to perform special functions
CNS ✔✔central nervous system
epidermis ✔✔outer layer of skin
immune system ✔✔protects body from disease and infection
anaphylaxis ✔✔a severe, life-threatening sensitivity to an antigen
dilute ✔✔add the correct amount of water or other liquid
drug blood level ✔✔amount of a drug present in the blood
drug interaction ✔✔the action of one drug is altered by the action of another drug
generic name ✔✔a drug's common name
idiosyncratic reaction ✔✔something unusual or abnormal that happens when a drug is first given
parenteral route ✔✔drugs bypass the GI tract
percutaneous route ✔✔drugs given through the skin or mucous membrane
placebo ✔✔a drug dosage form that had no active ingredients
reconstitute ✔✔to add water or other liquid to a powder or solid form of a drug
side effect ✔✔and unintended reaction to a drug given in a normal dosage
subcutaneous ✔✔beneath the skin
toxicity ✔✔exposure to large amounts of a substance that should not cause problems in smaller amounts; the reaction when side effects are severe
ac ✔✔before meals
gtt ✔✔drop
pc ✔✔after meals
STAT ✔✔immediately
tid ✔✔three times a day
1 cup ✔✔8oz; 240cc
1 teaspoon ✔✔5ml
1 oz ✔✔30cc
drug diversion ✔✔taking a person's drugs for your own use
NDC ✔✔national drug code
ISMP ✔✔institute for safe medication practices
wash your hands ✔✔easiest most important way to prevent spread of infection
buccal ✔✔inside the cheek
elixir ✔✔a clear liquid made up of a drug dissolved in alcohol and water
emulsion ✔✔an oral dose form containing small droplets of water-in-oil or oil-in-water
lavage ✔✔washing out the stomach
lozenge ✔✔a flat disk containing a medicinal agent with a flavored base
sublingual ✔✔under the tongue
suspension ✔✔a liquid containing solid drug particles
syrup ✔✔an oral dose form containing a drug dissolved in sugar
cream ✔✔a semi-solid emulsion containing a drug
lotion ✔✔a watery preparation containing suspended particles
anti-cholinergic agent ✔✔a drug that blocks or inhibits cholinergic activity
barbiturate ✔✔a drug that depresses the CNS, respirations, blood pressure, and temp
cholinergic fibers ✔✔nerve endings that release acetylcholine
homeostasis ✔✔a constant internal environment
hypnotic ✔✔a drug that produces sleep
inhibitor ✔✔a drug that prevents or restricts a certain action
neurotransmitter ✔✔a chemical substance that transmits nerve impulses
sedative ✔✔a drug that quiets the person; gives a feeling of relaxation and rest
synapse ✔✔the junction between one neuron and the next
adrenergic agents ✔✔albuteral (Proventil, Ventolin), ephedrine, metaproternenol (Alupent), phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine), terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl) side effects:tachycardia, skin flushing, dizziness, tremors, ortho hypotension, angina, nausea/vomiting
beta-adrenergic blocking agents ✔✔acebutolol (Sectral), atenolol (Tenormin), betaxolol (Kerlone), bisoprolol (Zebeta), carteolol (Cartrol), carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolo (Corgard), penbutolo (Levatol), pindolo (Visken), propranolo (Inderal), sotalol (Betapace), timolol (Blocadren) SE: bradycardia, peripheral vaso-constriction, bronch-spasm, hypoglycemia, ^ edema
cholinergic agents ✔✔ambenonium (Mytelase), Bethanechol (Urecholine), guanidine (Guanidine), neostigmine (Prodtigmin), pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine, Pilocar, Adsorbocarpine), pyridostigmine (Mestinon) SE: n/v/d, hypotension, broncho-spasm, bradycardia
anti-cholinergic agents ✔✔atropine (Atropine Sulfate), belladonna (Belladonna tincture), dicyclomine (Bentyl, Antispas, Dibent), glycopyrrolate (Robinul), mepenzolate (Cantil), propantheline (Pro-Banthine) SE:blurred vision, constipation, urine retention, dryness of mouth, confusion, depression, nightmares, hallucinations, ortho hypotension, dysrythmias
drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system ✔✔adrenergic agents, alph- and beta-adrenergic blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anti-cholinergic agents
sedative-hypnotic drugs ✔✔barbiturates, benzodiazepines, non-barbiturate, non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agents
non-barbiturate, non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agents ✔✔chloral hydrate (Aquachloral), diphenhydramine (Benadryl), doxylamin (Unisom), eszopiclone (Lunesta), paraldehyde (Paral),
other anti-anxiety agents ✔✔buspirone (BuSpar) insomnia, nervousness, light headedness, slurred speech (Luvox) fluvoxamine, hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax) blurred vision, constipation, dryness of mouth, sedation, dizziness, slurred speech
MAOIs for anti-depressants ✔✔phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcpromine (Parnate), isocarboxazid (Marplan), selegiline (Emsam)
tri-cyclic anti-depressant ✔✔amitriptyline (Elavil), amoxapine, clomipramine, (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Tofranil), nortripyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), protriptyline (Vivacil), trimipramine (Surmontil)
SSRIs for anti-depressants ✔✔citlalopram (Celexa), duloxetine (Cymbalta), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft)
other anti-depressants ✔✔bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) gi upsets, restlessness/ agitation/ anxiety/ insomnia, seizures, suicidal. maprotiline. mirtazapine (Remeron). nefazodone. trazodone hydrochloride (Desyrel) venlafaxine (Effexor)
anti-manic agents ✔✔lithium carbonate (Eskalith, Lithane) SE: n/v/abdominal cramps, excess thirst/urination, progressive fatigue, wight gain GIVE WITH FOOD/MILK
anti-psychotic agents ✔✔block dopamine in the brain SE: fatigue, drowsiness, ortho hypotension, blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, seizures,
drugs used for psychoses ✔✔chlorpromazine (Thorazine), fluphenazine (Prolixin), perphenazine, prochorperazine (Compazine), thioridazine, trifluoperazine, thiothixene (Navane), haloperidol (Haldol), loxapine (Loxitane), molindone (Moban), aripiprazole (Abilify), clozapine (Clozaril), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), risperidone (Risperdal), ziprasidone (Geodon)
drugs for alcohol rehab ✔✔acamprosate (Campral) diarrhea, suicidal] disulfiram (Antabuse) drowsiness, fatigue, headache, impotence, metallic taste, n/v/jaundice, hives/itching
anti-convulsants ✔✔drugs used to prevent or reduce seizures
epilepsy ✔✔a brain disorder in which clusters of nerve cells sometimes signal abnormally
seizure ✔✔violent and sudden sontractions or tremors of muscle groups; convulsion
benzodiazepines used for anti-convulsants ✔✔clonazepam (Klonopin), clorazepate (Tranxene), diazepam (Valium)
salicylates used for pain ✔✔aspirin (Zorprin, ASA, Empirin), choline salicylate (Arthropan), diflunisal (Dolobid), magnesium salicylate (Magan, Mobidin), salsalate (Salsitab Artha-G), sodium salicylate (Sodium Salicylate)
NSAIDs used to reduce pain, inflammation, & fever ✔✔celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren), etodolac (Lodine), fenoprofen (Nalfon), flurbiprofen (Ansaid), ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), indomethacin (Indocin), naproxen (Naprosyn), naproxen sodium (Anaprox)
selected analgesic combo products used for pain ✔✔Anacin Tablets, Anacin Max Strength, BC Powder, Darvocet-N 50/100, Darvon Compound-65, Empirin Codeine, Excedrin Extra-Strength, Fioricet, Fiorinal w/ codiene, Lortab, Percocet, Percodan, Percogesic, Talwin Compound, Tylenol w/ codeine, Vicodin
cholesterol ✔✔a waxy, fat-like substance found in all body cells
dyslipidemia ✔✔an abnormality of one or more otht he blood fats
hyperlipidemia ✔✔excess lipids in the blood
lipids ✔✔fats
triglycerides ✔✔fatty compounds that come from animal and vegetable fats
CAD ✔✔coronary artery disease
HDL ✔✔high-density lipo-protein
LDL ✔✔low-density lipo-protein
bile acid-binding resins ✔✔interrupt the normal circulation of bile acids b/t liver & intestines cholestyramine (Questran), colestipol (Colestid), colesevelam (Welchol) GIVE WITH FOOD other drugs are given 1hr before or 4 hrs after
Niacin ✔✔is B3 -limits the liver's ability to produce LDL
Statins ✔✔strongest anti-lipemic block enzyme in the liver that produce cholesterol atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol), lovastatin (Mevacor, Altoprev), pravastatin (Pravachol), rosuvastatin (Crestor), simvastatin (Zocor),pravastatin-aspirin (Pravigard PAC)
Fibric acids ✔✔lower triglyceride & LDL levels, used for people who have not responded to weight loss, diet therapy or other anti-lipemic drugs; gemfibrozil (Lopid), fenofibrate (Tricor)
other anti-lipemic drugs ✔✔ezetimibe (Zetia), Omacor (fish oils)
