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Medical Terminology Final exam Study
guide (chapters 1-13) 2024
seborrhea sebo/rrhea seh-boh-REE-ah - ANS>> discharge of oil (sebum) oil/discharge odont/o-
- enamel on the outside of the tooth is the hardest thing in the human body
- humans have 32 teeth - ANS>> tooth Hypoglycemia - ANS>> low blood sugar hemat/o heh-MAH-toh - ANS>> blood (hematoma) arthr/o AR-throh - ANS>> joint (arthroscope, arthritis muscul/o - ANS>> muscle cardi/o KAR-dee-oh - ANS>> heart (cardiology, pericardium) derm/o DER-moh - ANS>> skin (dermoscopy, dermis) gastr/o GAS-tro - ANS>> stomach (gastrointestinal, gastritis) enter/o EN-ter-oh - ANS>> small intestine (enteropathy, dysentery) hepat/o he-PAH-toh - ANS>> liver (hepatology, hepatits)
hem/o HEE-moh - ANS>> blood (hemorrhage) angi/o AN-gee-oh (most commonly refers to blood vessel, but can also refer to othe types of blood vessels as well) - ANS>> Vessel (angioplasty, angiectomy) neur/o NUR-oh - ANS>> nerve (neurology, neuralgia path/o PAH-thoh - ANS>> suffering , disease
- pathology pneumon/o noo-MAW-noh - ANS>> lung (pneumonia, pneumonitis) morph/o MOR-foh - ANS>> change
- morphology my/o MAI-oh - ANS>> muscle (myocardial, myalgia) necr/o NEK-roh - ANS>> death (necrosis) py/o PAH-thoh - ANS>> pus (pyorrhea, pyemia) hydr/o HAI-droh - ANS>> water (hydrophobia, dehydration) pulmon/o
- lysis lih-sis - ANS>> loosen, break down (hemolysis)
- ium ee-um - ANS>> tissue, structure (pericardium)
- al al - ANS>> pertaining to (skeletal)
- ary ar-ee - ANS>> pertaining to (pulmonary)
- ic ik - ANS>> pertaining to (medic)
- itis AI-tis - ANS>> inflammation (arthritis)
- ous us - ANS>> pertaining to (subcutaneous)
- oma OH-mah - ANS>> tumor (melanoma)
- gram gram - ANS>> written record (cardiogram)
- ectomy EK-toh-mee - ANS>> removal (vasectomy)
- graphy grah-fee - ANS>> writing procedure (cardiography)
- metry meh-tree - ANS>> pocess of measuring
(cephalometry)
- scope skohp - ANS>> instrument used to look (arthroscope)
- ist ist - ANS>> specialist (dentist) Endo- en-doh - ANS>> in, inside (endocrine) epi- eh-pee - ANS>> upon (epididymus) inter- in-ter - ANS>> between (intercostal) intra- in-trah - ANS>> in, inside (intravenous) post- pohst - ANS>> after (postpartum) peri- per-ee - ANS>> around (pericardium) Pre- pree - ANS>> before (precondition) sub- sub - ANS>> beneath (subutaneous) trans- tranz - ANS>> through (translate)
(rehabilitation) eu- yoo - ANS>> good (euphoria) ab- ab - ANS>> away (abduct) Anti- AN-tee - ANS>> against (antibiotics) ante- an-tee - ANS>> before (antepartum) contra- KON-trah - ANS>> against (contraceptive) pro- proh - ANS>> before, on behalf of (probiotic) circum- sir-kum - ANS>> around (circumcision) ex- eks - ANS>> out (exhale) Ecto- ek-toh - ANS>> outside (ectoderm) exo- ek-soh - ANS>> outside (exoskeleton macro- ma-roh - ANS>> large (macrotia)
micro- mai-kroh - ANS>> small (microdontia) mono- maw-noh - ANS>> one (monocyte) Dermatology - ANS>> study of the skin syn- sin - ANS>> with, together (syndrome) bronchitis bron-KAI-tis - ANS>> inflammation of the bronchi pathogenic - ANS>> Causing or able to cause disease biospy BAI-op-see - ANS>> removal of tissue in order to exam it dermatomycosis der-mah-toh-mai-KOH-sis - ANS>> a fungal skin condition Pharmacist - ANS>> specialist in preparing and dispensing drugs optometry - ANS>> testing of eyes to measure vision geriatric - ANS>> pertaining to old age pericardium peri/cardi/ium peh-ree-KAR-dee-um - ANS>> Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart around/heart/tissue. osteocarcinoma osteo/carncin/oma AW-stee-oh-KAR-sih-NOH-mah - ANS>> bone cancer tumor bone/cancer/tumor cornea (KOR-nee-uh) - ANS>> the transparent membrane covering the outside of the eye
pneumonia new-MOH-nee-yah pneumon / ia lung / condition - ANS>> a lung condition carcinoma - ANS>> cancerous tumor apnea - ANS>> cessation of breathing rheumatoid arthritis ROO-mah-toyd- ar- THRAI-tis - ANS>> inflammatioin of the joint, called rheumatoid becasue its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever Chronic KRAH-nik - ANS>> it has been going on for a while now Proximal PRAWK-sih-mal
- proximal and approxiamte come from the same word and mean "close" - ANS>> closer to the center anterior an-TIH-ree-or
- the word ventral means "stomach" - ANS>> the front distal DIH-stal
- distal and distant come from the same word and mean far - ANS>> farther away from the center auscultation aws-kul-TAY-shun - ANS>> to listen posterior ohs-TEER-ee-or
- a dorsal fin on a shark is on its back - ANS>> the back diagnosis DAI-ag-NOH-sis - ANS>> what the health care professional thinks the patient has
caudal
- KOW-dal from latin, for tail - ANS>> towards the bottom benign beh-NAIN - ANS>> safe malignant mah-LIG-nant - ANS>> dangerous; a problem etiology ee-tee-AW-loh-jee - ANS>> the cause Cranial (KRAY-nee-al) - ANS>> toward the top Dorsal (DOR-sal) - ANS>> the back ventral VEN-tral
- the word ventral means "stomach" - ANS>> the front superior soo-PIH-ree-or - ANS>> above inferior in-FIH-ree-or - ANS>> below sagittal SA-jih-tal
- sagitta is latin for arrow, think of this as dividing the body in half, as if someone shot an arrow through it - ANS>> divides the body in slices right to left coronal ha-ROH-nal
- corona is latin for crown, this plane divides the body in half from the top of the head down - ANS>> divides the body into slices from front to back ER - ANS>> emergency room ICU - ANS>> intensive care unit Pt - ANS>> patient
- itch/prescene of comedo koh-MEE-doh
- from latin, for " to eat up" - ANS>> a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head) Abscess ab/sess (AB-ses)
- it was believed that the harmful humors of the body would "go away" from the body via puss leaking from an abscess - ANS>> a localized collection of pus in the body away/go cicatrix (plural cicatrices) SIK-ah-triks
- latin for "scar" - ANS>> from latin for "scar", a sar impetigo im-peh-TAI-goh
- from latin for " to attack" - ANS>> a highly contagious bacterial infection of the skin xeroderma xero/derma zeh-roh-DER-mah - ANS>> dry skin dry/skin hypomelanosis hypo/melan/osis hai-poh-mel-an-OH-sis - ANS>> diminished melanin in the skin under/black/condition Antihistamine anti/histamine an-tee-HIS-tah-meen - ANS>> a drug that opposes the effects of histamine against/histamine hypodermic hypo/derm/ic hai-poh-DER-mik - ANS>> pertaining to beneath the skin beneath/skin/pertaining to
subcutaneous sub/cutane/ous sub-hyoo-TAY-nee-us - ANS>> pertaining to beneath the skin beneath/skin/pertaining to Bx - ANS>> biopsy cherry angioma anig/oma CHEH-ree an-gee-OH-mah - ANS>> a small blood vessel tumor blood vessel/tumor decubitus ulcer de /cubitus ucler deh-KYOO-bih-tus UL-sir - ANS>> bed sore down/lie sore C&S - ANS>> culture and sensitivity ABCDE - ANS>> asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving xer/o - ANS>> dry xanth/o - ANS>> yellow erythr/o - ANS>> red melan/o - ANS>> black adip/o - ANS>> fat lip/o - ANS>> fat leuk/o - ANS>> white kerat/o - ANS>> hard, horny seb/o - ANS>> oil crypt/o
- the word crypt used by itself can refer to a room or vault hidden beneath the floor, - ANS>> hidden
analgesic an/alge/sic A-nal-JEE-zik - ANS>> a drug that relieves pain no/pain/agent spinal stenosis spinal sten/osis SPAI-nal stih-NOH-sis - ANS>> inflammation of the vertebrae spine narrow/condition Osteoarthritis osteo/arthr/itis AW-stee-oh-ar-THRAI-tis - ANS>> inflammation of the bone and joint bone/joint/inflammation prosthesis pros/thesis praws-THEE_sis - ANS>> a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function toward/place muscular dystrophy muscul/ar dys/trophy MUS-kyoo-lar DIS-troh-fee - ANS>> disorder characterized by poor muscle development muscle/pertainingn to bad/nourishment C1-C7 - ANS>> cervical (of the neck) vertebrae tendonitis tendon/itis TEN-dah-NAI-tis - ANS>> tendon imflammation tendon/inflammation T1-T12 - ANS>> thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae L1-L5 - ANS>> lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae NSAID - ANS>> nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug oste/o - ANS>> bone
crani/o - ANS>> head, skull cervic/o when a "c" is followed by an e or i it is pronounced soft like an "s" - ANS>> neck spondyl/o vertebra comes from Latin for to "turn", its called this because the spine was once thought of as the hinge or center around which all other bones turned - ANS>> vertebra lumb/o
- the root lumbo comes from the Lain lumbo, for "loin" =it refersf to the region between the rib cage and the pelvis - ANS>> loin, lower back femor/o (thighbone) strongest bone in the body
- femur makes up about a fourth of a persons overall height - ANS>> femur (thigh bone) carp/o the carpal tunnel is the area in the wrist where the nerves enter the hand - ANS>> wrist cost/o the english word "coast" comes from this word - ANS>> rib dactyl/o - ANS>> finger brachi/o
- this root can also be seen in the world embrace, which literally means "to put someone in your arms" - ANS>> arm tibi/o (shinebone) the term tibia orginally meant "pipe" or "flute" - ANS>> tibia (shin bone) tars/o
half/paralysis anesthetic an-es-THET-ik an/esthetic - ANS>> a drug that causes loss of sensation not/sensation hydrophobia hydro/phobia HAI-druh-FOH-bee-ah - ANS>> fear of water water/excessive fear cerebal embolism cerebr/al embol/ism seh-REE-bral EM-boh-lih-zum Embolus is a Greek word meaning "stopper" or "plug" - ANS>> the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object (emolus) such as fat or bacteria brain/pertaining to stopper/ condition Microephaly micro/ephal/y MAI-kroh-SEH-fah-lee - ANS>> abnomally small head small/head/condition Hydrocephaly HAI-droh-SEH-fah-lee hydro/cephal/y - ANS>> abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain water/head/condition encephalitis encephal/itis in-SEF-ah-LAI-tis - ANS>> inflammation of the brain brain/inflammation ischemic stroke isch/em/ic ihs-KEE-mik STROHK - ANS>> a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage
hold back/blood/pertaining to Chemotherapy chemo/therapy KEE-moh-THER-ah-pee - ANS>> The use of drugs to treat diseases such as cancer chemical/treatment transient ischemic attack (TIA) trans/ient isch/em/ic TRAN-zee-en ih-SKEE-mik ah-TAK - ANS>> a mini-stroke caused by the blockage of a blood vessel that resolves (goes away) wihtin 24 hours across/go hold/back/pertaining to EEG - ANS>> electroencephalogram TIA - ANS>> transient ischemic attack (mini stroke) ADHD - ANS>> attention deficit hyperactivity disorder CNS - ANS>> central nervous system CSF - ANS>> cerebrospinal fluid MS - ANS>> multiple sclerosis cerebr/o
- the encephalo root comes from en (inside) and cephalus (head and literally means "the stuff inside your head" - ANS>> brain cephal/o the term migraine comes from the word hemicranias meaning "half the head" it reflects the fact most migraines are localized on half the patient's head - ANS>> head phas/o - ANS>> speech phren/o phreno can alos refer to the diaphragm - ANS>> mind psych/o
