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Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers, Exams of General Surgery

Medical Training CollegeGeneral Surgery

A test bank with multiple-choice and multiple-response questions related to professional nursing concepts for medical-surgical nursing. The questions cover topics such as client safety, client-centered care, and interprofessional teamwork. The document also provides rationales for each answer choice, making it a useful study tool for nursing students preparing for exams or assignments.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 02/05/2024

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Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+
Guide Solution
Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition
Ignatavicius Workman Test Bank
Full file
Chapter 01: Overview of Professional Nursing Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
Ignatavicius: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A new nurse is working with a preceptor on a medical-surgical unit. The preceptor advises the
new nurse that which is the priority when working as a professional nurse? a. Attending to
holistic client needs
b. Ensuring client safety
c. Not making medication errors
d. Providing client-focused care
ANS: B
All actions are appropriate for the professional nurse. However, ensuring client safety is the
priority. Health care errors have been widely reported for 25 years, many of which result in
client injury, death, and increased health care costs. There are several national and
international organizations that have either recommended or mandated safety initiatives.
Every nurse has the responsibility to guard the client’s safety. The other actions are important
for quality nursing, but they are not as vital as providing safety. Not making medication errors
does provide safety, but is too narrow in scope to be the best answer.
DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Intervention
KEY: Client safety
MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
2. A nurse is orienting a new client and family to the medical-surgical unit. What information
does the nurse provide to best help the client promote his or her own safety? a. Encourage
the client and family to be active partners.
b. Have the client monitor hand hygiene in caregivers.
c. Offer the family the opportunity to stay with the client.
d. Tell the client to always wear his or her armband.
ANS: A
Each action could be important for the client or family to perform. However, encouraging the
client to be active in his or her health care as a safety partner is the most critical. The other
actions are very limited in scope and do not provide the broad protection that being active and
involved does.
DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
KEY: Client safety
MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
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Download Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers and more Exams General Surgery in PDF only on Docsity!

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition

Ignatavicius Workman Test Bank

Full file

Chapter 01: Overview of Professional Nursing Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing

Ignatavicius: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

  1. A new nurse is working with a preceptor on a medical-surgical unit. The preceptor advises the new nurse that which is the priority when working as a professional nurse? a. Attending to holistic client needs b. Ensuring client safety c. Not making medication errors d. Providing client-focused care ANS: B All actions are appropriate for the professional nurse. However, ensuring client safety is the priority. Health care errors have been widely reported for 25 years, many of which result in client injury, death, and increased health care costs. There are several national and international organizations that have either recommended or mandated safety initiatives. Every nurse has the responsibility to guard the client’s safety. The other actions are important for quality nursing, but they are not as vital as providing safety. Not making medication errors does provide safety, but is too narrow in scope to be the best answer. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Intervention KEY: Client safety MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
  2. A nurse is orienting a new client and family to the medical-surgical unit. What information does the nurse provide to best help the client promote his or her own safety? a. Encourage the client and family to be active partners. b. Have the client monitor hand hygiene in caregivers. c. Offer the family the opportunity to stay with the client. d. Tell the client to always wear his or her armband. ANS: A Each action could be important for the client or family to perform. However, encouraging the client to be active in his or her health care as a safety partner is the most critical. The other actions are very limited in scope and do not provide the broad protection that being active and involved does. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Client safety MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+

  1. A nurse is caring for a postoperative client on the surgical unit. The client’s blood pressure was 142/76 mm Hg 30 minutes ago, and now is 88/50 mm Hg. What action would the nurse take first? a. Call the Rapid Response Team. b. Document and continue to monitor. c. Notify the primary health care provider. d. Repeat the blood pressure in 15 minutes. ANS: A The purpose of the Rapid Response Team (RRT) is to intervene when clients are deteriorating before they suffer either respiratory or cardiac arrest. Since the client has manifested a significant change, the nurse would call the RRT. Changes in blood pressure, mental status, heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, and last 2 hours’ urine output are particularly significant and are part of the Modified Early Warning System guide. Documentation is vital, but the nurse must do more than document. The primary health care provider would be notified, but this is not more important than calling the RRT. The client’s blood pressure would be reassessed frequently, but the priority is getting the rapid care to the client. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Rapid Response Team (RRT), Clinical judgment MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
  2. A nurse wishes to provide client-centered care in all interactions. Which action by the nurse best demonstrates this concept? a. Assesses for cultural influences affecting health care. b. Ensures that all the client’s basic needs are met. c. Tells the client and family about all upcoming tests. d. Thoroughly orients the client and family to the room. ANS: A Showing respect for the client and family’s preferences and needs is essential to ensure a holistic or “whole-person” approach to care. By assessing the effect of the client’s culture on health care, this nurse is practicing client-focused care. Providing for basic needs does not demonstrate this competence. Simply telling the client about all upcoming tests is not providing empowering education. Orienting the client and family to the room is an important safety measure, but not directly related to demonstrating client-centered care. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Culture and Spirituality KEY: Client-centered care, Culture MSC: Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity
  3. A client is going to be admitted for a scheduled surgical procedure. Which action does the nurse explain is the most important thing the client can do to protect against errors? a. Bring a list of all medications and what they are for. b. Keep the provider’s phone number by the telephone. c. Make sure that all providers wash hands before entering the room. d. Write down the name of each caregiver who comes in the room. ANS: A Medication reconciliation is a formal process in which the client’s actual current medications are compared to the prescribed medications at the time of admission, transfer, or discharge. This National client Safety Goal is important to reduce medication errors. The client would not have to be responsible for providers washing their hands, and even if the client does so, this is too narrow to be the most important action to prevent errors. Keeping the provider’s

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ considered background. Assessment would include an analysis of the client’s problem; none of the options has assessment information. Asking for a different pain medication is a recommendation. Recommendation is a statement of what is needed or what outcome is desired. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Teamwork and collaboration, SBAR MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

  1. A nurse working on a cardiac unit delegated taking vital signs to an experienced assistive personnel (AP). Four hours later, the nurse notes that the client’s blood pressure taken by the AP was much higher than previous readings, and the client’s mental status has changed. What action by the nurse would most likely have prevented this negative outcome? a. Determining if the AP knew how to take blood pressure b. Double-checking the AP by taking another blood pressure c. Providing more appropriate supervision of the AP d. Taking the blood pressure instead of delegating the task ANS: C Supervision is one of the five rights of delegation and includes directing, evaluating, and following up on delegated tasks. The nurse would either have asked the AP about the vital signs or instructed the AP to report them right away. An experienced AP would know how to take vital signs and the nurse would not have to assess this at this point. Double-checking the work defeats the purpose of delegation. Vital signs are within the scope of practice for a AP and are permissible to delegate. The only appropriate answer is that the nurse did not provide adequate instruction to the AP. DIF: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Teamwork and collaboration, Delegation MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  2. A newly graduated nurse in the hospital states that because of being so new, participation in quality improvement (QI) projects is not wise. What response by the precepting nurse is best? a. “All staff nurses are required to participate in quality improvement here.” b. “Even being new, you can implement activities designed to improve care.” c. “It’s easy to identify what indicators would be used to measure quality.” d. “You should ask to be assigned to the research and quality committee.” ANS: B The preceptor would try to reassure the nurse that implementing QI measures is not out of line for a newly licensed nurse. Simply stating that all nurses are required to participate does not help the nurse understand how that is possible and is dismissive. Identifying indicators of quality is not an easy, quick process and would not be the best place to suggest a new nurse to start. Asking to be assigned to the QI committee does not give the nurse information about how to implement QI in daily practice. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Systems thinking, Quality improvement MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  3. A nurse is talking with a co-worker who is moving to a new state and needs to find new employment there. What advice by the nurse is best?

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ a. Ask the hospitals there about standard nurse–client ratios. b. Choose the hospital that has the newest technology. c. Find a hospital that has achieved Magnet status. d. Work in a facility affiliated with a medical or nursing school. ANS: C Client Magnet status is awarded by The Joint Commission (TJC) and certifies that nurses can demonstrate how best current evidence guides their practice. New technology doesn’t necessarily mean that the hospital is safe. Affiliation with a health profession school has several advantages, but safety is most important. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Evidence-based practice, Magnet status MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control MULTIPLE RESPONSE

  1. A nurse manager wishes to ensure that the nurses on the unit are practicing at their highest levels of competency. Which areas would the manager assess to determine if the nursing staff demonstrate competency according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Collaborating with an interprofessional team b. Implementing evidence-based care c. Providing family-focused care d. Routinely using informatics in practice e. Using quality improvement in client care f. Formalizing systems thinking when implementing care ANS: A, B, D, E The IOM report lists five broad core competencies that all health care providers should practice. These include collaborating with the interprofessional team, implementing evidence- based practice, providing patient-focused care, using informatics in client care, and using quality improvement in client care. Systems thinking is required for quality improvement but is not a specified part of the IOM report. DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment KEY: Competencies, Institute of Medicine (IOM) MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
  2. A nurse is interested in making interprofessional work a high priority. Which actions by the nurse best demonstrate this skill? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Consults with other disciplines on client care. b. Coordinates discharge planning for home safety. c. Participates in comprehensive client rounding. d. Routinely asks other disciplines about client progress. e. Shows the nursing care plans to other disciplines. f. Delegate tasks to unlicensed personnel appropriately. ANS: A, B, C, D, F Collaborating with the interprofessional team involves planning, implementing, and evaluating client care as a team with all other involved disciplines included. Simply showing

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+

  1. A nurse asks the charge nurse to explain the difference between critical thinking and clinical judgment. What statement by the charge nurse is best? a. “Clinical judgment is often clouded by erroneous hypotheses.” b. “Clinical judgment is the observable outcome of critical thinking.” c. “Critical thinking requires synthesizing interactions within a situation.” d. “Critical thinking is the highest level of nursing judgment.” ANS: B Clinical judgment is the observable outcome of critical thinking and decision making. It can be, but most often is not, clouded by erroneous hypotheses. Recognizing, understanding, and synthesizing interactions and interdependencies in a set of components designed for a specific purpose is systems thinking. Critical thinking is not the highest level of nursing judgment. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Clinical judgment MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  2. The nurse understands which information regarding patient-centered care? a. A competency recognizing the client as the source of control of his or her care b. A project addressing challenges in implementing patient-centered care c. Purposeful, informed, and outcome-focused care of clients or families d. The ability to use best evidence and practice when making care-related decisions ANS: A Patient-centered care is a QSEN competency that recognizes the patient or caregiver as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for the patient’s preferences, values, and needs. QSEN is a project addressing the challenge of preparing future nurses with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) necessary to continuously improve the quality and safety of the health care systems in which they work. Critical thinking is the application of purposeful, informed, and outcome-focused care. The ability to use best evidence and practice when making care-related decisions is evidence-based practice. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Patient-centered care MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  3. A nurse wishes to participate in an activity that will influence health outcomes. What action by the nurse best meets this objective? a. Creating a transportation system for health care appointments b. Lobbying with a national organization for health care policy c. Organizing a food pantry in an impoverished community d. Running for election to the county public health board ANS: B All options are good choices for an altruistic nurse wishing to influence health outcomes; however, being involved in policy creation and health care reform is an activity specifically recognized to improve health outcomes. This action will also affect a wider population than the more local options. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Health outcomes

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

  1. What factor best predicts a nurse’s willingness to employ critical thinking? a. Caring b. Knowledge c. Presence d. Skills ANS: A All attributes are important in nursing, however; the nurse’s willingness to think critically is predicted by caring behaviors, self-reflection, and insight. DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment KEY: Critical thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  2. To demonstrate clinical reasoning skills, what action does the nurse take? a. Collaborating with co-workers to buddy up for lunch breaks b. Delegating frequent vital signs on a new postoperative patient c. Documenting a complete history and physical on an admission d. Requesting the provider order medication for a client with high potassium ANS: D The components of clinical reasoning include assessing, analyzing, planning, implementing, and evaluating. This nurse shows the ability to analyze by interpreting the meaning of the lab value, to plan by anticipating the consequences of the lab value, and to implement by taking action. DIF: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation KEY: Clinical judgment MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  3. The new nurse asks the preceptor how context affects clinical judgment. What response by the preceptor is best? a. “Context considers the whole of the patient’s story and circumstances.” b. “It shouldn’t, only nursing knowledge would affect clinical judgment.” c. “Outside influences such as environment in which you provide care, influence your decisions.” d. “The context of the situation provides an extra layer of complexity to consider.” ANS: C The context of a situation considers and supports clinical judgment. The factors within this layer—such as environment, time pressure, availability or content of electronic health records, resources, and individual nursing knowledge—have a direct impact on clinical judgment. The other two options are too vague to provide appropriate information. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Clinical judgment MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  4. Once the nurse has considered all possible collaborative and client problems, what action does the nurse take next? a. Act on the observed cues. b. Determine desired outcomes. c. Generate solutions.

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ d. Grounded in a specific theory e. Guided by standards f. Requires forming options about evidence ANS: A, B, C, E Critical thinking must be based on logic, creativity, and intuition; driven by patient, family, or community needs; focused on safety and quality; guided by standards, policies, ethics, and laws; based on principles of nursing process, problem-solving, and the scientific method (requires forming opinions and making decisions based on evidence); centered on identification of the key problems, issues, and risks; and grounded in strategies that make the most of human potential. It is not dependent on using a specific theory. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning KEY: Critical thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

  1. The nurse manager is conducting an annual evaluation of a staff nurse and is appraising the nurse’s clinical reasoning. What nurse actions does the manager observe to help form this judgment? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Anticipating consequences of actions b. Delegating appropriately c. Interpreting data d. Noticing cues e. Setting priorities ANS: A, C, D, E The phases of clinical reasoning include assessing (noticing cues), analyzing (interpreting data), planning (anticipating consequences and setting priorities), implementing, and evaluating. Delegating appropriately is not included in this model. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Evaluation KEY: Clinical reasoning MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  2. According to the WHO, what does primary care involve? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Empowered people and communities b. Essential public functions c. Multisectoral policy and action d. Primary care e. Priority consideration of chronic diseases f. Elimination of chronic diseases ANS: A, B, C, D According to the WHO, primary care involves three main areas: empowered people and communities, primary care and essential public functions, and multisectoral policy and action. Primary care focuses on both prevention and management of chronic disease. DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Primary care, Systems thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  3. A nurse wishes to work in a community-based practice setting. Which areas would this nurse explore for employment? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Hospice facility

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ b. “Minute clinic” c. Mobile mammography unit d. Small community hospital e. Telehealth f. Home health care ANS: A, B, C, E, F The multiple avenues providing community-based care include hospice, “minute” or retail clinics, mobile screening and diagnostic services, telehealth, private medical practices, outpatient services, freestanding points of care, home health care, long-term ambulatory care, public health, and free clinics. Inpatient services in a hospital are not considered primary care sites. DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: NA KEY: Community-based care MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

Chapter 03: Overview of Health Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing Ignatavicius:

Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

  1. A nurse is caring for a client who is acidotic. The nurse asks the charge nurse why the client is breathing rapidly. What response by the charge nurse is best? a. Anxiety is causing the client to breathe rapidly. b. The client is trying to get rid of excess body acids. c. The rapid respirations cause buildup of bicarbonate. d. An increased respiratory rate is due to increased metabolism. ANS: B The client is acidotic, and the respiratory system is attempting to compensate by “blowing off” excess acid in the form of carbon dioxide. The increased respiratory rate is not due to anxiety or increased metabolism. An increased respiratory rate does not cause a buildup of bicarbonate. DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Acid-base balance MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
  2. A client had a recent thromboembolism and must resume work which requires frequent car and plane travel. What self-care measure does the nurse teach to reduce the risk of impaired clotting in this client? a. Get up and walk around at least every 2 hours while traveling. b. Use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor for safety. c. Be sure to sit with the legs elevated as much as possible. d. Increase fiber in the diet so as not to strain to move the bowels. ANS: A Clients who are at risk of increased clotting (as evidenced by prior thromboembolic event) can take several measures to reduce their risk of further problems. One measure is to get up and walk frequently when sitting for a long period of time. Using a soft toothbrush and an electric

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ Urinary incontinence can lead to skin breakdown and possibility of infection. Skin that is intact without redness shows that a major goal for this client has been met. Becoming more social is a positive finding as many adults with incontinence limit their social activities, but this psychosocial outcome is not the priority over a physical outcome. Being satisfied with undergarments is also not the priority. Drinking adequate water can sometimes help with incontinence and is important for general health, but is not directly related to an important goal for this client. DIF: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Evaluation KEY: Tissue integrity, Incontinence MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

  1. The registered nurse asks the nursing assistant why a cardiac client’s morning weight has not yet been done. The nursing assistant says, “I’ll get to it, what’s the big deal?” When deciding how to respond, the nurse considers what information about weight? a. Decisions on treatment often depend on the daily weight. b. The nursing assistant needs to ensure that tasks are done on time. c. Weight is the most accurate noninvasive indicator of fluid status. d. A change in weight may indicate the need to change IV fluids. ANS: C Weight is the best (noninvasive) indicator of fluid status. Primary health care providers may base treatment decisions on weight, because the weight reflects fluid balance, but this answer does not explain why. IV fluid rates or solutions may change for the same reason. The nursing assistant would perform tasks on a timely basis, but this is not related to information about weight. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Fluid and electrolytes MSC: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
  2. The nurse in the emergency department (ED) is caring for four clients. Which client does the nurse assess for gas exchange abnormalities first? a. Involved in motor vehicle crash, has broken femur. b. Brought in unconscious by roommate after opioid overdose. c. Asthmatic client being discharged after bronchodilator therapy. d. History of COPD, presents to ED after being bitten by a dog. ANS: B Opioid medications can cause respiratory depression, so this client is most at risk for gas exchange problems. Diminished respirations will allow a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood. The clients with asthma and COPD have the potential for gas exchange problems but this is not indicated in answer option as he or she is being discharged. The client with a broken femur does not have information suggesting gas exchange problems. DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment KEY: Gas exchange, Risk factors MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
  3. The nurse caring for a client with malnutrition assesses which laboratory value as the priority? a. Albumin b. Prealbumin

Medical Surgical Nursing 10th Edition Ignatavicius Workman: Questions & Answers: Updated A+ c. Prothrombin time d. Serum sodium ANS: B Both albumin and prealbumin are indicators for nutrition. However, prealbumin changes more rapidly with decreased nutrition, so it is the better test. Prothrombin time and serum sodium are not directly related to nutritional status. DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment KEY: Nutrition, Laboratory values