Medical Micro - Mechanisms of Disease Exams 2025, Exams of Medical Microbiology

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Medical Micro - Mechanisms of Disease Exams

What is pathogenicity? - ANSWER-An organisms ability to cause disease, an all or nothing phenomenon aLD a0 of 1. Single organism causes phneumonic plague which is deadly What are attenuated organisms commonly used for?- ANSWER Vaccinations Name four methods in which attenuation can be achieved Natrually occuring attenuated strains, genetic mutation, growth in the lab, growth in non-native host. Name Koch’s four postulates - A. ‘f- Organism must be present in every case of disease, isolate organism and grow il in pure culture, inject bacteria into healihy animal and animal must develop same disease, and re-isolate organism from newly infected animals and it must be same organism Name two dis and HIV causing AIDs Why can't Koch's postulates prove that HIV causes AIDS? must be inside a cell to grow, so you couldn't grow a pure culture; only humans develop AIDS ANSWER Since HIV is a virus, it from HIV, other animals cannot Gonorrhea will only develop in humans, no other animal Name the five ty) respiratory system, mucus in upper respiratory tract, flow if urine Where will there be more bacteria in your body?- ANSWER-In moist areas Where will there be less bacteria in your body? - ‘R-In dry areas Where at in your body can vou find sterile sites? - ANSWER Major organs, blood, urine, CNS How does human microbiota act as a mechanical barrier? - ANSWERNormal bacteria take up space in body so pathogens can’t attach, also they use up nutrients and oul. of bady belore gouling into lungs How docs mucus acl as a mechanical barrier? - ANSWER Mucus traps bacteria, then is pushed up and out of body by cilia How 1s flow of urine used as a mechanical barrier? - ANSWER Pushes bacteria out of urinary tract What is another name for normal microbiota? - ANSWER-Normal flora Name five places in which you would find resident bacteria within the body? - throat and upper respiratory tract, intestines, urinary tract, and vagina coliforms, o. cali, enlerobaclor, anacrobes What kinds of bacloria would be found in the urethra? - ANS skin How do fimbriae bind to host cells on the body? - ANSWERBinds to sugars and carbs, often glycoproteins pyogenes Argentine, glycene, and aspartic acid Name the three amino acids RGD uses - A. What is enterotoxin? - An exotoxin that infects intestines Endotoxin can also be referred to as...- ANSWER-LPS procedures What happens to the immune system when superantigens get into the body? - ANSWER-Causes all the T cells to activate, causing too much of an immune response, causing di e/symptoms within body TSST - 1 (a superantigen} Give 2 examples of a protease invoked disease - ANSWER Scalded skin syndrome and the flesh caling discase What bactoria causes the flosh cating disease? - ANSWER-Streplocaccus Pyogencs Whal type of protease docs the [lesh cating dise: What does SPE B do within the body? collagen ‘Cuts proteins in ECM such as fibronectin and How is the flesh eating disease generally treated? - ANSWER-By surgical debridment What bacteria causes scalded skin syndrome and what happens with this discase? - ANSWER. Skin peels off, staphylococcus makes exfoliative toxins ANSWEF-exotoxin Hemolysins are an {SLO} and Streptolysin S (SLS} SLO is oxygens - ANS WER-Lable ANSWER-Stable SLS is oxygen ANSWEF-Exotoxins Neurotoxins are i=— B a o A. 8 3 = a B 3B. 5 B Pp B 8 B an = a a & =] = & ia & = & ~ ' po Z ioe) = ie a 2 To a 8 Dp S 5 B By SS How is SPE B a tissue invasion? - / -Degrades ECM proteins making it easier for bacteria to spread